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Medicinal plants against hepatitis C virus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2941-2947页

作者： Usman A ashfaq Sobia Idrees Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global health concern which is responsible for most of the liver diseases. Currently, there is no vaccine available for prevention of HCV infection due to the high degree of strain variation. The current standard of care is a combination of pegylated interferon α with ribavirin and boceprevir/telaprevir. This treatment was partially effective and had significant side effects. Hence, there is a need to develop new antiviral agents that interfere with different stages of the HCV life cycle. Recent advances in the understanding of both the cellular and molecular mechanisms of HCV replication have provided the basis for novel therapeutic strategies. Several hundred plant species and their phyto-constituents have been isolated for screening against HCV, and some have been shown to have great medicinal value in preventing and/or ameliorating viral diseases in pre-clinical and clinical trials. This review summarizes medicinal plants and their phytochemicals which inhibit different stages of HCV life cycle and discuss their potential use in HCV therapy.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Medicinal plants Anti-hepatitis C virus drugs

Cardiac Arrhythmia Disease Classication Using LSTM Deep Learning Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 427-443页

作者： Muhammad ashfaq Khan Yangwoo Kim Department of Information and Communication Engineering Dongguk UniversitySeoul100-715Kore

Many approaches have been tried for the classication of *** to the dynamic nature of electrocardiogram(ECG)signals,it is challenging to use traditional handcrafted techniques,making a machine learning(ML)implementation *** monitoring of cardiac arrhythmia patients can save *** arrhythmia prediction and classication has improved signicantly during the last few *** are a group of conditions in which the electrical activity of the heart is abnormal,either faster or slower than *** is the most frequent cause of death for both men and women every year in the *** paper presents a deep learning(DL)technique for the classication of *** proposed technique makes use of the University of California,Irvine(UCI)repository,which consists of a high-dimensional cardiac arrhythmia dataset of 279 *** this research,our goal was to classify cardiac arrhythmia patients into 16 classes depending on the characteristics of the electrocardiography *** DL approach in the form of long short-term memory(LSTM)is an efcient technique to deal with reduced accuracy due to vanishing and exploding gradients in traditional DL frameworks for big data *** goal of this research was to categorize cardiac arrhythmia patients by developing an efcient intelligent system using the LSTM DL *** approach to arrhythmia classication includes classication algorithms along with noise removal ***,we utilized principal components analysis(PCA)for noise removal,and LSTM for *** hybrid comprehensive arrhythmia classication approach performs better than previous approaches to arrhythmia *** attained a highest classication accuracy of 93.5%with the DL based disease classication system,and outperformed the earlier approaches used for cardiac arrhythmia classication.

关键词： Deep learning machine learning LSTM disease classication arrhythmia

Deep Learning-Based Hybrid Intelligent Intrusion Detection System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 671-687页

作者： Muhammad ashfaq Khan Yangwoo Kim Department of Information and Communication EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul100-715Korea Department of Electronics Engineering IoT and Big-Data Research CenterIncheon National UniversityIncheonKorea

Machine learning(ML)algorithms are often used to design effective intrusion detection(ID)systems for appropriate mitigation and effective detection of malicious cyber threats at the host and network ***,cybersecurity attacks are still *** ID system can play a vital role in detecting such *** ID systems are unable to detect malicious threats,primarily because they adopt approaches that are based on traditional ML techniques,which are less concerned with the accurate classication and feature ***,developing an accurate and intelligent ID system is a *** main objective of this study was to develop a hybrid intelligent intrusion detection system(HIIDS)to learn crucial features representation efciently and automatically from massive unlabeled raw network trafc *** ID datasets are publicly available to the cybersecurity research *** such,we used a spark MLlib(machine learning library)-based robust classier,such as logistic regression(LR),extreme gradient boosting(XGB)was used for anomaly detection,and a state-of-the-art DL,such as a long short-term memory autoencoder(LSTMAE)for misuse attack was used to develop an efcient and HIIDS to detect and classify unpredictable *** approach utilized LSTM to detect temporal features and an AE to more efciently detect global ***,to evaluate the efcacy of our proposed approach,experiments were conducted on a publicly existing dataset,the contemporary real-life ISCX-UNB *** simulation results demonstrate that our proposed spark MLlib and LSTMAE-based HIIDS signicantly outperformed existing ID approaches,achieving a high accuracy rate of up to 97.52%for the ISCX-UNB dataset respectively 10-fold crossvalidation *** is quite promising to use our proposed HIIDS in real-world circumstances on a large-scale.

关键词： Machine learning intrusion detection system deep learning spark MLlib LSTM big data

Nonclassical Properties of Superposition of Two Coherent States Shifted in Phase by 3π/2

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第9期23卷 2438-2441页

作者： AHMAD Muhammad ashfaq 曾然刘树田 Department of Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001

We consider the quantum superposition of two coherent states shifted in phase by 3π/2 ｜α〉 and ｜ -iα〉, as well as special states that are characterized solely with respect to amplitude α. According to analysis of nonclassical properties such as oscillatory and sub-Poissonian distribution of photon numbers, photon antibunching, quadrature squeezing, and negativity of Wigner function, it is concluded that the considered superposition state is a nonclassical state. Also, the special state is found to exhibit even stronger nonclassical features when relative phase φ of the superposition is equal to the average photon number ｜α｜^2.

关键词： Nonclassical Properties Shifted in Phase

Amplitude-squared squeezing of superposition of coherent states

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Chinese Physics B 2008年第5期17卷 1777-1783页

作者： Muhammad ashfaq Ahmad 任珉马爱群刘树田 Department of Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Earthquake Engineering Research and Test Centre Guangzhou University Physics Science and Technology School Heilongjiang University City Construction College Guangzhou University

This paper discusses the amplitude-squared squeezing for the superposition of two coherent states with their phase differences being separately π/2, 3π/2, and π1, as well as for the superposition state of two pseudoclassical states. According to the analysis, it is found that the superposition state of two coherent states with their phase differences π/2 and 3π/2, and the superposition state of two pseudoclassical states both do exhibit the amplitude-squared squeezing. Also, some specific states are found to exhibit even stronger squeezing effects when relative phase of the superposition is equal to the average photon number. Amplitude-squared squeezing is dependent on the difference in phase between two coherent states.

关键词： nonclassical states superposition of two coherent states amplitude-squared squeezing

Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed Hammad Qaiser mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti Shahid Bashir Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience Center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

Role of coronary angiogram before transcatheter aortic valve implantation

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World Journal of Cardiology 2021年第8期13卷 361-371页

作者： Benjamin Beska Divya Manoharan ashfaq Mohammed Rajiv Das Richard Edwards Azfar Zaman mohammad Alkhalil Cardiothoracic Centre Freeman HospitalNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE77DNUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Coexistent coronary artery disease is commonly seen in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI).Previous studies showed that pre-TAVI coronary revascularisation was not associated with improved outcomes,challenging the clinical value of routine coronary angiogram(CA).AIM To assess whether a selective approach to perform pre-TAVI CA is safe and *** This was a retrospective non-randomised single-centre analysis of consecutive patients undergoing TAVI.A selective approach for performing CA tailored to patient clinical need was *** outcomes were compared based on whether patients underwent *** primary endpoint was a composite of allcause mortality,myocardial infraction,repeat CA,and re-admission with heart *** Of 348 patients(average age 81±7 and 57%male)were included with a median follow up of 19(9-31)*** hundred and fifty-four(44%)patients,underwent CA before TAVI *** who underwent CA were more likely to have previous myocardial infarction(MI)and previous percutaneous *** primary endpoint was comparable between the two group(22.6%vs 22.2%;hazard ratio 1.05,95%CI:0.67-1.64,P=0.82).Patients who had CA were less likely to be readmitted with heart failure(P=0.022),but more likely to have repeat CA(P=0.002)and MI(P=0.007).In those who underwent CA,the presence of flow limiting lesions did not affect the incidence of primary endpoint,or its components,except for increased rate of repeat *** Selective CA is a feasible and safe *** clinical value of routine CA should be challenged in future randomised trials.

关键词： Transcatheter aortic valve implantation Angiogram Revascularisation Coronary angiogram

Remote preparation of atomic and field cluster states from a pair of tri-partite GHZ states

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第4期19卷 69-76页

作者： ashfaq H.Khosa Rameez-ul-Islam Farhan Saif Centre for Quantum Physics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Electronics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Photonics Division National Institute of Lasers and OptronicsPINSTECHNiloreIslamabadPakistan

We propose two simple and resource-economical schemes for remote preparation of four-partite atomic as well as cavity field cluster states. In the case of atomic state generation, we utilize simultaneous resonant and dispersive interactions of the two two-level atoms at the preparation station. Atoms involved in these interactions are individually pair-wise entangled into two different tri-partite GHZ states. After interaction, the passage of the atoms through a Ramsey zone and their subsequent detection completes the protocol. However, for field state generation we first copy the quantum information in the cavities to the atoms by resonant interactions and then adapt the same method as in the case of atomic state generation. The method can be generalised to remotely generate any arbitrary graph states in a straightforward manner.

关键词： quantum information entanglement production cavity quantum electrodynamics

Discovery and design of cyclic peptides as dengue virus inhibitors through structure-based molecular docking

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第7期7卷 513-516页

作者： Sobia Idrees Usman Ali ashfaq Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Government College University

Objective:To find potential peptide inhibitors against the NS2B/NS3 protease of DENV which in turn,can inhibit the viral replication inside host ***:Cyclic peptides were designed having combination of positively charged amino acids using ChemSketch software and were converted to 3D *** NS3 protein structure was retrieved from Protein Data Bank(PDB)using PDB Id:*** NS3 and cylic peptides were docked using MOE software after structural ***:Through molecular docking it was revealed that most of the peptides bound deeply in the binding pocket of DENV NS2B/NS3 protease an had interactions with catalytic *** 2 successfully blocked the catalytic triad of NS2B/NS3 *** 1,,4 and 6 also had potential interactions with active residues of the NS2B/NS3 protease while all other peptides were in close contact with the active sites of NS2B/NS3 protease thus,these peptides can serve as a potential drug candidate to stop viral ***:*** can be concluded from the study that these peptides could serve as important inhibitors to inhibit the viral replication and need further in-vitro investigations to confirm their efficacy.

关键词： Dengue virus Peptides Molecular docking Inhibitors