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Incidence of Oxa23 and Oxa51 Genes Associated with Bacterial Isolated from Patients with Urosepsis: Single Centre Prespective

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2022年第3期12卷 85-96页

作者： Salma Omer Ibrahim Elimam M. A. Mohammed Sami Mahjoub Taha Sanaa Mohammed Yousif Hajir Omer Omer Omer mirghani seif-elnasr Seitelbanat Yassin Yousif Abdelhameed Mohammed Omer Abu Elhasan Mohamed Taj-Eldin Adam Dawoud Abakar Elhadi Abdalla Ahmed Salaheldein G. Elzaki Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Lab Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Urology Faculty of Medicine University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan National Blood Bank Ministry of Health Khartoum Sudan University Hospital Galway Galway Ireland Department of Urology Gezira Hospital for Renal Disease and Surgery Wad Medani Sudan Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Clinical Chemistry National Cancer Institute University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Microbiology Wad Medani College for Medical Science and Technology Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Epidemiology Tropical Medicine Research Institute Khartoum Sudan

Background: Urosepsis is one of the most common infections that require empirical broad spectrum antibiotics immediately after diagnosis. This has led to development of bacterial resistance by acquiring the capability to destroy the β-lactam ring. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 at Gezira Hospital for Renal diseases and surgery (GHRDS). A hundred patients were diagnosed clinically with urosepsis and the isolated organisms were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The susceptibility test was conducted by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique according to clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines. Seventy eight samples of bacterial genomic DNA were confirmed by 16srRNA and multiplex PCR, were performed for genotypic blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 gene characterization of isolated bacteria. Then gel electrophoresis was used to identify the presence or absence of (blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23) genes. Results: 88.5% (69/78) in 16srRNA detected. Using multiplex PCR, the frequencies of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes were 13% and 10.1%, respectively. The percentages of isolates which yielded both blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 among P. aeruginosa was 25% (1/4), among K. pneumonia was 17% (1/6), and among E. coli was 8% (3/37). Only blaOXA-51 was detected in P. mirabilis 10% (1/10) and only blaOXA-23 was detected in S. aureus 5% (1/18). Conclusion: In this study, the presence of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes was increased in the isolated bacteria.

关键词： Urosepsis Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23

Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists:Role of the gut in hypoglycemia unawareness,and the rationale in type 1 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第11期15卷 2167-2172页

作者： Hyder O mirghani Internal Medicine University of TabukTabuk 51941TabukSaudi Arabia

Type 1 diabetes is increasing and the majority of patients have poor glycemic *** advanced technology and nanoparticle use have greatly enhanced insulin delivery and glucose monitoring,weight gain and hypoglycemia remain major challenges and a constant source of concern for patients with type 1 *** 1 diabetes shares some pathophysiology with type 2 diabetes,and an overlap has been *** above observation created great interest in glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1)as adjuvants for type 1 *** trials confirmed the positive influence of GLP-1 agonists onβcell ***,hypoglycemia unawareness and dysregulated glucagon response have been previously reported in patients with recurrent hypoglycemia using GLP-1 *** et al found that the source of glucagon dysregulation due to GLP-1 agonists resides in the *** explanations could be gut nervous system dysregulation or gut microbiota *** review evaluates the potential of GLP-1 agonists in managing type 1 diabetes,particularly focusing on their impact on glycemic control,weight management,and glucagon *** provide a broader insight into the problem of type 1 diabetes mellitus management in the light of recent findings and provide future research directions.

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Glucagon response Hypoglycemia unawareness Gut Type 1 diabetes

Gestational diabetes from A to Z

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第12期8卷 489-511页

作者： AbdelHameed mirghani Dirar John Doupis Prince Abdel Aziz Bin Musaad Hospital Diabetes and Endocrinology Center Iatriko Paleou Falirou Medical Center Division of Diabetes and Clinical Research Center Postgraduate Diabetes Education Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine Cardiff University School of Medicine

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) is defined as any degree of hyperglycaemia that is recognized for the first time during pregnancy. This definition includes cases of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) identified early in pregnancy and true GDM which develops later. GDM constitutes a greater impact on diabetes epidemic as it carries a major risk of developing T2 DM to the mother and foetus later in life. In addition, GDM has also been linked with cardiometabolic risk factors such as lipid abnormalities, hypertensive disorders and hyperinsulinemia. These might result in later development of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. The understanding of the different risk factors, the pathophysiological mechanisms and the genetic factors of GDM, will help us to identify the women at risk, to develop effective preventive measures and to provide adequate management of the disease. Clinical trials have shown that T2 DM can be prevented in women with prior GDM, by intensive lifestyle modification and by using pioglitazone and metformin. However, a matter of controversy surrounding both screening and management of GDM continues to emerge, despite several recent welldesigned clinical trials tackling these issues. The aim of this manuscript is to critically review GDM in a detailed and comprehensive manner, in order to provide a scientific analysis and updated write-up of different related aspects.

关键词： Diabetes in pregnancy Diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus Gestational diabetes mellitus-related comorbidities Genetics of gestational diabetes mellitus Gestational diabetes mellitus Lipids abnormalities in gestational diabetes mellitus Management of gestational diabetes mellitus Medical nutrition therapy Pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus Risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus

Comparative study of the characterisation and extraction techniques of polyphenolic compounds from Acacia seyal gum

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第1期6卷 24-33页

作者： Ahmed A.M.Elnour Mohamed E.S.mirghani Nassereldeen A.Kabbashi Khalid Hamid Musa Fahimeh Shahabipour Nureddin Ashammakhi Nour Hamid Abdurahman International Institute for Halal Research and Training International Islamic University MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Centre Biotechnology Engineering DepartmentKuliyah of EngineeringInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of Gum Arabic&Desertification Studies University of KordofanElobiedSudan Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineQassim UniversityBuraydahKingdom of SaudiArabia Skin Research Centre Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Bioengineering Henry Samueli School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow University Malaysia PahangGambangMalaysia

Background Acacia seyal gum(ASG)is an abundant source of natural polyphenolic compounds(NPPCs)and antioxidant activity with numerous benefits and is often used in cancer *** type of extraction technique can significantly impact the yield and isolation of NPPCs from *** traditional use of maceration extraction reportedly yields fewer *** This study investigated five extraction techniques for NPPCs and ASG antioxidant activity,namely:homogenisation,shaking,ultrasonication,magneticstirring,*** and methods The evaluation of the antioxidant activity(AoA)of the extracted NPPCs from ASG used five assays,namely:total flavonoids content,Folin-Ciocalteu index,2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity,ferric reducing antioxidant power,and cupric *** To minimise the data set dimensionality requires principal component *** ultrasonic and maceration techniques were the best techniques to extract NPPCs and examine the AoA of ASG,with a high correlation between the NPPCs and ***,the maceration process was slow(12 h)compared to ultrasonication(1 h).Slow extraction can result in a decline of the NPPCs due to polyphenol oxidase-enzyme and impact *** These findings provide an essential guide for the choice of extraction techniques for the effective extraction of NPPCs from ASG and other plant materials.

关键词： Polyphenolic extraction gum Arabic comparison of techniques principal component analysis ultrasonication

The Bowati in Kordofan, Sudan: Unique Aquatic Ecosystems of a Non-Nilotic In-Land Delta

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第12期12卷 1204-1217页

作者： Osman mirghani M. Ali Yasin Abadelsalam Elhajaz Institute of Environmental Studies University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Africa International University Khartoum Sudan

This paper describes the unique in-land, non-Nilotic delta of Wadi El Galla, a seasonal water course which originates in the Nuba Mountains of Kordofan region and terminates in a chain of small ponds each known locally as a Bouta (pl Bowati). The Bowati are inhabited by a community of aquatic plants forming a wide spectrum ranging from small true (Euophytes) to large woody trees. The euophytes encountered were grouped into six categories. The free-floating species were represented by the small Lemna purpusilla Torr. and the larger Pistia stratiotes L. while only one submerged species was found: Ottelia alismoides (Planch.) Welp. One suspended species was found, Utricularia stellaris L. F. Three species of the floating-leaved plants were encountered namely, Nymphaea lotus L., N. micrantha Guill. & Perrott and Nymphoides nilotica (Kotschy & Peyr.) Léonard. The emergent Limnophyton obtusifolium (L.) Miq. was very prominent in all the Bowat constituting with N. lotus the two dominant species. Trailing from the Bouta edge and forming thick mats on the open water is Neptunia oleracea Lour., a member of the Fabaceae family. Within these euophytes and towering to over ten meters is the woody tree Mitragyna inermis Kuntze. Some of herbaceous plants are a source of food for the local community such as the bulbils of Nymphaea micrantha. These meagrely studied ecosystems are under threat from natural and anthropogenic factors. The former are the recurrent drought, climate change, and the latter are due to urbanization, overexploitation and oil activities. There is an urgent need for delineating and mapping the geomorphology, drainage patterns of Al Muglad in-land delta as well as the number and sites of the Bowati. The taxonomy of the aquatic species, their nutritive and medicinal values are other areas of research. Within such a context, a concerted national and international endeavour is called for t

关键词： In-Land Delta Seasonal Ponds Bowati Aquatic Macrophytes

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两种药用植物化学成分的研究

两种药用植物化学成分的研究

作者： Iman Omer Mohamed mirghani 西北师范大学

学位级别：硕士

本论文包括三章:第1章:引言本章主要介绍了天然产物的涵义,及其来源和人类生活中的重要性。第2章:牛角瓜化学成分的研究利用传统的分离技术,从采自海南的药用植物Calotropis gigantea中分离得到了7个化合物,并通过现代波谱分析方法,包括... 详细信息

本论文包括三章:第1章:引言本章主要介绍了天然产物的涵义,及其来源和人类生活中的重要性。第2章:牛角瓜化学成分的研究利用传统的分离技术,从采自海南的药用植物Calotropis gigantea中分离得到了7个化合物,并通过现代波谱分析方法,包括1D,2D-NMR,MS,IR等,鉴定了这九个化合物的结构。分别是:蒲公英甾醇乙酸酯(C),α-香树乙酸酯(C),α-香树辛酸酯(C),11-酮-α-香树乙酸酯(C)11,12-环氧蒲公英甾醇乙酸酯(C),日尔曼醇乙酸酯(C),Calotropisis(C).其中,化合物C7为新化合物。第3章:苏丹药用植物Ziziphus spina-christi化学成分研究从采自苏丹的药用植物Ziziphus spina-christi中分离得到了3个化合物,并通过现代波谱分析方法,鉴定了它们的结构。分别是:羽扇豆醇,羽扇酮和β-胡萝卜甙。

关键词：药用植物 Calotropis gigantea Ziziphus spina-christi 化学成分

Optimization of <i>Jatropha</i>Biodiesel Production by Response Surface Methodology

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2021年第1期11卷 23-37页

作者： Nurudeen Ishola Mohammed Nassereldeen Ahmed Kabbashi Md Zahangir Alam Mohamed Elwathig S. mirghani Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Centre (BERC) Department of Biotechnology Engineering Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department School of Engineering RMIT University Victoria Australia International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART) (IIUM) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Cost of biodiesel is primarily because of factors such as the feedstock, production process and materials. Apparently, the final biodiesel product is a bit expensive compared to fossil diesel fuel. While non-food feedstock of high oil content such as Jatropha curcas has been proposed to reduce the cost due to the feedstock, a promising two-step approach of hydro-esterification can possibly offset the production cost for oil resource with high free fatty acids. Most importantly, optimization of the materials and process is expected to reduce wastage, enhance product purity and generate less wastewater. However, optimizing product generation has been dauntingly elusive because several parameters are needed to be considered holistically. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the yield and conversion of Jatropha biodiesel from J. curcas hydrolysate. An optimum Yield and conversion of 96% was achieved for both responses with an optimum temperature value of 60°C, 4 wt% for catalyst loading for 6 hrs reaction time. Findings imply that optimization study of Jatropha curcas hydrolysate for yield and conversion of fatty acid methyl esters using face centered central composite design of Design Expert 6.0.8 can ensure purity of product, conserve energy and reduce waste generation providing a significant frontier in biodiesel pricing.

关键词： Jatropha curcas Esterification Optimization Yield Conversion

Assessment of Drugs’ Donation Practices in Sudan

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2012年第1期3卷 113-118页

作者： Jacob L. Doro Asim F Mustafa Ahmed S. Eldalo mirghani A. Yousif 不详

The quality requirements of drug donation are different from those of other donated items. Purpose: To describe and assess key aspects of pharmaceutical donations in Sudan, the kinds of benefits and drawbacks associated with drug donations, and the government controlling role in the donation process. Methods: Retrospective and prospective studies were conducted in the period from April 2007 to Mar 2008 in the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) and some working NGOs’ data bases. Some quality aspects of donated drugs were explored. Six randomly selected nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) were examined for the relevance and some aspects of quality of donated drugs such as whether the donated drugs were listed in the National Essential Drug List, or labeled in International Nonproprietary Names, their dosage forms, the language on the package and if the donated drugs were sampled or returned ones. Results: The study showed that most of the donated drugs were relevant to NEDL normative standards. The median times from the date of arrival to the date of expiration were more than 400 days. The time prior to expiration range between 44.8% and 47.5% were found less than one year in arrival. The top ten therapies were accounted for about 40 shipped items. The study was revealed that Sudan did not develop its own guidelines for drug donations and NGOs are making no effort to develop written donation policies. Conclusion: development of national guidelines for drug donations is essential to control the donated drugs in Sudan.

关键词： Assessment Drug Donation Practices Sudan

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Rapid Initial Diagnostic Test for SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 241-251页

作者： Mohammed Suleiman Zaroog Dalal Altag Abdalaaty Asad Adam Abbas Nassir Abakar Babiker Alia mirghani Ahmed Waddah Aljaely Mohammed Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Faculty of Medicine University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Blue Nile National Institute for Communicable Diseases University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Ministry of Health Gezira State Sudan Medical Laboratory Faculty of Medicine University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Gezira Isolation Center Ministry of Health Gezira State Sudan

Background: Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 assay remains the common test used to detect the coronavirus infection worldwide. Complete blood count (CBC) is a rapid and cost-effective test compared to RT-PCR, thus, it would be worthy to find a hematological indicator for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Objectives: This study aims to assess the efficacy of CBC indices as an initial diagnostic test for coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection, which might be helpful during the outbreak of the disease. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, hospital based and case control study was carried out at Gezira isolation center for COVID-19, Gezira State, Sudan in the period from January to May 2021. A total of 178 COVID-19 patients with positive RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 assay result and another 178 volunteers of apparently healthy people were included in this study. CBC as well as D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) were recorded from patient’s file and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were calculated. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Results: Neutrophil percentage, total white blood cells (TWBCs) and platelet (PLT) were higher in the COVID-19 patients compared to their control, whereas, lymphocyte and monocyte showed lower percentages among the COVID-19 patients. Although the differences that observed in the means of PLT, neutrophils and monocytes between the case and control group were significant, all these mean values of both groups were lying within the normal range. On the other hand, there was a highly significant elevation in NLR and PLR and quite good increasing in LMR level among COVID-19 patients compared to their control. The results of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve of NLR, PLR and LMR were 0.948 (P. value = 0.00, 95% CI: 0.925 - 0.972), 0.925 (P. value = 0.00

关键词： COVID-19 CBC NLR PLR LMR