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Viral Regulation of RNA Granules in Infected Cells

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第2期34卷 175-191页

作者： Qiang Zhang Nishi R. Sharma Zhi-Ming Zheng mingzhou chen State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center College of Life Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072 China Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section RNA Biology Laboratory National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Frederick MD 21702 USA

RNA granules are cytoplasmic, microscopically visible, non-membrane ribo-nucleoprotein structures and are important posttranscriptional regulators in gene expression by controlling RNA translation and stability. TIA/G3BP/PABP-specific stress granules(SG) and GW182/DCP-specific RNA processing bodies(PB) are two major distinguishable RNA granules in somatic cells and contain various ribosomal subunits, translation factors, scaffold proteins, RNA-binding proteins, RNA decay enzymes and helicases to exclude m RNAs from the cellular active translational pool. Although SG formation is inducible due to cellular stress, PB exist physiologically in every cell. Both RNA granules are important components of the host antiviral defense. Virus infection imposes stress on host cells and thus induces SG formation. However, both RNA and DNA viruses must confront the hostile environment of host innate immunity and apply various strategies to block the formation of SG and PB for their effective infection and multiplication. This review summarizes the current research development in the field and the mechanisms of how individual viruses suppress the formation of host SG and PB for virus production.

关键词： Stress granules (SG) P-bodies (PB) RNA virus - DNA virus

The two-stage interaction of Ebola virus VP40 with nucleoprotein results in a switch from viral RNA synthesis to virion assembly/ budding

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Protein & Cell 2022年第2期13卷 120-140页

作者： Linjuan Wu Dongning Jin Dan Wang Xuping Jing Peng Gong Yali Qin mingzhou chen State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

Ebola virus(EBOV)is an enveloped negative-sense RNA virus and a member of the filovirus ***(NP)expression alone leads to the formation of inclusion bodies(IBs),which are critical for viral RNA *** matrix protein,VP40,not only plays a critical role in virus assembly/budding,but also can regulate transcription and replication of the viral ***,the molecular mechanism by which VP40 regulates viral RNA synthesis and virion assembly/budding is ***,we show that within IBs the N-terminus of NP recruits VP40 and is required for VLP-containing NP ***,we find four point mutations(L692A,P697A,P698A and W699A)within the C-terminal hydrophobic core of NP result in a stronger VP40–NP interaction within IBs,sequestering VP40 within IBs,reducing VP40–VLP egress,abolishing the incorporation of NC-like structures into VP40–VLP,and inhibiting viral RNA synthesis,suggesting that the interaction of N-terminus of NP with VP40 induces a conformational change in the C-terminus of ***,the C-terminal hydrophobic core of NP is exposed and binds VP40,thereby inhibiting RNA synthesis and initiating virion assembly/budding.

关键词： Ebola virus nucleoprotein matrix protein two-stage interaction RNA synthesis nucleocapsid assembly/budding

The nonstructural protein 2C of Coxsackie B virus has RNA helicase and chaperoning activities

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第5期37卷 656-663页

作者： Ziyu chen Xiaobei Xiong Yiyang Li Muhan Huang Yujie Ren Di Wu Yang Qiu mingzhou chen Ting Shu Xi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Virology College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100081China

RNA-remodeling proteins,including RNA helicases and chaperones,play vital roles in the remodeling of structured *** viral replication,viruses require RNA-remodeling proteins to facilitate proper folding and/or re-folding the viral RNA *** B3(CVB3)and Coxsackieviruses B5(CVB5),belonging to the genus Enterovirus in the family Picornaviridae,have been reported to cause various infectious diseases such as hand-foot-and-mouth disease,aseptic meningitis,and viral ***,little is known about whether CVB3 and CVB5 encode any RNA remodeling *** this study,we showed that 2C proteins of CVB3 and CVB5 contained the conserved SF3 helicase A,B,and C motifs,and functioned not only as RNA helicase that unwound RNA helix bidirectionally in an NTP-dependent manner,but also as RNA chaperone that remodeled structured RNAs and facilitated RNA strand annealing independently of *** addition,we determined that the NTPase activity and RNA helicase activity of 2C proteins of CVB3 and CVB5 were dependent on the presence of divalent metallic *** findings demonstrate that 2C proteins of CVBs possess RNA-remodeling activity and underline the functional importance of 2C protein in the life cycle of CVBs.

关键词： 2C protein Coxsackieviruses B3(CVB3) Coxsackieviruses B5(CVB5) NTPase RNA helicase RNA chaperon

SARS-CoV-2 promote autophagy to suppress type I interferon response

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1661-1663页

作者： Xianfeng Hui Linliang Zhang Lei Cao Kun Huang Ya Zhao Yufei Zhang Xi chen Xian Lin mingzhou chen Meilin Jin State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyWuhanChina

Dear Editor,The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 leads global epidemic with high morbidity and ***,the pathophysiology of this deadly virus is complex and largely *** is a highly conserved homeostatic process that allows cells to recycle their *** studies provided evidence that human coronavirus infections are closely related to various cellular aspects associated with autophagy.1 Autophagy may play a crucial role in the SARS-CoV-2 viral lifecycle.

关键词： mortality interferon morbidity

STUDY ON A PRECISE ON-SPOT CALIBRATION METHOD FOR DISTRIBUTED STEREO REFERENCE POSITION-SETTING

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2002年第4期15卷 324-327页

作者： Wang Zhong Kou Xinyu chen mingzhou Ye ShenghuaState Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072, ChinaXiong ChunbaoTianjin University Tianjin University State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments 天津 300072

A high precision method used for on-spot calibration of distributed stereoreference position setting is presented. The high measuring accuracy in stereo reference calibrationis derived from using a high precision water level instrument and an accurate height verniercaliper. It settles the problem of reference calibration effectively and accurately, without usinglarge coordinate measuring machines (CMM). It is more adaptable and precise than traditionalcalibration methods applying theodolites or autocollimators. The error sources of this method areanalyzed in detail and several methods are developed to eliminate the calibration *** swallowtail-like anchor target is developed. Experiments show that the calibrationaccuracy can be limited within 0.06 mm in the range of 3～5 m and 0.03 mm with optimizing anchortarget. This method can be widely used in on-spot calibration.

关键词： position setting reference calibration water level on-spot inspection error analysis

PABP-driven secondary condensed phase within RSV inclusion bodies activates viral mRNAs for ribosomal recruitment

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 235-250页

作者： Qiang Zhang Hanzhe Ye Cong Liu Haiwu Zhou Mingbin He Xiaodong Liang Yu Zhou Kun Wang Yali Qin Zhifei Li mingzhou chen State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory Wuhan430200China

Inclusion bodies(IBs)of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)are formed by liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS)and contain internal structures termed“IB-associated granules”(IBAGs),where anti-termination factor M2-1 and viral mRNAs are ***,the mechanism of IBAG formation and the physiological function of IBAGs are ***,we found that the internal structures of RSV IBs are actual M2-1-free viral messenger ribonucleoprotein(mRNP)condensates formed by secondary ***,the RSV nucleoprotein(N)and M2-1 interact with and recruit PABP to IBs,promoting PABP to bind viral mRNAs transcribed in IBs by RNArecognition motif and drive secondary phase ***,PABP-eIF4G1 interaction regulates viral mRNP condensate composition,thereby recruiting specific translation initiation factors(eIF4G1,eIF4E,eIF4A,eIF4B and eIF4H)into the secondary condensed phase to activate viral mRNAs for ribosomal *** study proposes a novel LLPS-regulated translation mechanism during viral infection and a novel antiviral strategy via targeting on secondary condensed phase.

关键词： Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) Inclusion bodies(IBs) Biomolecular condensates Liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS) Secondary condensed phase mRNA activation

Optical trapping with structured light: a review

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Advanced Photonics 2021年第3期3卷 4-43页

作者： Yuanjie Yang Yu-Xuan Ren mingzhou chen Yoshihiko Arita Carmelo Rosales-Guzmán University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of PhysicsChengduChina University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHong Kong SARChina University of St Andrews SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomySt AndrewsUnited Kingdom Chiba University Molecular Chirality Research CenterChibaJapan Centro de Investigaciones enÓptica A.C.LeónGuanajuatoMexico Harbin University of Science and Technology Wang Da-Heng Collaborative Innovation Center for Quantum Manipulation and ControlHarbinChina

Optical trapping describes the interaction between light and matter to manipulate micro-objects through momentum *** the case of 3D trapping with a single beam,this is termed optical *** tweezers are a powerful and noninvasive tool for manipulating small objects,and have become indispensable in many fields,including physics,biology,soft condensed matter,among *** the early days,optical trapping was typically accomplished with a single Gaussian *** recent years,we have witnessed rapid progress in the use of structured light beams with customized phase,amplitude,and polarization in optical *** beam properties,such as phase singularities on-axis and propagation invariant nature,have opened up novel capabilities to the study of micromanipulation in liquid,air,and *** summarize the recent advances in the field of optical trapping using structured light beams.

关键词： optical trapping structured beams vortex beam optical angular momentum.

Distribution and Damage of Alien Weed Mikania micranthain in Huiyang District of China

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2013年第3期4卷 49-53页

作者： Gao Xuhua chen mingzhou Huang Jian Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute

[ Objective ] The paper was to understand distribution and damage of alien weed Mikania micramhaln in Huiyang District of China. [ Method ] The coverage, nearby water sources, surrounding plants and control status of M. micranthain under different habitats in Huiyang District were surveyed. [ Result] M. micrantha grew violently in the habitats of irrigation ditches, orchard, field edge and wasteland with the coverage ranging from 10% to 90%. It grew more seriously around water sources and was very likely to recur after control. The wild growth of M. micranthaln was harmful to local agriculture, forestry and fishery. The com- prehensive control measures combing artificial control, chemical control, biological control and ecological control should be adopted in different habitats. [ Conclusion] The study orovided basis for comorehensive control and invasion risk assessment of M. micranthain.

关键词： Mikania micrantha Investigation Huiyang District Comprehensive control

指向深度学习的表现性评价——访斯坦福大学评价、学习与公平中心主任Ray Pecheone教授

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全球教育展望 2017年第7期46卷 3-9页

作者：周文叶陈铭洲华东师范大学课程与教学研究所

探索以"表现性评价"为代表的新型评价模式,是基于核心素养的课程发展直面的挑战。设计良好的表现性评价能更好地评价批判性思维、有效沟通和发表学术见解等能力,弥补传统客观纸笔测验主要关注肤浅学习和基本技能的不足。镶嵌于课程与教... 详细信息

探索以"表现性评价"为代表的新型评价模式,是基于核心素养的课程发展直面的挑战。设计良好的表现性评价能更好地评价批判性思维、有效沟通和发表学术见解等能力,弥补传统客观纸笔测验主要关注肤浅学习和基本技能的不足。镶嵌于课程与教学的表现性评价,对教师和学生会更有"教育性"。实施课程嵌入式的表现性评价,一方面要提升教师的评价素养,另一方面需要专业力量来确保评价是"值得信任",同时还要在高利害评价中使用表现性评价。

关键词：深度学习核心素养表现性评价质量