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Genetic diversity and DNA fingerprinting in jute(Corchorus spp.) based on SSR markers

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The Crop Journal 2015年第5期3卷 416-422页

作者： Liwu Zhang Rongrong Cai minhang yuan Aifen Tao Jiantang Xu Lihui Lin Pingping Fang Jianmin Qi College of Crop Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops/Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design

Genetic diversity analysis and DNA finger printing are very useful in breeding programs,seed conservation and management. Jute(Corchorus spp.) is the second most important natural fiber crop after cotton. DNA fingerprinting studies in jute using SSR markers are limited. In this study, 58 jute accessions, including two control varieties(Huangma 179 and Kuanyechangguo) from the official variety registry in China were evaluated with 28 pairs of SSR primers. A total of 184 polymorphic loci were identified. Each primer detected 3 to 15 polymorphic loci, with an average of 6.6. The 58 jute accessions were DNA-fingerprinted with 67 SSR markers from the 28 primer pairs. These markers differentiated the 58 jute accessions from one another, with Co SSR305-120 and Co SSR174-195 differentiating Huangma 179 and Kuanyechangguo, respectively. NTSYS-pc2.10 software was used to analyze the genetic diversity in the 58 jute accessions. Their genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.520 to 0.910 with an average of 0.749, indicating relatively great genetic diversity among them. The 58 jute accessions were divided into four groups with the coefficient 0.710 used as a value for classification, consistent with their species and pedigrees. All these results may be useful both for protection of intellectual property rights of jute accessions and for jute improvement.

关键词： Jute Corchorus Simple sequence repeats DNA fingerp

Influence of humidity on bacterial virulence and plant immunity

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Influence of humidity on bacterial virulence and plant immun...

烽火狼烟:水杨酸甲酯介导的植物间通讯和气传性免疫的机制解析

2018全国植物生物学大会

作者： Boying Cai Yezhou Hu minhang yuan Lingya Yao Xiu-Fang Xin Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Sciences(CEPAMS) Chinese Academy of Sciences-John Innes Center

Despite tremendous efforts in breeding and pesticide input,plant diseases caused by pathogenic microbes represent one of the most important threats to global food *** important reason is that we are far from understanding the basic disease susceptibility mechanisms and the molecular basis of the influences of environmental conditions,such as humidity and temperature,on plant *** the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae pathosystem,we discovered that bacterial pathogens such as *** drive the formation of "water soaking" in the leaf intercellular space(apoplast) of infected plants as a key virulence *** pathogen exploits type III effector proteins such as HopM1 and AvrE to create an aqueous apoplast,which provides a conducive environment for aggressive multiplication of the bacterial ***, "water soaking" formation was found to require high humidity,an environmental condition that is long-known to promote numerous plant diseases in the field,thereby providing a critical insight into the humidity effect on pathogen ***,we recently found that high humidity also significantly affects plant immune signalingsuch as salicylic acid(SA) and jasmonic acid(JA) pathways,in both Arabidopsis and rice *** suggests that high humidity promotes infection not only by facilitating bacterial virulence(i.e. "water soaking" formation) but also by affecting plant immunity ***,our research begins to gain molecular insight into an important,but historically understudied aspect of the multi-dimensional "plant-pathogen-environment" interactions.

关键词： bacterial pathogenesis plant immunity humidity type III effectors

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植物学报 2023年第5期58卷 682-686页

作者：袁民航辛秀芳中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心植物生理生态研究所上海200032

蚜虫(aphids)及其携带的病毒是全球农作物生产过程中最具破坏性的病虫害之一。植物一旦被蚜虫侵染,会产生并释放挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),进而通过空气传播至周围植物,激活邻近植物对昆虫和病毒的抗性,称为气传性免疫(AD)。而对于植物如... 详细信息

蚜虫(aphids)及其携带的病毒是全球农作物生产过程中最具破坏性的病虫害之一。植物一旦被蚜虫侵染,会产生并释放挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),进而通过空气传播至周围植物,激活邻近植物对昆虫和病毒的抗性,称为气传性免疫(AD)。而对于植物如何产生挥发性信号分子以及邻近植物如何感知并激活抗病虫的机制尚不清楚。近期,清华大学刘玉乐研究团队在植物间通讯介导邻近植物抗虫和抗病毒研究方面取得了新突破,他们揭示了一条由水杨酸甲酯(MeSA)-水杨酸结合蛋白SABP2-转录因子NAC2-水杨酸羧基甲基转移酶SAMT1组成的信号通路介导邻近植物抗虫和抗病毒能力。该研究还发现由蚜虫传播的一些病毒编码蛋白能够通过与NAC2转录因子互作促进NAC2的出核和降解,从而破坏植物间的信号交流以促进蚜虫及病毒的侵染。该研究全面阐释了蚜虫与其传播的病毒间共同进化的新的互惠关系,填补了植物抗病虫、特别是气传性免疫领域的空白,同时为培育抗虫、抗病毒作物提供了新思路及潜在基因。

关键词：植物间通讯气传性免疫蚜虫病毒水杨酸甲酯抗虫抗病毒

Molecular dissection of the influence of humidity on bacterial virulence andplant immunity

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Molecular dissection of the influence of humidity on bacteri...

2018全国植物生物学大会

Despite tremendous efforts in breeding and pesticide input,plant diseases caused by pathogenic microbes represent one of the most important threats to global food *** important reason is that we are far from understanding the basic disease susceptibility mechanisms and the molecular basis of the influences of environmental conditions,such as humidity and temperature,on plant *** the Arabidopsis thalianaPseudomonas syringaepathosystem,we discovered that bacterial pathogens such as *** drive the formation of "water soaking" in the leaf intercellular space(apoplast)of infected plants as a key virulence *** pathogen exploits type Ⅲeffector proteins such as HopM1 and AvrE to create an aqueous apoplast,which provides a conducive environment for aggressive multiplication of the bacterial ***1 induces "water soaking" in part by degrading a plant trafficking regulator protein MIN7,while AvrE seems to exert its function by manipulating two classes of plant enzymes,Protein Phosphatase 1(PP1) and Calcium-dependent Protein Kinases(CDPKs).Moreover, "water soaking" formation was found to require high humidity,an environmental condition that is long-known to promote numerous plant diseases in the field,thereby providing a critical insight into the humidity effect on pathogen ***,we recently found that high humidity also significantly affects plant immune signaling,especially salicylic acid(SA) and jasmonic acid(JA) pathways,in both Arabidopsis and rice *** suggests that high humidity promotes infection not only by facilitating bacterial virulence(i.e. "water soaking" formation) but also by affecting plant immunity ***,our research begins to gain molecular insight into an important,but historically understudied aspect of the multi-dimensional "plant-pathogen-environment" interactions.

关键词： bacterial pathogenesis plant immunity humidity type Ⅲ effectors

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区域弹性的理论与实践研究进展

城市规划学刊 2015年第1期 84-92页

作者：彭翀袁敏航顾朝林彭仲仁华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院城市规划系美国佛罗里达大学清华大学建筑学院美国佛罗里达大学城市与区域规划系

"弹性"正在国际范围内深远地影响着区域空间的发展、重构与规划。今较为深入地探讨了国内外区域弹性的理论与实践研究进展:首先,概括了弹性及区域弹性的概念与空间构成,并从属性、过程和能力三要素的角度,分别简要分析了弹性城市与区域... 详细信息

"弹性"正在国际范围内深远地影响着区域空间的发展、重构与规划。今较为深入地探讨了国内外区域弹性的理论与实践研究进展:首先,概括了弹性及区域弹性的概念与空间构成,并从属性、过程和能力三要素的角度,分别简要分析了弹性城市与区域的空间特征;其次,对目前区域弹性主流的工程、经济、生态和社会四领域在定义、研究背景、研究视角、主要研究方向、主要指标及意义与未来发展等方面进行了梳理;然后,对应属性、过程和能力要素三方面,归纳了目前弹性评估的主要方法与技术;接着,从区域弹性的空间研究、规划与管理等方面对区域弹性的空间实践展开讨论;最后,对国内外主要研究成果进行总结概括,指出目前存在的不足之处,进而探讨未来研究的发展方向。

关键词：区域弹性理论实践研究进展

The origin and evolution of Earth's nitrogen

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 56-75页

作者： yuan Li State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Bayerisches Geoinstitut Universit?t Bayreuth

Nitrogen is a vital element for life on Earth. Its cycling between the surface(atmosphere + crust) and the mantle has a profound influence on the atmosphere and climate. However, our understanding of the origin and evolution of Earth's nitrogen is still incomplete. This review presents an overview of the current understanding of Earth's nitrogen budget and the isotope composition of different reservoirs, laboratory constraints on deep nitrogen geochemistry, and our understanding of the origin of Earth's nitrogen and the deep nitrogen cycle through plate subduction and volcanism. The Earth may have acquired its nitrogen heterogeneously during the main accretion phase, initially from reduced, enstatite-chondrite-like impactors,and subsequently from increasingly oxidized impactors and minimal CI-chondrite-like materials. Like Earth's surface, the mantle and core are also significant nitrogen reservoirs. The nitrogen abundance and isotope composition of these three reservoirs may have been fundamentally established during the main accretion phase and have been insignificantly modified afterwards by the deep nitrogen cycle, although there is a net nitrogen ingassing into Earth's mantle in modern subduction zones. However, it is estimated that the early atmosphere of Earth may have contained ～1.4 times the present-day atmospheric nitrogen(PAN),with ～0.4 PAN being sequestered into the crust via biotic nitrogen fixation. In order to gain a better understanding of the origin and evolution of Earth's nitrogen, directions for future research are suggested.

关键词： nitrogen isotopes silicate Earth atmosphere magma ocean

Robustness of the octupole collectivity in 144Ba within the cranking covariant density functional theory in 3D lattice

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 124-131页

作者： Ze‑Kai Li yuan‑yuan Wang Mathematics and Physics Department North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and Energy Technology North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071000China

The octupole deformation and collectivity in octupole double-magic nucleus 144Ba are investigated using the Cranking covariant density functional theory in a three-dimensional lattice *** reduced B(E3)transition probability is implemented for the first time in semiclassical approximation based on the microscopically calculated electric octupole *** available data,including the I-ωrelation and electric transitional probabilities B(E2)and B(E3)are well ***,it is shown that the ground state of 144Ba exhibits axial octupole and quadrupole deformations that persist up to high spins(I≈24h).

关键词： Octupole collectivity Cranking covariant density functional theory Rotational spectrum Electric transitional probabilities

Collective Molecular Machines: Multidimensionality and Reconfigurability

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 309-340页

作者： Bin Wang yuan Lu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Molecular machines are key to cellular activity where they are involved in converting chemical and light energy into efficient mechanical *** the last 60 years,designing molecular structures capable of generating unidirectional mechanical motion at the nanoscale has been the topic of intense *** progress has been made,attributed to advances in various fields such as supramolecular chemistry,biology and nanotechnology,and ***,individual molecular machines are only capable of producing nanometer work and generally have only a single *** order to address these problems,collective behaviors realized by integrating several or more of these individual mechanical units in space and time have become a new *** this review,we comprehensively discuss recent developments in the collective behaviors of molecular *** particular,collective behavior is divided into two *** is the appropriate integration of molecular machines to efficiently amplify molecular motions and deformations to construct novel functional *** other is the construction of swarming modes at the supramolecular level to perform nanoscale or microscale *** discuss design strategies for both modes and focus on the modulation of features and ***,in order to address existing challenges,the idea of transferring experience gained in the field of micro/nano robotics is presented,offering prospects for future developments in the collective behavior of molecular machines.

关键词： Molecular machines Collective control Collective behaviors DNA Biomolecular motors

Global adaptive output-feedback tracking with prescribed performance for uncertain nonlinear systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 150-164页

作者： yuan WANG Yungang LIU School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University

At present, one typical control strategy for guaranteeing transient and steady-state performance is funnel control and prescribed performance control. The strategy features completely discarding the system nonlinearities, even if they are completely known and available. Such an intrinsic feature requires the controller to produce a larger control effect to eliminate the negative impact caused by the high nonlinearities, leading to a conservative controller. In this paper, we fully take advantage of known information on nonlinearities in control design, instead of completely discarding it as done in funnel control. Particularly, we leverage adaptive techniques(i.e., high-gain dynamic compensation) to deal with unknown system nonlinearities. Meanwhile, we integrate the tools of output feedback, tracking control, and the performance *** such, an adaptive output-feedback scheme is developed for global tracking with spatiotemporal performance specifications: arbitrarily given tracking accuracy and accuracy-ensured time. A simulation example supports the developed approach.

关键词： uncertain nonlinear systems output feedback prescribed performance unknown control direction dynamic high gain global tracking