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Review of analytical methods for stress and deformation analysis of buried water pipes considering pipe-soil interaction

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Underground Space 2023年第6期13卷 205-227页

作者： Yingxu Huo Sherif Mohsen mohamed Hassan Gomaa Tarek Zayed mohamed meguid Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong 999077China Department of Building and Real Estate The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong 999077China Structural Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Department of Civil Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQuebec H3A 0G4Canada

Buried water pipelines are vulnerable to fail or break due to excessive loading or ground *** evaluation of pipe performance and serviceability relies on the proper understanding of pipe-soil interactions(PSI).Analytical methods are important approaches to studying ***,a systematic and thorough literature review to analyze the existing research trends,technological achievements and future research opportunities is not *** work investigates analytical methods that analyze the stress and deformation of pipes in terms of cross-sectional,transverse and longitudinal PSI ***,scientometric analysis is performed to acquire relevant research works from online databases and analyze the existing data of influential authors,productive research sources and frequent key word occurrence in the fields of ***,a qualitative discussion is performed in the three categories of PSI:(1)cross-sectional,including ovalization and circumferential behaviours;(2)transverse,including seismic fault crossing,weak soil zones,ground settlement and pipe uplift;and(3)***,six research opportunities are discussed,including the role of friction in cross-sectional deformation,combined effects of bending and compression,choice of soil reaction models and calibration of key parameters,effect of pipe flaws,soil spatial variability and behaviours of curved *** study helps beginners familiarize themselves with PSI analytical methods and provides experienced researchers with ideas for future research directions.

关键词： Pipeline Analytical methods Pipe-soil interactions Seismic fault Settlement Uplift Buckling Tunnelling

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Protective effect of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) against neurotoxicity induced by aluminum chloride in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第1期8卷 59-66页

作者： mohamed E.Elhadidy Hussein G.Sawie Nagwa A.meguid Yasser A.Khadrawy Department of Research on Children with Special Needs Medical Research DivisionNational Research Centre Department of Medical Physiology Medical Research DivisionNational Research Centre

Objective: To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of ashwagandha extract against aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Methods: Rats were divided into control, aluminumintoxicated rats treated daily with aluminum trichloride(Al Cl3)(100 mg/kg, orally) for 30 d and aluminum-intoxicated animals protected by receiving daily ashwagandha extract(200 mg/kg, orally) one hour before Al Cl3 administration for 30 d. Levels of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, reduced glutathione and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. In addition, the activities of Na+, K+, ATPase and acetylcholinesterase were determined in the three studied brain regions. Results: Aluminum increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum and decreased the reduced glutathione level in the hippocampus and striatum. In rats protected with ashwagandha extract, non significant changes were observed in lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide and reduced glutathione. In addition, ashwagandha extracts prevented the increased activity of acetylcholinesterase and Na+, K+, ATPase induced by Al Cl3 in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. The present findings also showed that the significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-α induced by Al Cl3 in the cortex and hippocampus was prevented by ashwagandha extract. Conclusions: The present results suggest that ashwagandha extract possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against aluminum neurotoxicity. In addition, ashwagandha extract could prevent the decline in cholinergic activity by maintaining normal acetylcholinesterase activity. The later effect could recommend the use of ashwagandha as a memory enhancer.

关键词： Ashwagandha Neurotoxicity Oxidative stress TNF-α acetylcholinesterase Na+/K+-ATPase

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Therapeutic Mammoplasty in Management of Breast Cancer: A Prospective Clinical Study

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2017年第4期6卷 107-116页

作者： Ahmed mohamed Farahat Amr Abdel meguid Attia mohamed Aly M. El Shafei El Zawahry mohamed H. Zedan Hussein Osama Soliman National Cancer Institute Cairo University Giza Egypt

Background: The introduction of oncoplasticbreast surgery, with a concomitant contralateral symmetrization procedure, allows the surgical oncologist the freedom to perform wider excisions, with more favorable cosmetic outcomes. Objective: To assess the feasibility of bilateral breast reduction for the management of breast cancer, and to determine the most suitable surgical technique of therapeutic mammoplasty for each patient. And to evaluate the cosmetic outcome during the postoperative period. Methods: This study was from June 2014 until June 2016, and included 86 female patients with breast cancer;divided in 3 groups;group A;had bilateral superior pedicle reduction mammoplasty, group B;had bilateral inferior pedicle reduction mammoplasty, group C;had bilateral batwing mastopexy. 1 month postoperative, patients were asked to answer a 5-scale questionnaire evaluating their own cosmetic outcome. Criteria they were asked to evaluate were: symmetry, shape and volume, projection, correction of ptosis, visibility of the scars and overall satisfaction. A similar questionnaire was answered by a panel made up of a surgeon and breast-care nurse after seeing the pre- and post-operative photos of the patients in question. Results: Group A had a mean tumor size of 2.7 ± 0.69 cm, least resected margins 1.2 - 4.3 cm, Group B had a mean tumor size of 3.2 ± 1.19 cm, least resected margins 0.7 - 3.8 cm, Group C had a mean tumor size of 3.4 ± 1.12 cm, least resected margins 1.7 - 5.2 cm. Cosmetic results fared high above average. Group C fared better in overall satisfaction but Group B fared better in ptosis correction, projection and symmetry. The panel answers showed difference regarding shape and volume;the only two criteria to be almost of the same result among the three groups. Conclusion: Bilateral TM has some advantages when compared to standard conventional BCS techniques without having any unfavorable effects on surgical margin confidence, local recurrence, and survival rat

关键词： Breast Oncoplasty Therapeutic Mammoplasty Surgery Oncology Plastic Symmetry

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