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Enteric neuropathy in diabetes:Implications for gastrointestinal function

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2852-2865页

作者： Mona mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla Department of Human Biology School of MedicineInternational Medical UniversityBukit Jalil 57000Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Diabetes,commonly known for its metabolic effects,also critically affects the enteric nervous system(ENS),which is essential in regulating gastrointestinal(GI)motility,secretion,and *** development of diabetes-induced enteric neuropathy can lead to various GI dysfunctions,such as gastroparesis and irregular bowel habits,primarily due to disruptions in the function of neuronal and glial cells within the ENS,as well as oxidative stress and *** editorial explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of enteric neuropathy in diabetic ***,it discusses the latest advances in diagnostic approaches,emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention to mitigate GI complications in diabetic *** editorial also reviews current and emerging therapeutic strategies,focusing on pharmacological treatments,dietary management,and potential neuromodulatory ***,this editorial highlights the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in managing enteric neuropathy in diabetes,aiming to enhance patient quality of life and address a frequently overlooked complication of this widespread disease.

关键词： Diabetic neuropathy Gastrointestinal Insulin resistance Diabetes Enteric nervous system Enteric neuropathy

Explainable Conformer Network for Detection of CoVID-19 Pneumonia from Chest CT Scan: From Concepts toward Clinical Explainability

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1171-1187页

作者： mohamed Abdel-Basset Hossam Hawash mohamed Abouhawwash S.S.Askar Alshaimaa A.Tantawy Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Statistics and operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The early implementation of treatment therapies necessitates the swift and precise identification of CoVID-19 pneumonia by the analysis of chest CT *** study aims to investigate the indispensable need for precise and interpretable diagnostic tools for improving clinical decision-making for CoVID-19 *** paper proposes a novel deep learning approach,called Conformer Network,for explainable discrimination of viral pneumonia depending on the lung Region of Infections(RoI)within a single modality radiographic CT ***,an efficient U-shaped transformer network is integrated for lung image ***,a robust transfer learning technique is introduced to design a robust feature extractor based on pre-trained lightweight Big Transfer(BiT-L)and finetuned on medical data to effectively learn the patterns of infection in the input ***,this work presents a visual explanation method to guarantee clinical explainability for decisions made by Conformer *** evaluation of real-world CT data demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of ourmodel outperforms cutting-edge studies with statistical *** Conformer Network achieves 97.40% of detection accuracy under cross-validation *** model not only achieves high sensitivity and specificity but also affords visualizations of salient features contributing to each classification decision,enhancing the overall transparency and trustworthiness of our *** findings provide obvious implications for the ability of our model to empower clinical staff by generating transparent intuitions about the features driving diagnostic decisions.

关键词： Deep learning CoVID-19 multi-modal medical image fusion diagnostic image fusion

Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer and de novo neuroendocrine prostate cancer:Identification,prognosis and survival,genetic and epigenetic factors

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2143-2146页

作者： mohamed Wishahi Department of Urology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteCairo 12411Egypt

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer(NEPC)shows an aggressive behavior compared to prostate cancer(PCa),also known as prostate *** foci in PCa can harbor genetic alternation that can arise in a heterogeneity of prostate *** may arise de novo or develop following androgen deprivation therapy(ADT).NEPC that arise following ADT has the nomenclature“treatmentemerging/induced NEPC(t-NEPC)”.t-NEPC would be anticipated in castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and metastatic PCa.t-NEPC is characterized by low or absent androgen receptor(AR)expression,independence of AR signaling,and gain of neuroendocrine phenotype.t-NEPC is an aggressive metastatic tumor,develops from PCa in response to drug induced ADT,and shows very short response to conventional therapy.t-NEPC occurs in 10%-17%of patients with *** novo NEPC is rare and is accounting for less than 2%of all *** molecular mechanisms underlying the trans-differentiation from CRPC to t-NEPC are not fully *** kinase 1 plays a significant role in t-NEPC *** neuroendocrine markers:Synaptophysin,chromogranin A,and insulinoma associated protein 1(INSM1)are expressed in t-NEPC,they are non-specific for diagnosis,prognosis,and follow-up of therapy.t-NEPC shows enriched genomic alteration in tumor protein P53(TP53)and retinoblastoma 1(RB1).There are evidences suggest that t-NEPC might develop through epigenetic *** are genomic,epigenetic,and transcriptional alterations that are reported to be involved in development of ***-outs of TP53 and RB1 were found to contribute in development of *** is resistant to immunotherapy,and at present there are running trials to approach immunotherapy for PCa,CRPC,and t-NEPC.

关键词： Prostate cancer Neuroendocrine carcinoma Treatment induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer Androgen deprivation therapy Genetic and epigenetic factors Castration resistant prostate cancer De novo neuroendocrine prostate cancer

Pioneering the future of robotic liver surgery

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第4期13卷 721-723页

作者： mohamed Elshaer Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery University Hospitals of LeicesterGlenfieldUK

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and represents the predominant form of primary liver cancer,accounting for approximately 90%of cases(1).Predictions indicate a significant rise in the incidence of liver cancer over the next two *** emphasises the urgent imperative for cutting-edge research to enhance patient outcomes and optimise surgical resection strategies for HCC(2).

关键词： Robotic surgery liver resections cost effectiveness

TFN-FICFM:sEMG-Based Gesture Recognition Using Temporal Fusion Network and Fuzzy Integral-based Classifier Fusion

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1878-1891页

作者： Fo Hu Kailun He Mengyuan Qian mohamed Amin Gouda College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

Surface electromyography(sEMG)-based gesture recognition is a key technology in the field of human–computer ***,existing gesture recognition methods face challenges in effectively integrating discriminative temporal feature representations from sEMG *** this paper,we propose a deep learning framework named TFN-FICFM comprises a Temporal Fusion Network(TFN)and Fuzzy Integral-Based Classifier Fusion method(FICFM)to improve the accuracy and robustness of gesture ***,we design a TFN module,which utilizes an attention-based recurrent multi-scale convolutional module to acquire multi-level temporal feature representations and achieves deep fusion of temporal features through a feature pyramid ***,the deep-fused temporal features are utilized to generate multiple sets of gesture category prediction confidences through a feedback ***,we employ FICFM to perform fuzzy fusion on prediction confidences,resulting in the ultimate *** study conducts extensive comparisons and ablation studies using the publicly available datasets Ninapro DB2 and *** demonstrate that the TFN-FICFM model outperforms state-of-the-art methods in classification *** research can serve as a benchmark for sEMG-based gesture recognition and related deep learning modeling.

关键词： Gesture recognition sEMG Deep learning Temporal fusion Fuzzy fusion

Primary gastroduodenal tuberculosis presenting as gastric outlet obstruction:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1536-1543页

作者： Abdihamid mohamed Ali Yahye Garad mohamed Abdirahman Ahmed Mohamud Abdulkadir Nor mohamed mohamed Rage Ahmed Ismail Mohamud Abdullahi Tuba Saydam Department of General Surgery Mogadishu Somali Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research HospitalMogadishu 2526Somalia Department of Radiology Mogadishu Somali TurkeyTraining and Research HospitalMogadishu 2526Somalia Department of Pathology Mogadishu Somali Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research HospitalMogadishu 2526Somalia

BACKGRoUND Mycobacterium tuberculosis(TB)is the causative agent of TB,a chronic granulo-matous *** disease is prevalent in low-income countries,posing a significant global health *** TB is one of the three *** disease can mimic other intra-abdominal conditions,leading to delayed diagnosis owing to the absence of specific *** gastric outlet obs-truction(Goo)remains a frequent complication,its incidence has declined with the advent of proton pump inhibitors and Helicobacter pylori eradication *** TB can cause upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,obstruction,and malignancy-like *** SUMMARY A 23-year-old male presented with recurrent epigastric pain,distension,nausea,vomiting,and weight loss,prompting a referral to a gastroenterologist *** examination revealed distorted gastric mucosa and signs of chronic ***,treatment was interrupted,possibly owing to vomiting or comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus infection or *** surgical intervention revealed a dilated stomach and diffuse thickening of the duodenal *** revealed gastric wall effacement with *** Primary gastric TB is rare,frequently leading to *** its rarity,suspicions should be promptly raised when encountering relevant symptoms,often requiring surgical intervention for diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal tuberculosis Gastric outlet obstruction Gastroduodenal tuberculosis Case report

A review on the multi-scaled structures and mechanical/thermal properties of tool steels fabricated by laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1048-1071页

作者： Huajing Zong Nan Kang Zehao Qin mohamed El Mansori Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology MSMPHESAM UniversitéChâlons-en-Champagne F-51006France Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station Institute for Manufacturing SystemsCollege Station TX77843USA

The laser powder bed fusion(LPBF) process can integrally form geometrically complex and high-performance metallic parts that have attracted much interest,especially in the molds *** appearance of the LPBF makes it possible to design and produce complex conformal cooling channel systems in ***,LPBF-processed tool steels have attracted more and more *** complex thermal history in the LPBF process makes the microstructural characteristics and properties different from those of conventional manufactured tool *** paper provides an overview of LPBF-processed tool steels by describing the physical phenomena,the microstructural characteristics,and the mechanical/thermal properties,including tensile properties,wear resistance,and thermal *** microstructural characteristics are presented through a multiscale perspective,ranging from densification,meso-structure,microstructure,substructure in grains,to ***,a summary of tool steels and their challenges and outlooks are introduced.

关键词： additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion tool steel multi-scaled structure mechanical properties thermal properties

Unknown Environment Measurement Mapping by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Using Kalman Filter-Based Low-Cost Estimated Parallel 8-Beam LIDAR

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4263-4279页

作者： mohamed Rabik mohamed Ismail Muthuramalingam Thangaraj Khaja Moiduddin Zeyad Almutairi Mustufa Haider Abidi Department of Mechatronics Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologySRM NagarKattankulathurChengalpattu DistrictTamil Nadu603203India Advanced Manufacturing Institute King Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia

The measurement and mapping of objects in the outer environment have traditionally been conducted using ground-based monitoring systems,as well as *** recently,unmanned aerial vehicles have also been employed for this *** accurate detection and mapping of a target such as buildings,trees,and terrains are of utmost importance in various applications of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),including search and rescue operations,object transportation,object detection,inspection tasks,and mapping ***,the rapid measurement and mapping of the object are not currently achievable due to factors such as the object’s size,the intricate nature of the sites,and the complexity of mapping *** present system introduces a costeffective solution for measurement and mapping by utilizing a small unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)equipped with an 8-beam Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)*** approach offers advantages over traditional methods that rely on expensive cameras and complex algorithm-based *** reflective properties of laser beams have also been *** system provides prompt results in comparison to traditional camerabased surveillance,with minimal latency and the need for complex *** Kalman estimation method demonstrates improved performance in the presence of *** measurement and mapping of external objects have been successfully conducted at varying distances,utilizing different resolutions.

关键词： 8 beam LiDAR UAV measurement mapping Kalman filter

Shear Let Transform Residual Learning Approach for Single-Image Super-Resolution

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3193-3209页

作者： Israa Ismail Ghada Eltaweel mohamed Meselhy Eltoukhy Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformaticsSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia51422Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computing and Information Technology at KhulaisUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia

Super-resolution techniques are employed to enhance image resolution by reconstructing high-resolution images from one or more low-resolution ***-resolution is of paramount importance in the context of remote sensing,satellite,aerial,security and surveillance ***-resolution remote sensing imagery is essential for surveillance and security purposes,enabling authorities to monitor remote or sensitive areas with greater *** study introduces a single-image super-resolution approach for remote sensing images,utilizing deep shearlet residual learning in the shearlet transform domain,and incorporating the Enhanced Deep Super-Resolution network(EDSR).Unlike conventional approaches that estimate residuals between high and low-resolution images,the proposed approach calculates the shearlet coefficients for the desired high-resolution image using the provided low-resolution image instead of estimating a residual image between the high-and low-resolution *** shearlet transform is chosen for its excellent sparse approximation ***,remote sensing images are transformed into the shearlet domain,which divides the input image into low and high *** shearlet coefficients are fed into the EDSR *** high-resolution image is subsequently reconstructed using the inverse shearlet *** incorporation of the EDSR network enhances training stability,leading to improved generated *** experimental results from the Deep Shearlet Residual Learning approach demonstrate its superior performance in remote sensing image recovery,effectively restoring both global topology and local edge detail information,thereby enhancing image *** to other networks,our proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art in terms of image quality,achieving an average peak signal-to-noise ratio of 35 and a structural similarity index measure of approximately 0.9.

关键词： Super-resolution shearlet transform shearlet coefficients enhanced deep super-resolution network