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采矿与社会规则

产业与环境 2001年第S1期23卷 57-59页

作者：臧立杰 nola-Kate seymoar President and CEO The International centre for Sustainable Cities(ICSC). Suite 901 1090 West Georgia St.Vancouver BC V6E 3V7 Canada

大多数采矿经理是地质学家或工程师，男性，同时超过５０岁在一定程度上他们可能是环境科学家与技术人员，但是他们很少是经受训练以将理解重点放在文化与相关问题上的社会科学家、社区工人和社区的行动主义人士然而，社区组织和社会... 详细信息

大多数采矿经理是地质学家或工程师，男性，同时超过５０岁在一定程度上他们可能是环境科学家与技术人员，但是他们很少是经受训练以将理解重点放在文化与相关问题上的社会科学家、社区工人和社区的行动主义人士然而，社区组织和社会活动者越来越决定企业是否能获得其许可证与／或税收和其他来自于国家和地方政府的许可．同时，正是同样的社区组织、本土部族和非政府组织能够影响一个企业的形象与在世界范围内的储备价格虽然可能不自在，但是采矿经理、政府官员、非政府组织和社区领袖正发现他们必须合作．

关键词：社区组织非政府组织采矿活动生态系统环境影响评价环境问题文化多样性可持续能力社会问题利益攸关者

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涅粲重生的行星

中国国家天文 2015年第3期9卷 110-113页

作者： nola Taylor Redd 吴蕴豪

恒星的死亡会给围绕其运转的行星带来毁灭性的后果。然而对于某些行星而言，寄主恒星的生命终点也许意味着一个全新的开始。

关键词：行星恒星天文学天文观测

Microgeographic Variation and Inter-Riffle Migration of <i>Rhinichthys atratulus</i>(Pisces: Cyprinidae) in a Small Connecticut Stream, United States

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Open Journal of Ecology 2020年第7期10卷 460-481页

作者： Sage J. Loomis Kayla Anatone Laura Bither Sarah J. Kang nola Neri David Machado Michelle L. Kraczkowski Barry Chernoff College of the Environment Wesleyan University Middletown USA Department of Biology Wesleyan University Middletown USA Department of molecular Biology and Biochemistry Wesleyan University Middletown USA Department of Biology University of Saint Joseph West Hartford USA Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences Wesleyan University Middletown USA

We examined the genetic diversity on a microgeographic scale of Rhinichthys atratulus (Eastern Blacknose Dace) in Allyn Brook, a small tributary in the upper Coginchaug River drainage in Connecticut. By looking at gene flow on a microgeographic scale among populations that had no physical barriers to migration, we tested the null hypothesis that the populations should be homogeneous. We resolved seven polymorphic microsatellite loci and one mitochondrial gene, nd2, in three adjacent populations (se populations to the two closest populations (>5 km) in the Coginchaug River. A dam from the 1920’s in lower Allyn Brook has isolated Allyn-Brook populations from Coginchaug-River populations. Allyn Brook was selected because there are only three riffle habitats in the brook and, therefore, there can be no immigration from upstream populations. Each population has private (i.e., unique) alleles and haplotypes, and there are significant genetic differences between all sites. The Allyn Brook populations are almost as different from one another as they are from the distant populations in the Coginchaug River from which they have been isolated for more than 80 years. These results point to in situ evolution and little migration or gene flow among populations on a microgeographic scale. This raises interesting questions for conservation of genetic diversity of stream fishes.

关键词： Migration Microgeographic Differentiation Population Ecology Gene Flow Rhinichthys atratulus

Silver flr tree-ring fluctuations decrease from north to south latitude—total solar irradiance and NAO are indicated as the main influencing factors

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期 717-731页

作者： Václav ?im?nek Anna Prok?pková Zdeněk Vacek Stanislav Vacek Jan Cukor Jirí Reme? Vojtěch Hájek Giuseppe D'Andrea Martin ?álek Paola nola Osvaldo Pericolo ?árka Holzbachová Francesco Ripullone Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Forestry and Game Management Research Institute 3. Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Biology Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Forests of the Czech Republic SOE School of Agricultural Forestry and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata

Silver flr(Abies alba Mill.) is a flexible European tree species, mainly vegetating within the mountainous regions of Europe, but its growth responses across its latitudinal and longitudinal range have not yet been satisfactorily verifled under changing environmental conditions. This study describes the tree-ring increment of silver flr in research plots across a latitudinal gradient from the northern range in Czechia(CZ), through Croatia(HR) to the southernmost range in Italy(IT). The research aims to analyze in detail the dynamics and cyclicity of the ringwidth index(RWI) and how it relates to climatic factors(temperature and precipitation), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and total solar irradiance(TSI), including the determination of latitude. The results show that the main drivers affecting flr growth are the seasonal NAO index and TSI. monthly temperatures affect RWI early in the vegetation season, while lack of precipitation during the summer is a limiting factor for flr growth,especially in July. seasonal temperatures and temperatures in June and July negatively impact, while seasonal precipitation totals in the same months positively influence the RWI in all research plots across meridian. The longest growth cycles in flr RWI were recorded in the northernmost studied plots in CZ. These cyclical fluctuations recede approaching the south. The cyclic increase in RWI is related to the TSI, which decreases its effect from north to south. The TSI?s effects vary, positively impacting CZ but negatively influencing HR while remaining relatively neutral in IT. On the other hand, seasonal NAO tends to negatively affect silver flr growth in HR and CZ but has a mildly positive effect in IT. In conclusion, the TSI and the influence of the seasonal NAO index are prevalent in the flr RWI and are accompanied by a greater cyclicity of RWI in Central Europe(temperature optimum) than in the Italian Mediterranean region, where this tree species is limited by climatic condi

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Nematodes for Soil Quality monitoring: Results from the RMQS BioDiv Programme

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2013年第1期3卷 30-45页

作者： Cécile Villenave Anne Jimenez Muriel Guernion Guénola Pérès Daniel Cluzea Thierry Mateille Bernard Martiny Mireille Fargette Johannes Tavoillot ELISOL Environnement and IRD UMR 210 ECO & SOLS Montpellier France IRD UMR 1062 CBGP Montferrier sur Lez Monteferrier France. UMR CNRS 6553 EcoBio University Rennes 1 Rennes France

A French programme, “Réseau de mesure de la qualité des sols: biodiversité des organismes” (RMQS BioDiv) was developed in Brittany (27,000 km2 in the western part of France) as an initial assessment of soil biodiversity on a regional scale in relation to land use and pedoclimatic parameters. The nematode community assemblages were compared among the land use categories. Crops were characterised by a high abundance of bacterial-feeders, particularly opportunistic bacterial-feeders belonging to Rhabditidae. Meadows presented a higher total abundance of nematodes than did crops (20.6 ind·g-1 dry soil vs. 13.1 ind·g-1 dry soil), and they were mainly linked to the great abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes, particularly Meloidogyne, but with a very high heterogeneity between sampled plots. The nematodes were most abundant in forests (23.7 ind·g-1 dry soil) and presented the most structured community (SI = 82.2 in forests vs. 58.6 and 55.5 in crops and meadows, respectively). Forests had also the higher fungal component (fungal-feeders and facultative plant-feeders belonging to the Tylenchidae) leading to a significant higher part of the fungal decomposition pathway in forests than in crops. The ability of different taxonomic levels of nematode identifica- tion to discriminate among different cropping systems (i.e., continuous cropping system, crop with meadow in the rota- tion, meadow with crop in the rotation and permanent meadow) was also tested. The family level (48 families identified in these samples) was more efficient than the other taxonomic levels (86 taxa, 17 functional guilds and 6 trophic groups): best statistical significant discrimination for time spent in identification. The relation between the nematode ecological indices, the abundance of nematode trophic groups and the crop management practices were studied. The effects of fertilization, ploughing frequency, use of pesticides and management systems on ecological indices, particu- larly on the Maturity

关键词： Agricultural Practices Bioindicators Crop Forest Meadow Soil Biodiversity monitoring

Soil Organic Matter and Grain Yield of Rainfed Maize in Luvisols of Campeche, México

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第12期10卷 1602-1613页

作者： Juan Medina-Méndez Víctor H. Volke-Haller José I. Cortés-Flores Arturo Galvis-Spínola María de J. Santiago-Cruz Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Campo Experimental Edzná Campeche México Colegio de Postgraduados Texcoco México

The organic matter is an important soil component, due its favorable effects on soil physical and chemical properties and, by consequence, on crop yields. So, the objective of this work was quantify the changes through the time of soil organic matter in rainfed maize (Zea mays L.) system, in a period of 30 years of continuous crop and in relation to system of natural vegetation system, and also the effects of these changes on the crop yield, in Luvisols soils of State of Campeche, México. In production cycle of 2004, 53 farmer plots in rainfed maize system of different land use time and five sites of forest natural vegetation system were sampled for soil, to quantify physical and chemical properties of soil, and it was taken data about climate, system management and crop yield. The data were analiced by regression analysis, considered the organic matter as function of land use time and factors of soil and management of system, and the crop yield as function of soil organic matter and factors of soil, climate and management of system. The soil organic matter diminished from 5.68% in forest natural vegetation system to 3.59% after 16 - 30 years of cultivation, and the soil annual incorporation of vegetative mulch (weeds and stubble of maize) increased the organic matter from 0.14% after 1 - 5 years to 0.46% after 16 - 30 years of cultivation. Without fertilization, the diminution of soil organic matter caused 907 kg⋅ha−1 less of maize yield, and the fertilization with 200 kg⋅ha−1 of diamonic phosphate (36 kg⋅N⋅ha−1 and 92 kg P2O5 ha−1) increased the maize yield 1224 kg⋅ha−1 after 1 - 5 years and 1421 kg⋅ha−1 after 16 - 30 years of cultivation, but not compensed less maize yield of 711 kg⋅ha−1 due the diminution of soil organic matter.

关键词： Zea mays L. Annual Crops Forest Natural Vegetation Land Use Time Soil Properties

Effect of Tide on Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Some Physical and Chemicals Parameters in the Shallow Estuary of the Kienke River (Kribi Deep sea Port Area, South Cameroon Coast)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2022年第4期12卷 185-199页

作者： Anselme Crépin Mama Willy Karol Bodo Abouga Félix Besack Firmin Landry Tadoum Bah Stéphane Onla Jennifer Cynthia Rachel Sissako mongue Frédéric Nkolo Mfoula Fabius Kouegan Durand Bernadin Djombe Kammen Dorine Mara Ngo nola Ginette Thérèse Atoukoh Dingong Laeticia Ingrig Ntangyong Gervais Mani Rose Eulalie Bekono Beyala Josué Junior Manga Tchogom Elcy Rhode Guiadem Lawrence Mbeng Oben Department of Oceanography Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Association of Professionals in Coastal and Aquatics Management Kribi Cameroon Hydrography service Dredging Management Unit Port Authority of Douala Douala Cameroon

The aim of this study was to highlight the effect of tide on the variation of the physicochemical parameter in the Kienké estuary. Six (06) environmental variables were monitored at nine (09) stations with the time step of one hour from 7 am to 7 pm on 4th August 2019. The hovmuller analysis showed that salinity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and pH values increased during the flood phase and decreased during the ebb phase while oxygen concentration decreased during the flood and increased during the ebb phase. The stratification parameter has shown that the influx of seawater during high tide shifts the Kienké estuary from a well-mixed to a partially mixed environment.

关键词： Kienké Estuary Environmental Variables Flood Ebb Stratification Parame-ter

Influence of Anthropogenic Pollution on the Abundance Dynamics of Some Freshwater Invertebrates in the Coastal Area of Cameroon

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2017年第7期8卷 810-829页

作者： E. Koji O. V. Noah Ewoti F. M. Onana S. Tchakonté C. Lontsi Djimeli A. Tamsa Arfao G. Bricheux T. Sime-Ngando M. nola Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Environment Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Management Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory Saint Jerome Polytechnic Institute Saint Jerome Catholic University of Douala Douala Cameroon Université Clermont Auvergne Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux Aubière France

The abundance dynamic of some freshwater invertebrates in relation with the abiotic factors of the medium was studied from March 2013 to March 2014 on the main streams of the Wouri and Sanaga basins. Individuals of Copepoda, Atyidae, Chironomidae and Physidae were collected, identified and counted. Samplings were carried out monthly;meanwhile measurements of the environmental variables were taken. Results of the physico-chemical analyses revealed that water of the Sanaga basin is globally well oxygenated (77% - 92%) and faintly mineralized (14 - 107 μS/cm), excepted in the stations receiving house-hold pollutants. Inversely, in the Wouri basin, waters are hypoxic with high content of organic matters (27.79 ± 9.43 mg/L). During rainy season (June-september), there is a dilution-dispersion of the organic matter due to stormwaters. Concerning biological analyses, the families of Physidae and Chironomidae were more abundant in urban stations than in stations situated in suburban area, especially during low water level period, showing that they are well adapted to anthropogenic and organic pollutions. The hypoxic conditions of urban waterways do not favor the proliferation of sensitive taxa such as Atyidae and Copepoda. These taxa preferred well oxygenated waters with rapid flow, and are more abundant during rainy season in stations located in suburban area or which are less subjected to anthropogenic disturbances.

关键词： Floods Anthropogenic Pollution Dilution-Dispersion Invertebrates Bio-Assessment

高校大众健美操教学中大学生表现力的培养方法探究

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当代体育科技 2021年第32期11卷 96-98页

作者：诺乐德维丽丝内蒙古师范大学体育学院内蒙古呼和浩特010010

该文主要通过文献资料法,实地调查法、访问法等方法对高校大众健美操教学中大学生表现力的培养方法进行研究。在新时代教育发展的新要求下,我国高校的教育机制进行了一系列的改进。为了强健大学生体质及增强艺术审美感与自我表现力,高... 详细信息

该文主要通过文献资料法,实地调查法、访问法等方法对高校大众健美操教学中大学生表现力的培养方法进行研究。在新时代教育发展的新要求下,我国高校的教育机制进行了一系列的改进。为了强健大学生体质及增强艺术审美感与自我表现力,高校加入了大众健美操教学,希望通过灵活多变的肢体动作,加上有节奏感的音乐,能有效激发大学生的表现力,培养新一代大学生,使他们拥有积极乐观的心理。该文首先简要分析了在高校中增加大众健美操教学的重要意义,其次分析了影响学生表现力的因素,最后探讨了提升大学生表现力的策略。

关键词：高校大学生大众健美操探究