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Geographic Variation in Flower Size and Flower-Visitor Composition of Two Bumblebee-Pollinated, Spring-Flowering Herbs, Lamium albumL. var. barbatum(Lamiaceae) and Meehania urticifolia(Lamiaceae)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第5期6卷 737-745页

作者： mitsuru Hattori Yusuke Nagano Takao Itino Department of Biology Faculty of Science Shinshu University Matsumoto Japan Institute of Mountain Science Shinshu University Matsumoto Japan

Geographic variation of flower size is potentially affected by various biotic and abiotic factors such as pollinator size, abundance of nectar robbers, and temperature. To elucidate the effect of geographic variation of flower-visitor fauna on flower size, we investigated two spring-flowering, bumblebee-pollinated herbs, Lamium album L. var. barbatum (seven populations) and Meehania urticifolia (five populations), in central Japan. Flower-size variations were not correlated with altitude (an index of abiotic environmental change) in either species, but in both species they were related to the local species composition of flower visitors. In L. album, flowers were bigger in populations visited by long-tongued Bombus consobrinus and B. diversus queens, whereas they were smaller in populations visited by short-tongued bees such as Apis mellifera. Flower size did not vary much among populations of M. urticifolia visited by long-tongued bumblebees, but it was uniquely small in a population whose flowers were predominantly visited by the nectar-robbing bee Megachile japonica. In conclusion, both the size and nectar-robbing behavior of bees affect local flower-size adaptation in these two long-tubed, spring-flowering herbs.

关键词： Bumblebee Floral Character Geographic Trait Variation Nectar Robbing Pollination

青藏高原土壤氮矿化速率及其温度敏感性的海拔差异

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第5期16卷 26-33页

作者： Xikang Hou Dan Kou mitsuru Hirota Tong Guo Tao Lang State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Biogeochemistry Research Group Department of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio 70210Finland Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area&Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource and Eco-environmental Science College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518071China

土壤氮矿化速率的变化会影响营养物质的可利用性,进而影响植物生长。然而,温度升高如何影响不同海拔高山草地土壤净氮矿化速率仍不清楚。在青藏高原北部的祁连山脉一处坡地上,我们从海拔3200至4200m每隔200m设立一观测样地,用树脂芯法... 详细信息

土壤氮矿化速率的变化会影响营养物质的可利用性,进而影响植物生长。然而,温度升高如何影响不同海拔高山草地土壤净氮矿化速率仍不清楚。在青藏高原北部的祁连山脉一处坡地上,我们从海拔3200至4200m每隔200m设立一观测样地,用树脂芯法开展了沿海拔梯度土壤净氮矿化速率的原位观测实验。同时我们以海拔3800、4000和4200m的样地作为基准,通过分别向低海拔移栽土壤样方的实验方法评估土壤净氮矿化速率及其温度敏感性(Q_(10))受升温的影响。研究结果表明,土壤净氮矿化速率随海拔升高而降低:结构方程模型分析结果显示沿海拔梯度土壤净氮矿化速率主要受土壤温度的影响;海拔间移植实验导致的温度增加显著提高了土壤净氮矿化速率;基于海拔4200m开展的移植实验表明土壤净氮矿化速率的Q_(10)值达到3.4,这大约是基于海拔4000和3800m的Q_(10)值的两倍。

关键词：高山生态系统土壤样方移栽增温氮矿化速率温度敏感性

Elevational Floral Size Variation in Prunella vulgaris

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第13期6卷 2085-2091页

作者： Shin Egawa mitsuru Hattori Takao Itino Department of Biology Faculty of Science Shinshu University Nagano Matsumoto Japan Institute of Mountain Science Shinshu University Nagano Matsumoto Japan

Floral size is potentially influenced by local pollinators’ body size. As pollinator fauna and size often change with elevation, correlation between elevational variation of pollinator size and floral size is expected. We investigated the variation of floral size in Prunella vulgaris L. (Laminaceae) and the variation of their pollinator fauna along an elevational gradient. We measured the floral size of four traits: corolla length (CL), corolla tube length (CTL), corolla width (CW), and calyx length (CAL), in 23 populations, and found that CL and CTL were negatively correlated with elevation, and CW and CAL were not. Six bumblebee species visited the flower, and the visiting bee fauna differed among populations;the smallest and the largest bumblebee species visited the high elevational range (above 1800 m a. s. l.) populations, and the largest and the second largest bumblebee species visited the middle elevational range (1400 - 1800 m a. s. l.). Although abiotic factors can potentially affect floral size, the fact that we do not find an elevational decrease in CW and CAL suggests that the elevational change in P. vulgaris’s CL and CTL reflects the local pollinator size.

关键词： Bumblebee Flower Size Geographic Trait Variation Pollinator Fauna

Geographic Flower Trait Variation of Aquilegia buergerianaSieb. et Zucc. var. buergerianaon Mt. Norikura and the Utsukushigahara Highland, Japan

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 2686-2692页

作者： mitsuru Hattori Yusuke Nagano Takao Itino Department of Biology Faculty of Science Shinshu University Matsumoto Japan Institute of Mountain Science Shinshu University Matsumoto Japan

Many studies have argued the importance of the flower-pollinator size matching for flower trait diversification. However, non-pollinator agents may also influence flower traits. In this study, we investigated the altitudinal variation of flower size (spur length, stamen length, petal blade length, corolla diameter, and sepal length) and flower visitors of Aquilegia buergeriana var. buergeriana (long-spurred columbine) in central Japan. Although this species was primarily visited by Bombus consobrinus, which has an unvarying mouthpart length, flower sizes varied greatly among populations with no correlation with altitude. These results suggest that non-pollinator and non-meteorological agents, directly and/or indirectly, impose selection pressure on flower size in A. buergeriana.

关键词： Bumblebee Flower Visitor Composition Plant-Pollinator Interaction Ranunculaceae

Preparation of Composite Particles Made of Biodegradable Polymer and a Few Additives with Phase Separation Followed by Drying-in-Liquid

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2015年第1期5卷 11-20页

作者： mitsuru Kutsuwada Yoshinari Taguchi Masato Tanaka Graduate School of Science and Technology Niigata University Niigata Japan

It was tried to prepare the biodegradable composite particles by the phase separation method followed by the drying-in-liquid method. The composite particles were made of poly-ε-caprolac-tone, quaternary ammonium, carbon black and wax. In the experiment, acetone and water were selected as a good solvent and a poor solvent for poly-ε-caprolactone, quaternary ammonium and wax, respectively. The composite particles were prepared by changing the surfactant species and their concentration, the feeding velocity of water and the weight ratio of poly-ε-caprolactone with larger molecular weight to one with smaller molecular weight. The composite particles with the inner structure in which carbon black, quaternary ammonium and wax were coated well with poly-ε-caprolactone could be prepared by the preparation method presented in this study. The structure and the mean diameter of composite particles were strongly affected by the feeding velocity of water. The higher the feeding velocity of water, the larger the mean diameter of composite particles. The mean diameter was drastically decreased with the surfactant concentration and increased with the added amount of poly-ε-caprolactant with larger molecular weight.

关键词： Biodegradable Composite Particles Phase Separation Drying-in-Liquid Poly-ε-Caprolactone Microencapsulation

Insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF binding protein-3, and the risk of esophageal cancer in a nested case-control study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第19期23卷 3488-3495页

作者： Yasushi Adachi Masanori Nojima mitsuru Mori Kentaro Yamashita Hiro-o Yamano Hiroshi Nakase Takao Endo Kenji Wakai Kiyomi Sakata Akiko Tamakoshi Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Sapporo Medical University The Institute of Medical Science Hospital The University of Tokyo Department of Public Health Sapporo Medical UniversitySchool of Medicine Department of Preventive Medicine Nagoya UniversityGraduate School of Medicine Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Iwate Medical University School of Medicine Department of Public Health Hokkaido University School of Medicine

To assess the relationship between serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1)/IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) and the risk of esophageal *** assessed the relationship between the serum levels of these molecules and the risk of esophageal cancer in a prospective, nested case-control study of participants from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. A baseline survey was conducted from 1988 to 1990. Of the 110585 enrolled participants, 35% donated blood samples. Those who had been diagnosed with esophageal cancer were considered cases for nested case-control studies. A conditional logistic model was used to estimate odds ratios for the incidence of esophageal cancer associated with serum IGF1 and IGFBP3 ***-one cases and 86 controls were eligible for the present assessment. The molar ratio of IGF1/IGFBP3, which represents the free and active form of IGF1, was not correlated with the risk of esophageal carcinoma. A higher molar difference between IGFBP3 and IGF1, which estimates the free form of IGFBP3, was associated with a decreased risk of esophageal carcinoma (P = 0.0146), and people in the highest tertile had the lowest risk (OR = 0.107, 95%CI: 0.017-0.669). After adjustment for body mass index, tobacco use, and alcohol intake, the molar difference of IGFBP3-IGF1 was inversely correlated with the risk of esophageal carcinoma (P = 0.0150).CONCLUSIONThe free form of IGFBP3, which is estimated by this molar difference, may be inversely associated with esophageal cancer incidence.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Insulin-like growth factor Insulin-like growth factor binding protein Nested case-control study Odds ratio

Metabolite Profile of Lactic Acid-Fermented Soymilk

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第11期9卷 1327-1340页

作者： Maki Kobayashi Tomoyo Shima mitsuru Fukuda Department of Nutrition School of Nutrition Kobegakuin University Kobe Japan Research Institute Marusan-Ai Co. Ltd. Okazaki Japan Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences Mukogawa Women’s University Nishinomiya Japan

Isoflavone aglycone-rich soymilk fermented by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, strain TUA-4408L (F4408) has stronger lipid metabolism-modulating effects than isoflavone aglycone-poor soymilk fermented by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, strain TUA-4404L (F4404). As such, fermentation products other than isoflavone aglycones may also exert lipid metabolism-modulating effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the metabolites in soymilk (SM), F4404, and F4408 via a metabolomics approach. Various aglycones including isoflavones, flavones, flavonols, and flavanones increased in both F4404 and F4408 compared with SM. The increases in isoflavone and flavanone aglycones were greater in F4408 than in F4404. Some types of dipeptides and free amino acids, especially ornithine, increased in both fermented soymilks. The increase in free amino acids, especially ornithine, was higher in F4408 than in F4404. Thus, F4408 exhibited stronger glycosidase and protease activities than F4404. Functional components produced by lactic acid fermentation are known to improve lipid metabolism. Therefore, it is suggested that not only isoflavone aglycones but also other functional components exert lipid metabolism-modulating effects in fermented soymilks, especially soymilk fermented using TUA-4408L.

关键词： Fermented Soymilk Metabolite Polyphenol Aglycone Ornithine

Evaluation of Measurement Accuracy of Underground Thermometers Using Steel-Pipe Piles

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2016年第7期10卷 385-391页

作者： Masahito Oguma Ayako Funabiki mitsuru Endo Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Nihon University Koriyama 963-8642 Japan

For ground source heat utilization systems, pile heat exchangers are sometimes used. In order for these systems to achieve high performance, control of the system dynamics is important, and the underground temperature must he known. Typically, underground temperature is measured using a thermometer in a borehole. However, in the case of pile heat exchangers, a different method is required, making the system expensive to set up. To overcome this problem, the installation of underground thermometers in the heat exchanger piles themselves is proposed in the present study. The proposed thermometer system consists of thermocouples packed in grout such as silica sand within the piles. However, there is a possibility of measurement errors due to vertical thermal conduction in the steel pipes, and it is important to estimate the measurement accuracy before the development of this system. In the present study, the measurement accuracy is estimated using numerical simulations and then confirmed experimentally. The underground temperature profiles inside and outside the pile are compared. The results indicate that the proposed system offers sufficient accuracy for application to pile heat exchangers.

关键词： Heat conduction underground thermometer pile heat exchanger.

Mn^(2+)与聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺相互作用的光谱研究

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光谱学与光谱分析 2005年第10期25卷 1591-1594页

作者：郭绍芬陈明清陆天虹黄晓华 mitsuru Akashi 江南大学化学与材料工程学院江苏无锡214036 南京师范大学化学与环境科学学院鹿儿岛大学工学院应用化学系

合成了聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAAm)与Mn2+的配合物,并用荧光光谱、紫外-可见光谱及FTIR进行了初步表征。光谱数据说明Mn2+与PNIPAAm羰基氧发生了配位键合作用。由于Mn2+的发射光谱与PNIPAAm激发光谱部分重叠及Mn2+位于561 nm的发射峰在... 详细信息

合成了聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAAm)与Mn2+的配合物,并用荧光光谱、紫外-可见光谱及FTIR进行了初步表征。光谱数据说明Mn2+与PNIPAAm羰基氧发生了配位键合作用。由于Mn2+的发射光谱与PNIPAAm激发光谱部分重叠及Mn2+位于561 nm的发射峰在Mn2+-PNIPAAm体系发射光谱中消失,说明发生了较好的F rster能量传递。Mn2+-PNIPAAm配合物体系在307 nm紫外区荧光强度比PNIPAAm增强了314%。

关键词： Mn^2+ 聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺能量传递光谱重叠