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Gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic:Manifestations,mechanism and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第28期27卷 4504-4535页

作者： Dina Zakaria mohamed Mai El-Sayed Ghoneim Sally El-Sayed Abu-Risha Ramy Ahmed abdelsalam mohamed Abdelhalem Farag Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyTanta UniversityTanta 31511Egypt Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Sadat CityMenoufia 32632Egypt Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35511Egypt Department of Pediatrics Nebru General HospitalNebru 35511Egypt

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is considered the causative pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and has become an international danger to human *** respiratory transmission and symptoms are still the essential manifestations of COVID-19,the digestive system could be an unconventional or supplementary route for COVID-19 to be transmitted and manifested,most likely due to the presence of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)in the gastrointestinal *** addition,SARS-CoV-2 can trigger hepatic injury via direct binding to the ACE2 receptor in cholangiocytes,antibodydependent enhancement of infection,systemic inflammatory response syndrome,inflammatory cytokine storms,ischemia/reperfusion injury,and adverse events of treatment *** symptoms,including anorexia,nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea,which are unusual in patients with COVID-19,and some digestive signs may occur without other respiratory ***,SARS-CoV-2 can be found in infected patients’stool,demonstrating the likelihood of transmission through the fecal-oral *** addition,liver function should be monitored during COVID-19,particularly in more severe *** review summarizes the evidence for extra-pulmonary manifestations,mechanisms,and management of COVID-19,particularly those related to the gastrointestinal tract and liver.

关键词： COVID-19 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Gastrointestinal Inflammatory bowel disease Liver Management

Advances and challenges of gastrostomy insertion in children

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世界胃肠外科杂志:英文版(电子版) 2023年第9期15卷 1871-1878页

作者： Rana Bitar Amer Azaz David Rawat mohamed Hobeldin Mohamad Miqdady Seifeleslam abdelsalam Pediatric Gastroenterology Sheikh Khalifa Medical CityAbu Dhabi 767451United Arab Emirates Faculty of Medicine Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi 767451United Arab Emirates Pediatric Gastroenterology Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom Pediatric Surgery Sheikh Khalifa Medical CityAbu Dhabi 767451United Arab Emirates

When oral feeding cannot provide adequate nutritional support to children,enteral tube feeding becomes a *** overall aim is to ultimately promote appropriate growth,improve the patient’s quality of life and increase carer *** tube feeding is considered appropriate on a short-term ***,gastrostomy feeding offers a more convenient and safer feeding option especially as it does not require frequent replacements,and carries a lower risk of *** tube feeding should be considered when nasogastric tube feeding is required for more than 2-3 wk as per the ESPEN guidelines on artificial enteral *** techniques can be used to insert gastrostomies in children including endoscopic,image guided and surgical gastrostomy insertion whether open or *** technique has its own advantages and *** timing of gastrostomy insertion,device choice and method of insertion is dependent on the local expertise,patient requirements and family preference,and should be individualized with a multidisciplinary team *** aim to review gastrostomy insertion in children including indications,contraindications,history of gastrostomy,insertion techniques and complications.

关键词： Laparoscopic gastrostomy Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Laparo-scopic-assisted gastrostomy Laparoscopic-assisted percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Radiologic gastrostomy Open gastrostomy

Benefiting others and self: Production of vitamins in plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第1期63卷 210-227页

作者： Yufei Li Chenkun Yang hasan Ahmad mohamed Maher Chuanying Fang Jie Luo National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Vitamins maintain growth and development in humans, animals, and plants. Because plants serve as essential producers of vitamins, increasing the vitamin contents in plants has become a goal of crop breeding worldwide. Here, we begin with a summary of the functions of vitamins. We then review the achievements to date in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying how vitamins are synthesized, transported, and regulated in plants. We also stress the exploration of variation in vitamins by the use of forward genetic approaches, such as quantitative trait locus mapping and genome-wide association studies. Overall, we conclude that exploring the diversity of vitamins could provide new insights into plant metabolism and crop breeding.

关键词： crop breeding forward genetic plants vitamins

Carbonate rocks resistivity determination using dual and triple porosity conductivity models

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Petroleum 2020年第1期6卷 35-42页

作者： Zeeshan Tariq mohamed Mahmoud hasan Al-Youssef Mohammad Rasheed Khan Department of Petroleum Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

The rocks may be classified as Archie rocks or Non-Archie rocks,depending on the link between pore structure and resistivity of the *** carbonate rocks,keeping this factor in view,the applicability of Archie's law tends to be unreasonable and employing Archie's equation will ultimately lead to inaccurate estimates of the water *** investigators have reported models that forms a link between laboratory results and field well logs to determine water saturation in intricate pore *** case of complex systems,Archie's law fails to correctly define the resistivity-index *** addition,it is imperative to carry out investigations at lower saturation values in order to elaborate the non-Archie *** brings the dual and triple porosity conductivity models into the *** these models are essential in defining the considerable changes of the resistivity-index curves,both qualitatively and *** linkage between the two models is depicted electrically in series or in ***,it is possible to have a combination of the two *** a result,the experimental results can be modeled accurately using least *** work presents two models to determine water saturation in carbonate rocks,containing dual and triple porosity *** study also investigates the impact of different influential parameters such as saturation exponents,conductivity ratios,and pore volume fraction of each network systems,on the new ***,the effect of each parameter is individually studied and the sensitivity analysis on the RI curves is produced.A new approach to apply these models is also explained which requires the use of NMR log,mercury injection capillary pressure(MICP)measurement,and simple plotting techniques to determine the water *** proposed new models help petrophysicists to estimate water saturation in Non-Archie rocks,containing double and triple porosity network systems.

关键词： Dual porosity Triple porosity Carbonate rocks Water saturation models

Ultrasound heterogeneity as an indicator of testicular salvage in testicular torsion: A single center experience

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第1期9卷 57-62页

作者： Omran hasan mohamed Mubarak S.mohamed Jawad Alwedaie hasan Baksh Husain Alaradi Ameer Alarayedh Ali Alaradi Abdolsalam Ahmadi Akbar Jalal Department of Surgery Salmaniya Medical Complex Ringgold Standard InstitutionManamaBahrain

Objective:Testicular torsion is a common urological emergency,mainly in the younger *** aim is to evaluate the efficacy and value of testicular echogenicity in predicting testicular ***:Patients who were older than 13 years of age and were discharged with the diagnosis of testicular torsion were *** obtained included demographic data,history,physical examination results,ultrasound findings including size,color Doppler flow,and echotexture,torsion degrees,and surgical *** addition,the histopathological findings of patients who underwent orchiectomy were ***:A total of 71 cases were diagnosed with testicular torsion between January 2016 to December *** mean age at presentation was 20.4±7.0 *** average time from the onset of pain until the presentation was 36.0±55.1 *** of the 71 ultrasound scans reviewed,45.1%showed homogenous echotexture and 54.9%showed heterogeneous echotexture of the affected *** scrotal exploration,the mean degree of torsion was 475.7±301.8 degrees;66.2%of the patients had a viable testis;and bilateral orchidopexy was *** remaining 33.8%had a non-viable *** echotexture was after an average of 13.5 h of scrotal pain,while heterogeneous echotexture presented after 53.7 h of scrotal *** was a statistically significant difference between the time of presentation and echotexture changes on scrotal ultrasonography(p<0.01).The relationship between echotexture changes and testicular viability was statistically significant as well(p<0.001).Conclusion:A long time since the onset of pain coupled with heterogeneous changes in testicular parenchyma is a good indicator of ***,we still advocate for surgical exploration as the gold standard in diagnosis and management.

关键词： Testis Testicular torsion Orchiopexy Orchiectomy Ultrasound Echotexture

Assessment of fibroblast growth factor 19 as a non-invasive serum marker for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第3期14卷 623-633页

作者： Ghada Abdelrahman mohamed Ehab hasan Nashaat Hadeer mohamed Fawzy Ahmed mohamed ElGhandour Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology UnitFaculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairo 11591Egypt

BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor 19(FGF-19)is one of the founding members of the endocrine FGF ***,it has been the subject of much interest owing to its role in various physiological processes affecting glucose and lipid metabolism and the regulation of bile acid secretion as well as cell proliferation,differentiation,and ***,FGF-19 secretion in an autocrine style has reportedly contributed to cancer progression in various types of malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To estimate the serum FGF-19 concentrations in HCC cases and assess its diagnostic performance for the detection of *** We recruited 90 adult participants and divided them into three equal groups:Healthy controls,cirrhosis patients,and HCC *** FGF-19 concentrations were measured using the Human FGF-19 ELISA *** We detected a high statistically significant difference in serum FGF-19 levels among the three *** highest level was observed in the HCC group,followed by the cirrhosis and control groups(236.44±40.94 vs 125.63±31.54 vs 69.60±20.90 pg/mL,respectively,P≤0.001).FGF-19 was positively correlated with alpha fetoprotein(AFP;r=0.383,P=0.003)and international normalised ratio(r=0.357,P=0.005),while it was negatively correlated with albumin(r=-0.500,P≤0.001).For the detection of HCC,receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the best cut-off point of AFP was>8.2 ng/mL with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.78,sensitivity of 63.33%,specificity of 83.33%,positive predictive value(PPV)of 79.2%,negative predictive value(NPV)of 69.4%,and total accuracy of 78%.However,FGF-19 at a cut-off point>180 pg/mL had an AUC of 0.98,sensitivity of 100%,specificity of 90.0%,PPV of 90.0%,NPV of 100%,and total accuracy of 98%.CONCLUSION FGF-19 represents a possible novel non-invasive marker for *** may improve the prognosis of HCC patients due to its utility in several aspects of HCC detection and management.

关键词： Fibroblast growth factor 19 FGF-19 Fibroblast growth factors Tumour biomarkers Hepatocellular carcinoma Detection Cirrhosis

Hydrothermal synthesis of triangular CeCO3OH particles and photoluminescence properties

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第3期28卷 663-669页

作者： Md.hasan Zahir Shamseldin A.mohamed Mohammad Mizanur Rahman Ateeq Ur Rehman Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy Research Institute King Eahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Center of Research Excellence in Corrosion King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Center for Engineering Research King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

Ru/CeO_2[RC] and Ru/CeO_2/ethylene glycol（EG） [RCE] nanoparticles were produced by performing a simple hydrothermal reaction at 200℃ for 24 h and found to have two distinct morphologies. The RC nanoparticles are phase pureCeO_2; triangular highly crystallineCeCO_3OH nanoparticles are formed from the solution containing EG under the same hydrothermal reaction conditions at p H 8.5. EG plays an important role in the formation of the triangularCeCO_3OH nanoparticles. The polycrystallineCeCO_3OH nanoparticles retain their triangular structure even after calcination at 600℃in air but are transformed into a pureCeO_2 phase. The room temperature photoluminescence of the RC and RCE nanoparticles and of RCE calcined at 600℃[RCE-600] was also investigated. It was found that the high crystallinity triangular RCE-600 sample exhibits the highest photoluminescence intensity.

关键词： CeCO_3OH particles Ru/CeO_2 Ethylene glycol Hydrothermal process Luminescence

Experimental assessments of methanol-based foaming agent in latex modified foamed binders and warm asphalt mixtures

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Journal of Road Engineering 2022年第1期2卷 84-97页

作者： Mohd Rosli Mohd hasan Tai Guo Hainian Wang Zul Fahmi mohamed Jaafar Zhanping You School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Pulau PinangMalaysia School of Highway Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA

Latex is one of the natural rubbers that is used to enhance the performance of asphalt pavement for the last few *** presence of latex,which is categorized as an elastomer,helps to improve pavement performance and ***,higher viscosity of latex modified asphalt binder increases the production-temperatures of asphalt mixture,thus consuming higher energy during asphalt mixture’s production *** this study,the effectiveness of methanol as an energy-efficient foaming agent was assessed to reduce the viscosity and enhance the workability of the modified asphalt *** basic and rheological properties of the asphalt binders were determined through multiple laboratory tests including expansion ratio and half-life,rotational viscosity,softening point,torsional recovery,and dynamic shear *** properties of asphalt mixtures were assessed through the service characteristics,mechanical performance,and moisture resistance *** was found that the presence of latex results in an approximately twofold higher expansion ratio and a lower half-life of the asphalt binder at about the same *** the rotational viscosity test,the application of methanol into asphalt binder decreased the viscosity and led to better workability,despite the addition of latex as an asphalt *** application of methanol into asphalt binder improved the workability of mixture samples and lowered the compaction energy of the compaction process,which are the crucial criteria for a better mixing and compaction *** foamed asphalt mixtures with latex show much higher resistance to moisture damage and stiffness than control sample even though they were prepared at a lower temperature.

关键词： Foaming agent Foaming technique Latex Lower energy Methanol Natural rubber

Urinary Kidney Injury Molocule-1 Level in Preterm Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： Maha Youssef Manal abdelsalam Radwa Saeed Alshimaa mohamed Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine (Girls) Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine (Girls) Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt

Background: Despite recent advances in perinatal and neonatal care in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) prevention and treatment, a considerable number of these neonates suffer from acute kidney injury (AKI), and it is associated with poor outcome as an independent risk factor. KIM-1 mRNA and protein are expressed at a low level in normal kidney but are increased in post ischemic kidney. Aim: The aim is to detect the value of urinary KIM-1 measurement as an early predictor marker of acute kidney injury in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Patients and methods: The study included 30 preterm newborn with (RDS) ≤36 weeks during the period from October 2014 to March 2015. Also the study included 30 apparently healthy newborn ≤36 weeks as controls. They were selected from NICU of Manshiate Elbakry hospital Cairo, Egypt. uKIM-1 along with serum creatinine levels and eGFR were assessed in days 1 of life for both groups and in day 3 for cases. Results: In day one of life, we found a significant increase in uKIM-1 levels in preterm newborn with RDS compared to their controls (2.88 ± 1.01 ng/ml and 0.95 ± 0.52 ng/ml respectively (p = 0.001)). There is no significant difference between both groups regarding serum creatinine and eGFR. In day 3 of life, preterm with RDS had significant decrease in uKIM-1 levels compared to day 1 of life with significant increase in non-survivor compared to survivor group ( 2.30 ± 1.56 ng/ml and 1.30 ± 0.90 ng/ml respectively (p = 0.03)). The sensitivity and specificity of uKIM-1 and serum creatinine was calculated (100.00%, 86.67% and 33.33%;95.00%) respectively. Conclusion: Preterm neonate with RDS is at high risk of developing AKI. Early and serial uKIM-1 measurements can be used as a non-invasive indicator of kidney injury in premature newborn with RDS.

关键词： Premature Respiratory Distress Syndrome Urinary Kidney Injury Molocule-1 Acute Kidney Injury