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Predictors of Malaria Prevalence and Coverage of Insecticide-Treated Bednets among Under-Five Children in the Buea Health District, South West Region, Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第2期8卷 25-40页

作者： mohamed isah Ngwa Fabrice Ambe Tanyi Pride Bobga Ateh Stanislas Ketum Misonge Kapnang Ivan Mentoh Ajem Abungwi Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Cameroon Nkafu Policy Institute of the Denis and Lenora Foretia Foundation Yaounde Cameroon Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Cameroon Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Cameroon Health Organisation Welfare Yaounde Cameroon Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Cameroon is a hyperendemic country to malaria where it remains a major public health concern, especially amongst children under-five. Insecticide-treated bednets (ITBNs) is the main control strategies. This study aimed at determining the predictors of malaria prevalence and coverage of ITBNs among under-five children in the Buea Health District (BHD), South West Region of Cameroon in other to reduce the morbidity and mortality of malaria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the BHD which is a malaria-hyperendemic area. Every head (female/male) of the household who was present at home at the time of data collection was randomly interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Under-five children were ascertained for malaria using microscopy, with a temperature of ≥37.50°C. Results: Out of 391 children (mean age = 19.7 month, SD = 2.5) who were selected and ascertained for malaria, the overall malaria prevalence was 13.04% (95% CI: 10.04 - 16.78). In a multivariate analysis after adjusting for confounders, female parents/guardians (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29 - 0.91) was associated with low risk of malaria while parents/guardians with no formal/primary educational (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.76 - 4.04) and children who did not use ITBN (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.08 - 2.51) were associated with an increased risk of malaria. Out of the selected children, 84.4% possessed ITBN (95% CI: 80.4 - 87.7) while 72.6% (95% CI: 67.9 - 76.8) used ITBN. In a multivariate after adjusting for confounders, Bova health area showed a significantly lower usage of ITBNs (χ 2 = 14.053, p = 0.003). Conclusion: The findings indicate that increased ITBN usage, increased parents/guardians’ educational level and good knowledge of ITBN is required to lower the risk of under-five children being infected with malaria. Health area of residence greatly influences the direct relationship between bednets possession and usage. These, therefore, indicates the possession of ITBN doesn’t

关键词： Malaria Prevalence Bednets Children Under-Five

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A Cross-Sectional Study of the Causes, Effects and Management Strategies for Stress and Burnout among Nurses in the Fako Division, Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第7期8卷 17-27页

作者： Acha Anwi Therese Ateh Stanislas Ketum mohamed isah Thiery Pechap Ayafor Agbornkwai Nyenty Agbor Acha Therese Fomundam Anwi Malika Esembeson Nahyeni Bassah Esoh Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of International Public Health Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Liverpool UK Reach Out Buea Cameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Health Organisation Welfare Yaounde Central Region Cameroon Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Alabama Birmingham USA Family Health International 360 Yaounde Cameroon Douala Gynoeco-Obstetrics and Pediatric Hospital Littoral Cameroon

Introduction: Stress and burnout are a reality which nurses encounter and try to cope with especially in the Emergency Department (ED) so that they can provide optimal patient care. Nurses who work in ED are front line providers of immediate medical care needed to stabilize patients. With the known critical shortage of health workforce in Cameroon, nurses are overloaded with work and often experience stress and burnout. Aim: This study aimed at determining the causes, effects and management strategies of stress and burnout among nurses working in the ED in hospitals in the Fako Division, Cameroon. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of seventy nurses from five different hospitals. A purposive sampling technique was used and data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire developed from the International Stress Management Scale. Results: The highest reported cause of stress in this study was heavy workload (12.88%) and the least was no experience in handling the challenges of the department. The leading reported effect of stress was the development of musculoskeletal disorders such as joint and back pain (16.48%) and the least effect was contemplating quitting the profession (5.99%). The major management strategy used was humour (8.27%), while the least was crying out stress to feel relieved (2.18%). Conclusion: The major cause of stress and burnout among nurses in our study setting was heavy workload, which mostly results in joint and back pain. Moreover, humour was the prime management strategy for stress and burnout among nurses in the emergency department in the study setting. Thus more nurses should be employed and the working conditions of nurses improved to reduce the workload in the study hospitals.

关键词： Stress Burnout Nurses Causes Effect and Management Cameroon

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Teenage Pregnancy among Secondary and High School Students in the Tiko Health District, South West Region, Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第9期8卷 99-113页

作者： Ebanja Silva Elonge Gabriel Gregory Edie Halle-Ekane mohamed isah Frankline Sevidzem Wirsiy Max Langmia Nambeke Lebaga Ndzeshang Dympna Siysila Catherine Binye Musi Ngong Clovis Chia Mbome Njie Victor Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Health Organisation Welfare Yaounde Cameroon STEM Higher Institute of Health and Business Douala Cameroon School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Limbe Regional Hospital Limbe Cameroon Deprtment of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a common public health problem with global estimates of 16 million teenage births yearly. It is one of the major causes of maternal and neonatal mortality worldwide with the majority of the cases seen in the low and middle-income countries. Cameroon has recorded the highest fertility rate among teenagers in the entire Central African region as of 2017. Notably, there are limited data available on assessing the awareness and prevention of teenage pregnancies among secondary and high school students in Cameroon. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of teenage pregnancy among secondary and high school students in the Tiko Health District, South West Region, Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted whereby data was collected using self-administered questionnaires from 250 systematically sampled participants from five teaching institutions in the Tiko Health District. Data was analysed using the EPI Info software, version 7.0. The study was carried out from the 15th November 2018 to the 20th of May 2019. Results: We had a total of 250 participants. The prevalence of teenage pregnancy was 5.20% (95% CI 3.34 - 9.1). A total of 47.20% (95% CI: 37.56 - 53.6) of participants were sexually active. Having multiple partners was a major risk factor for teenage pregnancy (AOR: 3.2, 95%CI: 1.75 - 4.03, P-value: 0.03). After adjusting for confounders educational level was a risk factor for the awareness of teenage pregnancy (AOR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.30 - 0.92, P-value: 0.04). Poor communication skills, social shyness, and lack of knowledge were potential barriers to contraceptive use. Conclusion: Having multiple sexual partners was a risk factor to the prevalence of teenage pregnancy. The majority of adolescents had considerate ideas of teenage pregnancy, its prevention, and its consequences. However, a good number of them

关键词： Awareness Adolescents Prevention Sexuality Teenage Pregnancy

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Investigating Maternal Mortality at Regina Pacis Hospital Mutengene and the Government Health Centre Mutengene, South West Region, Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第5期8卷 163-176页

作者： Ngwa Fabrice Ambe Tanyi Pride Bobga mohamed isah Ateh Stanislas Ketum Carlson Babila Sama Acha Anwi Therese Ngouateu Chrysal Beuadou Ebanja Silva Elonge Gabriel Thierry Pechap Ayafor Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Saint Louis Institute of Medical Sciences Douala Cameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Medicine Faculty Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Western Sussex NHS Foundation Trust and School of Population Health Sciences Department of Global Health University College London London UK Department of International Public Health Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Liverpool UK Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Bamenda Cameroon University of Alabama Birmingham USA

Background: One target under sustainable Development Goal 3 is to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 births, with no country having a maternal mortality rate of more than twice the global average. So there is a need to identify ways to reduce maternal mortality which is a top priority in development of the management of pregnant women and invention of equipment in procedures (caesarian section) to provide a maternal health and increase life survival. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and causes of maternal mortality at Regina Pacis Hospital and Government Health Center Mutengene. Method: This study was a retrospective study, where Data from 2007 to 2017 were collected from the hospital files using a checklist, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Conclusion: From the finding, maternal mortality is at a pace of increase in the Regina Pacis Hospital and Government Health Centre Mutengene and these health facilitiesmay fail to achieve the target of SDG3 by the end of 2030. Since, the overall prevalence of maternal mortality at both study sites was 240 per 100,000 live births at Regina Pacis Hospital and Government Health Center Mutengene from 2007 to 2017, increase education of women of reproductive age on pregnancy care and training of hospital staff in obstetric management and health records documentation.

关键词： Maternal Mortality South West Region Cameroon Pregnancy and Hemorrhage

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