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Salinity Risk and Management in Tunisian Semi Arid Area

Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第2期7卷 196-201页

作者： mohamed Hachicha Sabri Kanzari Mohsen Mansour omar Jouzdan Awadis Arselan Laboratory of Valorization of non Conventional Water National Institute of Rural Engineering Waters and Forest Ariana 2080Tunisia Regional Research Centre of Horticulture and Biological agriculture Chott Merien Sousse 4042 Tunisia Arab Centre of Studying Arid Lands and Dry Areas Damascus 2440 Syria

In semi arid and arid countries, the increase in production needs sometimes using brackish/saline water for irrigation. In Kairouan and Mahdia （Centre of Tunisia）, most of the irrigated areas are by pumping ground water from wells and in many cases, water has more than 4 g of salt per liter. To improve farmers＇ income through using efficiently brackish/saline and rare water, applied research programme was carried out. The methodology adopted was based on selection of six farmers＇ parcels. Behind water quality and quantity, soil salinity and crop response, the crop cost was studied： initial and final characterization and frequently controlled. Three different water regimes were observed induced three salinity regimes： an exclusively irrigated regime in summer based on using saline water producing continuous accumulation of salts, an irrigated-rained regime in autumn/spring based on alternated saline and fresh water inducing cyclic accumulation and leaching of salts and a rained regime in winter based on fresh water with continuous leaching of salts. At the short term, soil salinity increased under irrigation until equilibrium with the irrigation water quality and decreased by rain which produced an important salts leaching in a very short time. Many tons of salts were added to the initial stock in summer season and most of them are leached to the subsoil under irrigation and by rain in the winter. Salinization affected the deep layer and on the long term, salinization of the aquifer might occur. An important crop yield decrease for the summer crop was obtained but the socio-economic aspect appeared as an important factor conditioning the use of saline water.

关键词： Soil salinity aquifer crops Central Tunisia.

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Prevention of Nephropathy by Some Natural Sources of Antioxidants

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Yangtze Medicine 2017年第4期1卷 235-266页

作者： Azab Elsayed Azab mohamed omar Albasha Ata Sedik Ibrahim Elsayed Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Alejelat Zawia University Alejelat Libya

Nephrotoxicity is one of the most common kidney problems and occurs when the body is exposed to a drug or toxin. Natural sources of antioxidants may serve as a vital source of potentially useful new compounds for the development of an effective therapy to combat a variety of kidney problems. Natural antioxidants have a variety of biochemical actions such as inhibition of reactive oxygen species production, scavenging of free radicals. The present review aims to summarize the recent articles which studied some of the nephrotoxic agents, and alleviation of nephrotoxicity using of some natural products possessing antioxidant properties. Our review shows the oxidative damage and renal disorders induced in human and experimental animals by nephrotoxic agents such as gentamicin, alcohol, nicotine, adenine, glycerol, ethylene glycol, sodium nitrite, mercuric chloride, AlCl3, lead acetate, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), furosemide, carbendazim, diazinon, heat stress, and γ-radiation. Also, nephrotic disorders caused in diabetic rats, patients, cirrhotic ascetic patients, and ischemia-reperfusion. Administration of natural sources of antioxidants such as curcumin, garlic, fenugreek, parsley, peppermint, pomegranate, propolis, olive leaves, rosemary, and sesame attenuated both physiological and histopathological alterations induced in the kidney by the nephrotoxic agent and certain diseases. The nephroprotective effect of the former natural sources of antioxidants may be due to the enhancement of antioxidant activity and inhibition of tissue lipid peroxidation. It can be concluded that administration of curcumin, garlic, fenugreek, parsley, peppermint, pomegranate, propolis, olive leaves, rosemary, and sesame showed a remarkable kidney protection against nephrotoxic agents, and diseases induced renal dysfunctions in human and experimental animals. So, the present study recommended that the consumption of these natural sources of antioxidants may be useful for human exposu

关键词： Nephrotoxicity Nephroprotective Curcumin Fenugreek Garlic Parsley Pomegranate Propolis Peppermint Olive Leaves Rosemary Sesame Oil

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Theoretical, Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Effect of Inlet Blade Angle on the Performance of Regenerative Blowers

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2015年第3期5卷 224-237页

作者： Tarek Abdel-Malak Mekhail omar mohamed Dahab mohamed Fathy Sadik Mahmoud mohamed El-Gendi Hesham Sayed Abdel-Mohsen Faculty of Energy Engineering Mechanical Power Department Aswan University Aswan Egypt Faculty of Engineering Mechanical Power Department Aswan University Aswan Egypt Faculty of Engineering Mechanical Power and Energy Department Minia University Minia Egypt

Regenerative machines allow high heads at small flow rates and present performance curves with very stable features. This research includes a study of the effect of four inlet flow angles (90°, 115°, 125° and 135°) of the blade at outlet flow angle of 90° on the performance of regenerative blower at rotation speed of 3000 rpm and at different flow rates. Investigation and comparison of the experimental results with both one-dimensional theoretical model and numerical CFD technique using CFX-ANSYS 16.1 are done. The numerical CFD analysis show that the flow enters the impeller from the blade side (about 65% of the blade side area) and leaves from the blade tip and blade side (the remaining 35% from the blade side area). According to this observation, a mathematical model that is based on momentum exchange theory to handle one inlet angle and two exit angles for the regenerative blower impeller blades is proposed. Consequently, the experimental work is carried out by two steps. The first step is done by studying the effect of inlet blade angle of 90° and analyzing the results by using the CFD analysis. The CFD results show shock losses and vortices behind each blade at the inlet flow regions. To reduce these losses, an increase of the inlet blade angle in a range between 25° to 45° is proposed. The second step is the splitting of this angle range to three inlet blade angles of 115°, 125° and 135° in order to study and analyze the CFD results for these angels. The CFD analysis shows the disappearance of the shock losses and vortices that are formed behind the blade of angle 90°. The experimental results show that the pressure head and the efficiency depend strongly on the blade inlet and outlet flow angles as well as on the blade geometry. The results also show that the best blower performance can be obtained at an inlet flow angle of 125°, and this is confirmed by CFD simulation analysis. Finally, it is shown that the proposed one-dimensional model yield results that

关键词： Regenerative Blower Circulatory Flow CFD Shock Losses Vortices Impeller Angles

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Method for Automated Georeferencing and Integrating Printed Maps in GIS for Collecting Addresses

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2013年第1期5卷 33-39页

作者： mohamed El Imame Malaainine Hassane Rhinane Lahcen Baidder omar Bachir Alami Ecole Hassania des Travaux Publics Casablanca Maroc Faculté des sciences Ain Chock Université Hassan II-Casablanca Casablanca Maroc

Addresses are important data for urban applications. About 80% of the information local authorities use have a geographic component that is generally related to addresses. Addressing systems efficiency depend on the quality of addresses locators. There are several methods to collect data. Surveys from the field are essential: GPS and pre-printed maps can be used to achieve this goal. GPS surveys from the field may be a solution, but it remains practical only for limited areas. To insure an accepted accuracy, GPS methods need special considerations that are time and money consuming. For Casablanca’s addressing locators, an alternative approach was adopted to collect 400 000 points. It took two months, 200 operators and 3500 printed maps to cover a study area of1,226 km2. This paper is to develop an optimized approach based on automated procedure for reintegrating printed maps in a geographic information system (GIS). It saves georeferencing time from 5min to just seconds per document. It insures, more importantly, an accuracy that is between20 cmto1 mfor scales that are between 1/500 and 1/2500. It ensures maps’ integration, independently of base map and coordinates system by introducing the notion of Georeferencing Code (GC).

关键词： GIS Addressing Reference Georeferencing Geodatabase Raster Data NAC GC

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GIS and Networks: Business Anomalies and Topological Errors, Linear Elements Case

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2014年第2期6卷 115-122页

作者： omar Bachir Alami Hatim Lechgar mohamed El Imame Malaainine Fatima Bardellile Ecole Hassania des Travaux Publics Casablanca Maroc Faculté des Sciences Ain Chock Université Hassan II Casablanca Maroc

The quality control of geographic data, especially from a topological and semantic perspective, is a must for its good management and use. However, while updating spatial data, some sorts of anomalies are affecting it, due to negligence or non-respect of business and topological rules. Hence the necessity of a solution that enables detecting theses anomalies. Nowadays, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become essential for decision-making in any project that manages spatial data. GIS functionalities and tools give the possibility of defining the topology of vector data. Nevertheless, the topology alone does not respond to the needs in matter of defining specific rules for every facility network. This means, we could find topological errors in the spatial database, but taking into account business rules, they are correct and vice versa. The main objective of this article is firstly to define business rules for the linear elements of a network. Secondly to premeditate the algorithms that detect the violation of the defined rules in order to have a good quality control of geographic data.

关键词： GIS Networks Geodatabase Topology Business Rule

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Association between Pentraxin-3 and Cardiac Troponin-I with Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Patients with Anterior ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Evaluation by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第2期9卷 57-68页

作者： Mousa Alharbi mohamed Yahia Mustafa Rashed omar S. El-Masry Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam KSA Department of Cardiology College of Medicine University of Menoufia Shebin-Alkoum Egypt Department of Cardiac Technology College of Applied Medical Sciences Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam KSA Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam KSA

Background: Pentraxin 3 is an inflammatory biomarker whose serum level is increased during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of this study was to measure the serum pentraxin-3 level in anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), to investigate correlation with the left ventricular (LV) systolic function assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography, and compare with the well-established cardiac biomarkers of myocardial injury such as troponin-I. Methods: Serum pentraxin-3 level was measured by ELISA in 50 patients with anterior STEMI. LV strain was measured by speckle tracking echocardiography. The results were compared to twenty sex- and age-matched persons who had history of stable angina and normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF). Results: Serum level of pentraxin-3 was significantly higher in STEMI patients in comparison to the control group (8.3 ± 3.1 versus 3.4 ± 1.2 ng/ml, p 0.001). Average LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) was reduced in STEMI patients in comparison to control subjects (11.2 ± 2.4 versus 20.2 ± 2.1, p 0.001). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between serum pentraxin-3 level and LVEF (r = -0.557, p 0.001) and the average LVGLS (r =-0.529, p 0.001). Serum pentraxin-3 cutoff value > 8.3 ng/ml had sensitivity of 81.8% and specificity of 86.4% to detect LVEF less than 50% (p 0.001). While, peak cardiac troponin-I level > 34 ng/ml was 86% sensitive to detect LVEF less than 50% with specificity of 90.9%. Conclusions: The elevated serum level of pentraxin-3 and cardiac troponin-I in STEMI patients and their association with both LVEF and GLS support the concept that the magnitude of these biomarkers correlates to the severity of myocardium injury.

关键词： Anterior MI Pentraxin-3 Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

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Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder According to the Dose and Trimester of Exposure to Antiseizure Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第2期13卷 106-121页

作者： Zakaria Ahmed mohamed Erick Thokerunga Ali omar Jimale Zhichen Liu Jingyi Fan Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center for Gene Diagnosis Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China

Background: The association between prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications (ASM) and autism spectrum disorder has been documented. This study sought to examine and synthesize evidence from studies that have evaluated these associations, with particular focus on the trimester of pregnancy and dosage of exposure. Methodology: PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched following strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. 10 studies were recruited involving children born to mothers with epilepsy who took ASM during pregnancy as cases, and those with epilepsy who did not take any ASM in pregnancy. Results: The relative risk of developing ASD among children exposed to valproic acid (RR, 3.90 [95% CI: 2.36 - 6.44], p < 0.006), was twice higher than that of carbamazepine (RR, 1.65 [95% CI: 0.62 - 4.37], p < 0.0001), or lamotrigine (RR, 1.60 [95% CI: 0.77 - 3.32], p = 0.006). The trimester of exposure and dosage of ASM administered were not significant. Conclusion: In summary, prenatal exposure to ASM increased the risk of developing ASD in children. The relative risk was twice as high in those exposed to valproic acid compared to those exposed to carbamazepine or lamotrigine. Trimester of pregnancy and dosage of ASM used by the mothers were not significant.

关键词： Autism Anti-Seizure Anticonvulsants Anti-Epileptic Fetal Prenatal

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A Review of Autism Spectrum Disorder among the Somali Diaspora: Implications for Autism Care in Somalia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第3期12卷 269-284页

作者： Zakaria Ahmed mohamed Erick Thokerunga Chunjiao Tang Ali omar Jimale Jingyi Fan Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center for Gene Diagnosis Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China

Despite the dramatic increase in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) globally, no research has been conducted in Somalia regarding ASD. However, research studies from Somali immigrants (diaspora) living in Sweden, the US, the UK, etc., have been major contributors to the subject of ASD among people of Somali descent. In this review, we aimed to examine ASD among the Somali diaspora community in terms of its prevalence, possible causes, knowledge of the diseases among the diaspora community, and the challenges faced in raising ASD-affected children in a foreign country. These findings create a general picture of the magnitude of the burden of ASD diagnosis and management and the coping mechanisms adopted by the Somali diaspora community, which are vital lessons for policymakers, child health non-governmental organizations, and the professional medical bodies aiming to tackle ASD back home in Somalia. The study found that ASD is three to five times more prevalent among children of Somali descent than their peers from other backgrounds and that Somali children were generally diagnosed much later than their peers and often presented with lower intellectual abilities than their peers. Furthermore, Somali immigrants were found to have low levels of knowledge about autism, faced stigma and discrimination and often resorted to religion and a small tight circle of friends and family for social support. They faced a huge challenge of seeking access to healthcare and schools for their autistic children and have a mistrust of social services for fear of the government taking away their children. These findings raise the possibility that neglected ASD cases may be prevalent in Somalia and thus makes recommendations for future research, social policy development, and early intervention services for individuals with autism in Somalia.

关键词： Autism ASD Somali Immigrants Diaspora

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Design Optimization for Generating a High Static Magnetic Field

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2023年第4期11卷 793-806页

作者： Hussien A. Elharati Salma Ahmed Alharati Ziad omar Wareg mohamed Amro Waregh Department of Electrical Engineering Higher Institute of Science and Technology Tripoli Libya Physics Department Ministry of Education Tripoli Libya Higher Institute of Science and Technology Nalut Libya

This paper details the creation of a device capable of generating a powerful and consistent static magnetic field. This apparatus serves the purpose of quantifying the magnetostrictive strain found in materials like annealed cobalt ferrite and Terfenol-D, specifically those shaped as cylindrical rods. In our investigation, the use of static magnetic fields proves most advantageous. This choice is made to mitigate the generation of eddy currents, which would inevitably occur if the magnetic field intensity were varied. The fundamental idea behind this design involves employing a C-shaped iron core constructed from low-carbon mild steel. On this core, three coils are mounted, each capable of producing one-third of the required 9000 Oersted (Oe) magnetic field strength. The test specimen is situated within the “jaws” of the C-shaped core, thus completing the magnetic circuit. To manage the heat generated by each coil, a cooling system consisting of copper tubes is employed. These tubes facilitate the flow of air to dissipate the heat. To model and predict the magnetic field strength produced by the coils, finite element analysis (FEMM) software is utilized, and the results align closely with the anticipated outcomes. This design effectively generates a robust and unchanging magnetic field measuring a stable 9000 Oe in total. Consequently, this equipment finds utility in characterizing the magnetic properties of specific materials.

关键词： Static Magnetic Field Magnetostrictive Strain Eddy Currents Magnetic Field Strength Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM)

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Liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly associated with Schistosoma mansoni in a Sudanese woman in Malaysia:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第4期8卷 334-336页

作者： Yamuna Rajoo Rohela Mahmud Ng Rong Xiang Sharifah F.S.omar G Kumar Yvonne A.L Lim Arine Fadzlun Ahmad Amirah Amir Zurainee mohamed Nor Romano Ngui Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of Biomedical Imaging Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya

We report a case of a patient with Schistosoma mansoni infection who presented with liver cirrhosis and *** was diagnosed by a serological test and Kato-Katz thick smear stool *** patient was a 52-year-old woman from Sudan who came to Malaysia for a week to visit her *** patient lives in the middle of Rabak region,Sudan,a highly endemic area for schistosomiasis where her daily routine includes rearing of cows and *** site of toilet and sources of drinking water are canals and wells;both infested with *** had a long history of exposure and coming into contact with water from these canals and wells.

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Liver cirrhosis Splenomegaly Sudanese woman

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