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New Solutions to Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2011年第1期1卷 3-4页

作者： moawia alghalith 不详

In contrast to the Euler method and the subsequent methods, we provide solutions to nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Consequently, our method does not require convergence. We apply our method to a second-ord... 详细信息

关键词： Ordinary Differential Equations ODE Euler's Method

Endogenous Risk Measures

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2011年第2期1卷 28-29页

作者： moawia alghalith 不详

We present a methodology that allows endogenous derivation of the moments of the probability distributions. In doing so, we, present an alternative objective function and alternative concept of risk aversion. In addition, we show that the risk measure depends on the preferences. Moreover, we show that a higher level of risk aversion yields higher values of the risk measure.

关键词： Risk Risk Measures Uncertainty

General Closed-Form Solutions to the Dynamic Optimization Problem in Incomplete Markets

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Applied Mathematics 2011年第4期2卷 433-435页

作者： moawia alghalith 不详

In this paper, we provide general closed-form solutions to the incomplete-market random-coefficient dynamic optimization problem without the restrictive assumption of exponential or HARA utility function. Moreover, we explicitly express the optimal portfolio as a function of the optimal consumption and show the impact of optimal consumption on the optimal portfolio.

关键词： Stochastic Incomplete Markets Investment

Portfolio Optimization without the Self-Financing Assumption

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2011年第3期1卷 81-83页

作者： moawia alghalith 不详

In this paper, we relax the assumption of a self-financing strategy in the dynamic investment models. In so doing we provide smooth solutions and constrained viscosity solutions.

关键词： Portfolio Investment Stochastic Viscosity Solutions Self Financing

Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education on Glycaemic Control in Sudanese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 316-327页

作者： Sahar moawia Balla Elnour Tayseer Abdelmotalib Ahmed Taha Haiam Abdalla Wadatalla Ziryab Zainelabdin Mohamed Elmahdi Marwah Isam Abdulmajeed Mohammedahmed Rowa Abdelmonem Sidig Hamadto Nahla Yousif Osman Mohammed Saeed Omnia Mubarak Saad Abdallah Sulafa Abdelbagi Mustafa Ahmed Hanady Abdelhameed Ahmed Mohamed Sarah Khalil Fathi Khalil Family Medicine Health Gates Primary Care Riyadh SAU Family Medicine Dhaman Health Assurance Hospitals Company Kuwait KWT Family Medicine First Health Cluster Riyadh SAU Emergency Department Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Abudahbi ARE Family Medicine University of Medical Sciences and Technology Khartoum SDN Family Medicine Sudan Medical Specialization Board-Sudan Khartoum SDN Family Medicine Ultra Care Home Care Company Riyadh SAU Medicine Department Health Gates Primary Care Riyadh SAU Family Medicine Mouwasat Hospital Madinah SAU

Research Background: The high prevalence of diabetes in Sudan, estimated at 16%, highlights the importance of effective health education in diabetes management. Diabetes self-management education has been identified as a crucial tool in enhancing the knowledge, attitudes, and abilities necessary for self-management among individuals with diabetes. Aim: To assess the impact of diabetes self-management education on medication adherence and glycemic control in Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes before and 3 months after the DSME intervention. Method: The study was conducted in Sudan between September 2022 and March 2023, it was an interventional, one-group, pre- and post-test study that aimed to assess the impact of diabetes self-management education (DSME) on medication adherence and diabetes control in Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes. The research was conducted in primary health care centers in six cities in Sudan and involved 244 participants. The data entry and statistical analysis were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27.0. A paired t test was used for analysis. Results: The study included 244 participants, 67% of whom were males. The age mean ± SD was 48.6 ± 9.3 years, and 85.3% of participants were married. Age at onset of diabetes mean ± SD was 40.60 ± 7.81 years;44.6% had diabetes for less than 5 years;and 84.1% had a positive family history of diabetes mellitus. The levels of poor, low, and partial adherence to medication decreased by 8.2%, 4%, and 20.6%, respectively, after the intervention. The levels of good and high medication regime adherence increased by 13% and 19.8%, respectively;BMI decreased by 1.1 ± 0.73 kg/m2 (p = 0.005). The fasting blood sugar decreased by 69 ± 32.9 mg/dl (p = 0.049), and the glycated hemoglobin decreased by 1.21 ± 0.28% (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study reinforce the importance of patient education in improving glycemic control and enhancing self-management

关键词： Sudan Adherence Intervention Education Self-Management Diabetes

Mental Health Consequences among Sudanese Due to the Armed Conflicts and Civil Unrest of 2023: One Year Later

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 21-37页

作者： Sahar moawia Balla Elnour Nahla Yousif Osman Mohammed Saeed Awadia Babiker Mohammed Osman Abeer Alawad Hassan Eman Mohamed Nour Hamad Alneel Mustafa Rowa Abdelmonem Sidig Hamato Malaz Mohamed Khair Alsafi Mohamed Amna Alnaim Mohamed Ahmed Osman Awab Abdelbagi Mustafa Ahmed Jalal Abdelrasool Hassan Eltaib Department of Family Medicine Health Gates Riyadh Saudi Arabia Family Medicine Department Ultracare Home Health Care Riyadh Saudi Arabia Psychiatic Department Erada Hospital and Mental Health Alkharj Saudi Arabia Family Medicine Department Ahmed Gasim Diabetic Center Portsudan Sudan QCHP Qatar Qatar Primary Care Najran Health Cluster Najran Saudi Arabia Emergency Department Best Care Hospital Khartoum Sudan Family Medicine Department Mouwasat Hospital Khobar Saudi Arabia

Aim: To investigate depression, anxiety, PTSD, and insomnia levels among Sudanese citizens after a year has passed since the start of Armed Forces conflict in Sudan. Methods: An online survey was distributed. It is composed of five parts, covering the following areas: 1) sociodemographic data;2) depression assessment;3) generalized anxiety disorder assessment;4) post-traumatic stress disorder assessment;and 5) insomnia assessment. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27 was used for data analysis;frequency and percentage were used to describe the qualitative variables. Spearman’s correlation analysis and Chi-square test were used for correlation and association analysis;a P-value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study included 283 participants, primarily female (76.0%), with a mean age of 35.26 ± 6.96 years. The majority of participants were married (50.5%) and had a university level of education (50.2%). At the start of the war, 70.3% of participants were inside the war zones, and at the time of data collection, 73.5% were outside Sudan. The length of stay in the war zone ranged from 1 to 300 days, with a mean of 48.59 ± 70.284 days. Additionally, 63.3% of participants stated that they did not receive any form of mental health intervention, and the remaining did not provide an answer. There was a high prevalence of moderate-severe depression (50.5%), moderate anxiety (35.3%), PTSD (56.5%), and sub-threshold insomnia (53.4%) among the participants. Correlation analyses revealed associations between demographic factors such as sex, age, marital status, and education and mental health issues. Notably, female participants showed a higher prevalence of PTSD (53.0%) compared to male participants (67.6%). Conclusions: There is a substantial impact of war-related trauma on mental health, revealing a high prevalence of moderate-severe depression, moderate anxiety, PTSD, and sub-threshold insomnia among the particip

关键词： Sudan War Conflict Mental Health

Epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Gezira area Central Sudan and analysis of cytokine profiles

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第2期6卷 141-147页

作者： Nagla Mustafa Eltayeb moawia Mohamed Mukhtar Ahmed Babiker Mohamed Department of Immunology and Biotechnology Tropical Medicine Research InstituteNational Centre for ResearchKhartoumSudan Department of Immunology Institute of Endemic DiseasesUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan National Centre for Research Ministry of Science and TechnologyKhartoumSudan

Objective:To determine and compare anti-schistosoma IgC,interleukin-10(IL-10) and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)levels in the serum of patients and endemic controls and to investigate the epidemiological situation of Al-Hebaika village in the northern part of Gezira Agricultural Irrigation Scheme in ***:During 2005 survey,serum were collected from 118 *** eight were parasitological positive(patients),and 50 were negative(endemic controls).Indirect ELISA was used to measure and compare the levels of immunoglobulin C(IgC) against Schistsoma mansoni(***) soluble worm antigen(SWA) in the patients and endemic control groups from the village and compared with 20 healthy non endemic *** ELJSA was also used to measure and compare IL-10 and IFN-γin the serum of the selected ***:The overall prevalence of *** was 20.0%and 0.9%in the first and the second surveys respectively,while the intensity of infection was the same in the two surveys 1.38[geometric mean egg count(GMFC)].The overall prevalence of *** infection was 68.5% and 15.4%,while the intensity of infection was 2.75(GMEC) and 1.70(GMEC) in the two surveys *** reactivity against SWA showed no significant difference between Schistosoma positive patients and endemic ***,there were high significant differences between each of these two groups and the non endemic control group(P= 0,000).Schistosoma patients and exposed controls had significantly higher IL-10 concentration compared with non endemic *** endemic controls showed significantly higher IFN-γconcentration than patients(P = 0.000).Also there was very significant difference between IFN-γlevels of each of patients endemic controls and that of the non endemic controls(P = 0.003).Conclusions:The study concluded that IFN-γhas a role in the natural resistant to schistosoma mansoni infection. The prevalence and intensity of *** in the Gezira Irrigation Scheme was greatly red

关键词： Schistosomiasis IgG IL-10 IFN-gama ELISA

Morphometric Analysis of the Brain Ventricles in Normal Subjects Using Computerized Tomography

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Open Journal of Radiology 2015年第1期5卷 13-19页

作者： moawia Gameraddin Abdalrahim Alsayed Amir Ali Mosleh Al-Raddadi Department of Diagnostic Radiologic College of Medical Applied Sciences Technology Taibah University Almadinah Al Munawwara Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Alzaiem Alazhari University Khartoum Sudan Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Almadinah Al Munawwara Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Medical Imaging Department King Fahad Hospital Almadinah Al Munawwara Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background and Aim: As ageing advances, the human brain undergoes many gross and histopathological changes with regression of the brain tissue leading to the enlargement of the ventricles. Knowledge of morphometric and size of normal ventricular system of brain is important to understand these changes. Methods: For the present perspective study, computerized tomography (CT) for 152 patients (Male-89 and Females-63) were studied for the measurements of fourth ventricle, third ventricle and lateral ventricle and it was statistically analyzed. Results: The anteroposterior extent of the body of the lateral ventricles on the right side was 74.89 + 9.86 mm and 70.06 + 8.83 mm in the males and females and on the left side was 74.89 + 9.89 mm and 69.56 + 11.42 mm in the males and females;the length of the frontal horns on the right side was 28.53 + 3.88 mm and 26.16 + 4.21 mm in the males and females and on the left side was 28.53 + 3.88mm and 26.17 + 4.237 mm in the males and females respectively. The width and height of the fourth ventricle were 12.54 + 1.90 mm and 9.66 + 2.12 in the males and 11.60 + 2.099 mm and 9.70 + 2.219 in the females respectively. The width of the third ventricle was 5.70 + 1.54 mm and 5.40 + 1.68 mm in the males and females respectively. Conclusion: The present study has defined the morphometric measurements of the lateral ventricles, third ventricle, and fourth ventricle of the brain which has clinical correlations in diagnosis and for further line of treatment.

关键词： Brain Morphometry Ventricular System Size Subjects Tomography

Sonographic Evaluation of Obstructive Jaundice

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2015年第1期5卷 24-29页

作者： moawia Gameraddin Suzan Omer Suliman Salih Suha A. Elsayed Abdalmonem Alshaikh Department of Diagnostic Radiologic Technology Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Alzaiem Alazhari University Khartoum Sudan National Cancer Institute University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan

Purpose: This study was done to assess the role of ultrasound in diagnosis of obstructive jaundice and to identify the most common causes and symptoms. Materials and methods: The study took place in different Khartoum clinical centers and hospitals in the period between Jan 2014 and July 2014. A total of 150 patients with obstructive jaundice were examined using ultrasound machine, 3.5 - 7 MHz probe. Results: The study revealed that 65.33 of the study population with obstructive jaundice were female and 34.67% was male. The most common affected groups were 46 - 65 years old and 25 - 45 years old. The common causes of obstructive jaundice were biliary stones (61.33%) which were common in females and abdominal masses (32.67%) which were common in females, too. Nausea, yellowish discoloration and abdominal pain were the most common symptoms (98%, 97.33% and 96.67% respectively). The causes of obstructive jaundice showed significant difference between males and females (P-value = 0.002). Conclusion: Ultrasound was superior diagnostic tool in detecting and assessing biliary system obstruction, because it was easy, available, accurate and noninvasive. The ageing and gender were considered as risk factors of obstructive jaundice.

关键词： Sonography Evaluation Obstructive Jaundice