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Cost-effectiveness analysis of population-based screening of hepatocellular carcinoma: Comparing ultrasonography with two-stage screening

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第12期22卷 3460-3470页

作者： ming-jeng kuo Hsiu-Hsi Chen Chi-Ling Chen Jean Ching-Yuan Fann Sam Li-Sheng Chen Sherry Yueh-Hsia Chiu Yu-Min Lin Chao-Sheng Liao Hung-Chuen Chang Yueh-Shih Lin Amy ming-Fang Yen Department of Hepatogastroenterology Tainan Municipal Hospital Tainan 701 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei 100 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei 100 Taiwan Department of Health Industry Management School of Healthcare Management Kainan University Taoyuan 338 Taiwan School of Oral Hygiene College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 110 Taiwan Department and Graduate Institute of Health Care Management Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital Taipei 111 Taiwan angder Health Clinics Taipei 111 Taiwan

AIM: To assess the cost-effectiveness of two populationbased hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) screening programs, two-stage biomarker-ultrasound method and mass screening using abdominal ultrasonography(AUS).METHODS: In this study, we applied a Markov decision model with a societal perspective and a lifetime horizon for the general population-based cohorts in an area with high HCC incidence, such as Taiwan. The accuracy of biomarkers and ultrasonography was estimated from published meta-analyses. The costs of surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment were based on a combination of published literature, Medicare payments, and medical expenditure at the National Taiwan University Hospital. The main outcome measure was cost per lifeyear gained with a 3% annual discount rate. RESULTS: The results show that the mass screening using AUS was associated with an incremental costeffectiveness ratio of USD39825 per life-year gained, whereas two-stage screening was associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of USD49733 per life-year gained, as compared with no screening. Screening programs with an initial screening age of 50 years old and biennial screening interval were the most cost-effective. These findings were sensitive to the costs of screening tools and the specificity of biomarker ***: Mass screening using AUS is more cost effective than two-stage biomarker-ultrasound screening. The most optimal strategy is an initial screening age at 50 years old with a 2-year inter-screening interval.

关键词： Two-stage biomarker-ultrasound screening One-stage abdominal ultrasonography screening Markov model Cost-effectiveness Sensitivity analysis Age

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Novel variants in DNAH6 cause male infertility associated with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella(MMAF)and ICSI outcomes

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 91-98页

作者： Zhong-Mei Shao Yu-Tong Zhu Meng Gu Sen-Chao Guo Hui Yu kuo-kuo Li Dong-Dong Tang Yu-Ping Xu ming-Rong Lv Reproductive Medicine Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityFuyang 236112China NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract(Anhui Medical University) Hefei 230032China Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle(Anhui Medical University) Ministry of Education of the People'sRepublicof ChinaHefei 230032China

Variations in the dynein axonemal heavy chain gene,dynein axonemal heavy chain 6(DNAH6),lead to multiple morphological abnormalities of the *** studies have reported that these deficiencies may result in sperm head ***,whether DNAH6 is also involved in human acrosome biogenesis remains *** purpose of this study was to investigate DNAH6 gene variants and their potential functions in the formation of defective sperm heads and ***-exome sequencing was performed on a cohort of 375 patients with asthenoteratozoospermia from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University(Hefei,China).Hematoxylin and eosin staining,scanning electron microscopy,and transmission electron microscopy were performed to analyze the sperm morphology and *** staining and Western blot analysis were conducted to examine the effects of genetic *** identified three novel deleterious variants in DNAH6 among three unrelated *** absence of inner dynein arms and radial spokes was observed in the sperm of patients with DNAH6 ***,deficiencies in the acrosome,abnormal chromatin compaction,and vacuole-containing sperm heads were observed in these patients with DNAH6 *** decreased levels of the component proteins in these defective structures were further confirmed in sperm from patients with DNAH6 variants using Western *** intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSl)treatment,the partner of one patient with a DNAH6 variant achieved successful ***,novel variants in DNAH6 genes that contribute to defects in the sperm head and flagella were identified,and the findings indicated Icsl as an effective clinical treatment for such patients.

关键词： asthenoteratospermia DNAH6 intracytoplasmic sperm injection male infertility

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Screened peptides from one-bead one-compound technique extend half-life of peptide drugs in circulation through binding to albumin

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 384-388页

作者： Yi-Jing Li Lingze Zhang ming-Hao Pang Pei-Pei Yang Lu-ming Guo kuo Zhang Da-Yong Hou Lei Wang Hao Wang Hui Cao State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology(NCNST)Beijing 100190China

Peptide drugs are known for their high biological ***,compared with small molecule drugs,peptide drugs are easily oxidized and hydrolyzed as well as short in ***,inspired by the long circulation of albumin in blood,we screened albumin binding peptides(ABPs)from a one-bead one-compound(OBOC)peptide library to increase the half-life of peptide *** displaying random peptides were screened using fluorescent labeled human serum *** beads with specific binding to albumin were isolated for *** selected ABPs can effectively bind to albumin,thus possessing the long circulation of *** dissociation constant(K_(D))of ABPs to albumin is up to 1×10^(-8)mol/*** one of ABPs(ABP2)was coupled to triptorelin,the circulation half-life of triptorelin in mice was significantly prolonged to 263.50 h much longer than that of triptorelin alone(179.07 h).In addition,the combination therapy using ABP-conjugated triptorelin and doxorubicin(DOX)can effectively inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in *** OBOC screening strategy and resulting ABPs showed great potential for enhancing the delivery efficiency of peptide drugs.

关键词： One-bead one-compound Combinatorial library Albumin binding Drug delivery Triptorelin

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Constrained reinforcement learning with statewise projection: a control barrier function approach

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 136-154页

作者： Xinze JIN kuo LI Qingshan JIA Department of Automation Tsinghua University

Safety is a critical issue for reinforcement learning(RL), as it may be risky for some actual applications if the learning process involves unsafe exploration. Instead of formulating constraints as expectationbased in constrained RL, considering statewise safety in constrained RL is more meaningful. This work aims to address the issue of safe projection in RL by introducing a control barrier function that inherently learns a safe policy through a set certificate. We seek to analyze some theoretical properties of safe projection in the learning process, including convergence and performance bound, and extend the discussion into ensembles and guided controllers. Moreover, we approach analytical solutions for deterministic and stochastic system dynamics. Experimental results in different tasks show that the proposed method achieves better effects in terms of both performance and safety.

关键词： reinforcement learning safe projection control barrier function

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Ten- year follow- up investigation of stroke risk in systemic lupus erythematosus

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 1-7页

作者： Jin-An Huang Ching-Heng Lin ming-Ju Wu Yi-Hsing Chen kuo-Cheng Chang Chung-Wei Hou Division of Neurology Neurological InstituteTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwan Department of Health Business Administration Hungkuang UniversityTaichungTaiwan Department of Medical Research Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwan Division of Nephrology Department of Internal MedicineTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwan School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan College of Medicine National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan Division of Allergy Immunology and RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwan School of Medicine National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaichungTaiwan

Background and purpose To analyse the long-term risk of ischaemic stroke and the clinical effects of antithrombotics on the risk of haemorrhagic stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a population-based database taken from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research *** with SLE between 2000 and 2008 were registered and matched with two controls by the index date,age,gender and Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI).These subjects were followed until either stroke event or 31 December *** HRs(aHRs)for strokes were estimated with Cox regression models,and the cumulative incidence of ischaemic stroke was analysed by log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier survival *** In total,8310 patients with SLE and 16620 patients without SLE were *** general,patients with SLE had higher rates of ischaemic stroke(5.4%vs 3.3%)and haemorrhagic stroke(1.5%vs 0.6%)than in *** multivariate analysis adjusted to age,gender,CCI,urbanisation level and antithrombotics uses,aHRs of all strokes,ischaemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke were 1.73(95%CI:1.54 to 1.94),1.65(95%CI:1.45 to 1.87)and 2.24(95%CI:1.71 to 2.95),respectively,in patients with *** with SLE were significantly more likely to suffer ischaemic stroke than patients without SLE,even 10 years after SLE diagnosis(6.12%vs 3.50%,p<0.001).Antiplatelet use increased the risk of haemorrhagic stroke in SLE group(aHR=1.74,95%CI:1.18 to 2.57).Conclusions Patients with SLE are at greater risk of developing ischaemic stroke that lasts for 10 *** should be carefully administered to prevent cardiovascular events in patients with SLE due to the risk of haemorrhagic stroke.

关键词： erythematosus diagnosis likely

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Research progress and prospect of low-carbon biological technology for nitrate removal in wastewater treatment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1-21页

作者： Ru Zheng kuo Zhang Lingrui Kong Sitong Liu College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education of ChinaBeijing 100871China Eco-Environment and Resource Efficiency Research Laboratory School of Environment and EnergyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China

Wastewater treatment plants are the major energy consumers and significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions,among which biological nitrogen removal of wastewater is an important contributor to carbon ***,traditional heterotrophic denitrification still has the problems of excessive residual sludge and the requirement of external carbon ***,the development of innovative low-carbon nitrate removal technologies is *** review outlines the key roles of sulfur autotrophic denitrification and hydrogen autotrophic denitrification in low-carbon wastewater *** discovered nitrate/nitrite dependent anaerobic methane oxidation enables sustainable methane emission reduction and nitrogen removal by utilizing available methane in *** microorganisms exhibited a promising potential to achieve carbon-negative nitrate ***,the algal-bacterial symbiosis system and photogranules offer effective and prospective low-carbon options for nitrogen ***,the emerging nitrate removal technology of photoelectrotrophic denitrification and the underlying,photoelectron transfer mechanisms are ***,we summarize and prospect these technologies,highlighting that solar-driven biological nitrogen removal technology is a promising area for future sustainable wastewater *** review has important guiding significance for the design of low-carbon wastewater treatment systems.

关键词： Carbon emissions Low-carbon Biological nitrogen removal Denitrification

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Aldo-keto reductase family member C3(AKR1C3)promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth by producing prostaglandin F2α

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 163-174页

作者： kuo-SHYANG jeng PO-YU CHENG YUEH-HSIEN LIN PO-CHUN LIU PING-HUI TSENG YU-CHAO WANG CHIUNG-FANG CHANG CHUEN-MIIN LEU Division of General Surgery Far Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei City22060Taiwan Institute of Microbiology and Immunology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei City11221Taiwan Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei City11221Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Informatics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei City11221Taiwan Department of Medical Research Far Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei City22060Taiwan

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a leading cause of death *** therapies are effective for HCC patients with early disease,but many patients suffer recurrence after surgery and have a poor response to ***,new therapeutic targets are *** analyzed gene expression profiles between HCC tissues and normal adjacent tissues from public databases and found that the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism was significantly *** analysis showed that AKR1C3 was upregulated in tumors,and high AKR1C3 expression was associated with a poorer prognosis in HCC *** vitro,assays demonstrated that the knockdown of AKR1C3 or the addition of the AKR1C3 inhibitor indomethacin suppressed the growth and colony formation of HCC cell *** of AKR1C3 in Huh7 cells reduced tumor growth in *** explore the mechanism,we performed pathway enrichment analysis,and the results linked the expression of AKR1C3 with prostaglandin F2 alpha(PGF2a)downstream target *** of AKR1C3 activity reduced the production of PGF2a,and supplementation with PGF2a restored the growth of indomethacin-treated Huh7 *** of the PGF receptor(PTGFR)and treatment with a PTGFR inhibitor significantly reduced HCC *** showed that indomethacin potentiated the sensitivity of Huh7 cells to *** summary,our results indicate that AKR1C3 upregulation may promote HCC growth by promoting the production of PGF2α,and suppression of PTGFR limited HCC ***,targeting the AKR1C3-PGF2a-PTGFR axis may be a new strategy for the treatment of HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Aldo-keto reductase family member C3 Prostaglandin F2 alpha Prostaglandin F receptor

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Converting an O-vacancy-rich oxide into a multifunctional separator modifier for long-lifespan lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 371-378页

作者： Juntao Si Xiaoying Li Yixuan Li kuo Cao Yiran Zhu Chunhua Chen CAS Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China

The lithium metal anode is hailed as the desired "holy grail" for the forthcoming generation of highenergy-density batteries,given its astounding theoretical capacity and low ***,the formation and growth of dendrites seriously compromise battery life and ***,an yttriastabilized bismuth oxide（YSB） layer is fabricated on the polypropylene（PP） separator,where YSB reacts with Li anode in-situ in the cell to form a multi-component composite interlayer consisting of Li3Bi,Li2O,and *** interlayer can function not only as a redistributor to regulate Li+distribution but also as an anion adsorber to increase the Li+transference number from 0.37 to 0.79 for suppressing dendrite nucleation and ***,compared with the cell with a baseline separator,those with modified separators exhibit prolonged lifespan in both Li/Li symmetrical cells and Li/Cu ***,the full cells coupled with ultrahigh-loading LiFePO4display an excellent cycling performance of 1700 cycles with a high capacity retention of ～80% at 1 C,exhibiting great potential for practical *** work provides a feasible and effective new strategy for separator modification towards building a much-anticipated dendrite-free Li anode and realizing long-lifespan lithium metal batteries.

关键词： Conversion-alloying reaction Dendrite-free Lithium metal battery Multifunctional interlayer Separator

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Optimal Shape Factor and Fictitious Radius in the MQ-RBF:Solving Ill-Posed Laplacian Problems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3189-3208页

作者： Chein-Shan Liu Chung-Lun kuo Chih-Wen Chang Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung202301TaiwanChina Department of Mechanical Engineering National United UniversityMiaoli36063TaiwanChina

To solve the Laplacian problems,we adopt a meshless method with the multiquadric radial basis function(MQRBF)as a basis whose center is distributed inside a circle with a fictitious radius.A maximal projection technique is developed to identify the optimal shape factor and fictitious radius by minimizing a merit function.A sample function is interpolated by theMQ-RBF to provide a trial coefficient vector to compute the merit *** can quickly determine the optimal values of the parameters within a preferred rage using the golden section search *** novel method provides the optimal values of parameters and,hence,an optimal MQ-RBF;the performance of the method is validated in numerical ***,nonharmonic problems are transformed to the Poisson equation endowed with a homogeneous boundary condition;this can overcome the problem of these problems being *** optimal MQ-RBF is extremely *** further propose a novel optimal polynomial method to solve the nonharmonic problems,which achieves high precision up to an order of 10^(−11).

关键词： Laplace equation nonharmonic boundary value problem Ill-posed problem maximal projection optimal shape factor and fictitious radius optimal MQ-RBF optimal polynomial method

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A highly reliable encoding and decoding communication framework based on semantic information

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 509-518页

作者： Yichi Zhang Haitao Zhao kuo Cao Li Zhou Zhe Wang Yueling Liu Jibo Wei College of Electronic Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Increasing research has focused on semantic communication,the goal of which is to convey accurately the meaning instead of transmitting symbols from the sender to the *** this paper,we design a novel encoding and decoding semantic communication framework,which adopts the semantic information and the contextual correlations between items to optimize the performance of a communication system over various *** the sender side,the average semantic loss caused by the wrong detection is defined,and a semantic source encoding strategy is developed to minimize the average semantic *** further improve communication reliability,a decoding strategy that utilizes the semantic and the context information to recover messages is proposed in the *** simulation results validate the superior performance of our strategies over state-of-the-art semantic coding and decoding policies on different communication channels.

关键词： Semantic information Semantic encoding method Context-based decoding method

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