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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第10期30卷 77-87,I0003页

作者： Qiliang Wu Zheng Li Xuhan Zhang Chenyu Xu mingjiang ni Kefa Cen Yanwei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton ABT6G 1H9Canada

Oxygen vacancy(Vo)is a significant component in defect *** present work reports the anchoring effects of initial Vo for further loading modifications and the reducing capacity of photoinduced Vo for pure water ***,we propose ni-loaded Cu-doped TiO_(2)(NCT)materials by successive doping and *** continuously added ni ions should accumulate around the Vos and gradually grow into complete nickel oxide crystals,achieving a higher average valence state of the ni *** crystals can be detected on a 0.5%NCT sample,while the structure of ni_(2)O_(3) has been confirmed with a higher nickel mass ***,the introduction of nickel oxide effectively improves the photochemical and electrochemical performance by the interface charge separation,finally reaching an H2 yield of 30.6 pmol/g-cat on 0.5%NCT for Vo-based photo-thermal coupling reaction,which consists of Vo generation in photo and Vo consumption in thermal *** situ infrared spectroscopy further indicated that the presence of high valence state nickel oxide hindered the H2 formation but effectively promoted the conventional oxidizing reaction,with an H2 yield of 20.6 mmol/g-cat in a methanol-water reaction on the 2.0%NCT *** summary,Vo controls the morphological structure of ni loading and produces diverse effects for reactions with dissimilar mechanisms,which provides a novel way to design modifications for promoting various chemical reactions.

关键词： Oxygen vacancy nickel oxide Water splitting Photo-thermal coupling reaction DFT calculation

Influence of chlorine on methane oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第9期21卷 1315-1320页

作者： CHI Yong WANG Bo YAN Jianhua ni mingjiang Institute for Thermal Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China. School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China

Experiments on CH4/Cl2/O2/N2 oxidation were conducted in an atmospheric pressure flow reactor to understand the influence of chlorine on hydrocarbon oxidation in hazardous waste incineration. The reaction temperature varied from 973 to 1273 K and the chlorine to hydrogen mole ratio （Cl/H） of the irdet mixture varied from 0 to 0.44. The species produced in the reaction were measured online with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）. It was found that the destruction and removal efficiency of CH4 increased with Clfl-I mole ratio. Increasing Cl/H favored COCl2 and CO formation and inhibited the CO oxidation process. As Cl/H approached 0.44, the concentrations of CH2Cl2 and CH3Cl first increased, and then declined. Reaction temperature greatly affected the reaction system. Increasing temperatures raised the destruction removal efficiency of CH4 and decreased the concentrations of CH3Cl and CH2Cl2. With a certain ratio of Cl/H, the concentrations of CO and COCl2 first increased and then declined. The CO and COCl2 concentration peak was observed around 1100 K and 1023 K, respectively. When the reaction temperature exceeded 1273 K, carbon in CH4 was mostly converted to CO2. It could be concluded that the presence of chlorine enhanced the destruction of CH4, but resulted in the more toxic incomplete combustion products emission such as COCl2 when the reaction temperature was not high enough.

关键词： hazardous waste incineration methane oxidation chlorine

SO2 Emission Characteristics and BP Neural Networks Prediction in MSW/Coal Co-Fired Fluidized Beds

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Journal of Thermal Science 2006年第3期15卷 281-288页

作者： Junming WEN Jianhua YAN Dongping ZHANG Yong CHI mingjiang ni Kefa CEN State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power Engineering of ZhejiangUniversity Hangzhou 310027 China Shanghai Electric Environment Protection Group Shanghai 200041 China Suyuan Environment Protection Engineering Ltd. Co. /~anjing 210024 China

The SO2 emission characteristics of typical Msw components and their mixtures have been investigated in a φ150mm fluidized bed. Some influencing factors of SO2 emission in MSW fluidized bed incinerator were found out in this study. The SO2 emission is increasing with the growth of the bed temperature, and it is rising with the increasing oxygen concentration at furnace exit. When the weight percentage of auxiliary coal is being raised, the conversion rate of S to SO2 is largely going up. The SO2 emission decreases if the desulfurizing agent （CaCO3） is added during the incineration process, but the desulfurizing efficiency is weakened with the enhancement of the bed temperature. The fuel moisture content has a slight effect on the SO2 emission. Based on these experimental results, a 12 × 6 × 1 three-layer BP neural networks prediction model of SO2 emission in MSW/coal co-fired fluidized bed incinerator was built. The prediction results of this model give good agreement with the experimental results, which indicates that the model has relatively high accuracy and good generalization ability. It was found that BP neural network is an effectual method used to predict the SO2 emission of MSW/coal co-fired fluidized bed incinerator.

关键词： municipal solid waste (MSW) S02 emission fluidized bed BP neural networks prediction model.

A steam dried municipal solid waste gasification and melting process

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第2期5卷 193-204页

作者： Gang XIAO Baosheng JIN mingjiang ni Kefa CEN Yong CHI Zhongxin TAN State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Thermo-Energy Engineering Research Institute School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Division of Waste Science and Technology Lulea University of TechnologyLulea SE-97187Sweden

Considering high-moisture municipal solid waste(MSW)of China,a steam dried MSW gasification and melting process was proposed,the feasibility was tested,and the mass and energy balance was *** experiments were conducted using a fixed-bed drying apparatus,a 200 kg per day fluidized-bed gasifier,and a swirl melting *** percentage was reduced from 50%to 20%roughly when MSW was dried by slightly superheated steam of 150℃-350℃ within 40 *** the temperature was less than 250℃,no incondensable gas was produced during the drying *** gasifier ran at 550℃-700℃with an air equivalence ratio(ER)of *** temperature of the swirl melting furnace reached about 1240℃ when the gasification ER was 0.3 and the total ER was *** these conditions,the fly ash concentration in the flue gas was 1.7 g·(Nm^(3))^(-1),which meant over 95%fly ash was trapped in the furnace and discharged as slag.85%of ni and Cr were bound in the slag,as well as 60%of *** mass and energy balance analysis indicates that the boiler heat efficiency of an industrial MSW incineration plant reaches 86.97%when MSWis dried by steam of 200℃.The boiler heat efficiency is sensitive to three important parameters,including the temperature of preheated MSW,the moisture percentage of dried MSWand the fly ash percentage in the total ash.

关键词： municipal solid waste(MSW) steam drying gasification and melting

Viscosity and aggregation structure of nanocolloidal dispersions

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第27期57卷 3644-3651页

作者： WANG Tao ni mingjiang LUO ZhongYang SHOU ChunHui CEN KeFa State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Earth Institute and Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA

In this work,the effects of nanoparticle size,particle volume fraction and pH on the viscosity of silicon dioxide nanocolloidal dispersions are *** size and pH are found to significantly affect nanocolloid *** models are used to study the effect of aggregate structure on the viscosity of the nanocolloidal *** fractal concept is introduced to describe the irregular and dynamic aggregate *** structure of aggregates,which is considered to play an important role in viscosity,is affected by both intermolecular and electrostatic *** particle interaction is primarily affected by particle distance and becomes stronger with decreasing particle size and increasing volume *** aggregate structure is also affected by the pH of the *** the relationship between pH and zeta-potential shows that with the neutralization of charges on the particle surface and decreasing electrical repulsion force,the particle interaction becomes dominated by attractive forces and the aggregates form a more compact structure.

关键词：聚集态结构分散体粘度颗粒体积分数粒子相互作用纳米粒子 pH值纳米胶体

Degradation of PCDD/Fs in MSWI fly ash using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第7期27卷 1708-1715页

作者： Qili Qiu Xuguang Jiang Guojun Lü Zhiliang Chen Shengyong Lu mingjiang ni Jianhua Yan Xiaobing Deng State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Hangzhou Lijia Environmental Services Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 311101China

In this work,microwave treatment was introduced to a hydrothermal treatment process to degrade PCDD/Fs(Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans)in municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI)fly *** process additives(NaOH,Na2 HPO4,H2 O),temperatures(150℃,185℃,220℃)and reaction times(1 h,2 h,3 h)were investigated to identify their effect on the disposal of fly ash samples through orthogonal ***-resolution gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(HRGC/MS)was applied to determine the PCDD/F concentrations in MSWI fly *** experimental results revealed that 83.7%of total PCDD/Fs was *** temperature was the most important factor for the degradation of the total PCDD/*** direct destruction and chlorination reactions(the chlorination degree of PCDFs increased)took part in the degradation of PCDD/Fs in fly ash,which was a new *** PCDD/F indexes determined by the concentration of indicative congeners were found to quantitatively characterize the dioxin toxicity of the fly ***,heavy metals in the fly ash sample were solidified using microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment,which provided an experimental basis for the simultaneous disposal of dioxins and heavy ***,the microwave-assisted hydrothermal process should be considered for the future disposal of MSWI fly ash.

关键词： Dioxins Degradation MSWI fly ash Hydrothermal treatment Microwave

Large-eddy simulation and experimental study on the turbulent wake flow characteristics of a two-bladed wind turbine

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1861-1869页

作者： LUO Kun YUAN RenYu DONG XueQing WANG JianWen ZHANG SanXia FAN JianRen ni mingjiang CEN KeFa State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Energy and Power Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010051 China Key Laboratory of Wind and Solar Power Energy Utilization Technology Ministry of Education and Inner Mongolia Construction Hohhot 010051 China

Large-eddy simulation(LES) with fully resolved rotor method(FRM) is applied to explore the turbulent wake flow characteristics and vortex evolution laws of a two-bladed horizontal-axis wind turbine. Relevant wind tunnel experiments have been done based on time resolved particle image velocimetry(TRPIV) technique. The simulation results are validated by the experimental data and they are in good agreement. The axial average velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, shear Reynolds stress, and vortex structure of the wind turbine wake are analyzed based on the comparison of LES results and experimental data. It is observed that the wake diameter of wind turbine enlarges with the increase of tip speed ratio(TSR). Turbulent kinetic energy meets its minimum value when x/R=2.0. Shear Reynolds stress appears a positive peak in the near wake when x/R<2.0, and the value of shear Reynolds stress decreases along the axial direction. The blade tip vortex dissipates more quickly than the central vortex in the wind turbine wake, and the gradient of the relationship curve between the blade tip vortex core position and the vortex age decreases as the TSR increases. With the increase of TSR, the thrust coefficient increases, and the power coefficient increases first and then *** present work proves that LES with FRM could calculate wind turbine turbulent wake flow with a high accuracy.

关键词： large-eddy simulation two-bladed wind turbine time resolved particle image velocimetry tip speed ratio turbulent kinetic energy shear Reynolds stress

Experimental study of the wake characteristics of a two-blade horizontal axis wind turbine by time-resolved PIV

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第4期60卷 593-601页

作者： ZHANG LiRu XING JiangKuan WANG JianWen YUAN RenYu DONG XueQing MA JianLong LUO Kun QIU KunZan ni mingjiang CEN KeFa School of Energy and Power Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Technology Huhhot 010051 China Key Laboratory of Wind and Solar Power Energy Utilization Technology Ministry of Education and Inner Mongolia Construction Huhhot 010051 China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Wind tunnel experiments of the wake characteristics of a two-blade wind turbine, in the downstream region of 0

关键词： two-blade wind turbine time resolved particle image velocimetry tip speed ratio wake characteristics leapfrogging phenomenon

Research on low emission MSW gasification and melting system

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007年第4期1卷 498-503页

作者： XIAO Gang ni mingjiang CHI Yong JIN Yuqi ZHANG Jiaquan MIAO Qi CEN Kefa State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Key Laboratory on Clean Coal Power Generation and Combustion Technology of MOE Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

In order to eliminate secondary pollution caused by municipal solid waste(MSW)incineration,a MSW gasification and melting process is *** process is expected to reduce the emission of pollutants,especially heavy-metals and *** this paper,the combustible components of MSW and simulated MSW were gasified in a lab-scale fluidized bed at 400°C-700°C when the excess air ratio(ER)was between 0.2 and *** experimental results indicated that the MSW could be gasified effectively in a fluidized bed at approximately 600°C-700°C when excess air ratio was *** melting characteristics of two typical fly ash samples from MSW incinerators were *** results indicated that fly ash of pure MSW incineration could be melted at approximately 1,300°C and that of MSW and coal co-combustion could be melted at approximately 1,400°*** temperature was over 1,100°C,more than 99.9%of the dioxins could be decomposed and most of the heavy-metals could be solidified in the *** on the above experiments,two feasible MSW gasification and mel-ting processes were proposed for low calorific value MSW:(1)sieved MSW gasification and melting system,which was based on an idea of multi-recycle;(2)gasification and melting scheme of MSW adding coal as assistant fuel.

关键词： municipal solid waste(MSW) low emission gasification and melting dioxins heavy-metal

Research on coal staged conversion poly-generation system based on fluidized bed

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2014年第1期1卷 39-45页

作者： mingjiang ni Chao Li Mengxiang Fang Qinhui Wang Zhongyang Luo Kefa Cen State Key Laboratory on Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

A new coal staged conversion poly-generation system combined coal combustion and pyrolysis has been developed for clean and high efficient utilization of *** is the first pyrolysed in a fluidized *** pyrolysis gas is then purified and used for chemical product or liquid fuel *** is collected during purification and can be processed to extract high value product and to make liquid fuels by ***-coke from the pyrolysis reactor is burned in a circulating fluidized bed(CFB)combustor for heat or power *** system can realize coal multiproduct generation and has a great potential to increase coal utilization value.A 1 MW poly-generation system pilot plant and a 12 MW CFB gas,tar,heat and power poly-generation system was *** experimental study focused on the two fluidized bed operation and characterization of gas,tar and char yields and *** results showed that the system could operate stable,and produce about 0.12 m^(3)/kg gas with 22 MJ/m^(3)heating value and about 10 wt%tar when using Huainan bituminous coal under pyrolysis temperature between 500 and 600℃.The produced gases were mainly H_(2),CH_(4),CO,CO_(2),C_(2)H_(4),C_(2)H_(6),C_(3)H_(6)and C_(3)H_(8).The CFB combustor can burn semi-coke *** application prospect of the new system was discussed.

关键词： Poly-generation Coal pyrolysis Tar utilization Combustion Gas conversion