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Identifying barriers to early diagnosis of breast cancer and perception of women in Malwa region of Punjab,India

Global Health Journal 2023年第1期7卷 34-42页

作者： Kuljinder Kaur Rachana Jajoo Subh Naman Tanushka Kandwal Gunteshwar Singh Brar Pardeep garg Pritpal Singh Bhullar Ashish Baldi Pharma Innovation Lab Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologyMaharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical UniversityBathindaPunjab 151001India University Business School Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical UniversityBathindaPunjab 151001India Adesh Institute of Medical Science and Research Adesh UniversityBathindaPunjab 151001India Department of Radiation Oncology Guru Gobind Singh Medical College&HospitalFaridkotPunjab 151001India

Objective:The aim of present study is to identify the breast cancer screening barriers among the women with breast cancer of Malwa region of Punjab,*** study was conducted at three government hospitals representing almost all districts of Malwa ***:The quantitative research design was followed using empirical research *** was carried out by one-to-one interview by the field investigator and research *** of 363 breast cancer patient has been interviewed through the scheduled questionnaire and results has been recorded for further *** this study,five barriers are described namely as personal barriers,socio-cultural barriers,economic barriers,healthsystem barriers,and treatment barriers which contains various questions regarding barriers to breast cancer *** analysis methods have been used for the analysis to access the socio-demographic profile of *** has been obtained with the help of 5-point liker *** logistic model was ***:Majority of participants were in the age groups 50-60 years(31.1%,112/363).Majority of these women(47.4%,171/363)were illiterate and most of them were *** major barriers to breast cancer screening faced by most of the women were having no knowledge about screening services(90.9%,329/363),the importance of early diagnosis(90.9%,329/363),different screening methods(95.5%,347/363)and place of availing screening services(91.2%,330/363)misguided belief in God and fate(81.5%,295/363)and preferring duties than taking care of health(70.2%,254/363).Education qualification(odds ratio[OR]0.74,β'=-0.309,t=-5.357,P=0.000)and socioeconomic class(OR 1.43,β’=0.354,t=3.399,P=0.001)were found to be significant determinant of the barriers among ***:The survey was conducted in the women between the age 40-60 years and as an outcome,the unawareness about screening services,fatalistic attitude,fear of being diagnosed with the c

关键词： Breast cancer Malwa region Family history Puberty Screening methods Signs and symptoms Risk factors

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Non-medicalization of medical science:Rationalization for future

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World Journal of Methodology 2022年第5期12卷 402-413页

作者： Madhukar Mittal Parth Jethwani Dukhabandhu Naik MK garg Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism All India Institute of Medical Sciences JodhpurJodhpur 342005India Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPuducherry 605006India

As we delve into the intricacies of human disease,millions of people continue to be diagnosed as having what are labelled as pre-conditions or sub-clinical entities and may receive treatments designed to prevent further progression to clinical disease,but with debatable impact and *** is no different,with almost every organ system and associated diseases having subclinical *** the expansion of these“grey”pre-conditions and their treatments come with a better understanding of pathophysiologic processes,they also entail financial costs and drug adverse-effects,and lack true prevention,thus refuting the very foundation of Medicine laid by Hippocrates“Primum non nocere”(Latin),i.e.,do no *** hypothyroidism,prediabetes,osteopenia,and minimal autonomous cortisol excess are some of the endocrine preclinical conditions which do not require active pharmacological management in the vast *** fact,progression to clinical disease is seen in only a small minority with reversal to normality in *** drugs also does not lead to true prevention by changing the course of future *** goal of the medical fraternity thus as a whole should be to bring this large chunk of humanity out of the hospitals towards leading a healthy lifestyle and away from the label of a medical disease condition.

关键词： Prediabetes Subclinical hypothyroidism Osteopenia Mild autonomous cortisol secretion Pre-clinical Medicalization

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CHFS: Complex hesitant fuzzy sets‐their applications to decision making with different and innovative distance measures

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2021年第1期6卷 93-122页

作者： Harish garg Tahir Mahmood Ubaid ur Rehman Zeeshan Ali School of Mathematics Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyDeemed UniversityPatialaPunjabIndia Department of Mathematics and Statistics International Islamic UniversityIslamabadPakistan

The objective of the authors is to establish an innovative concept of the complex hesitant fuzzy set(CHFS),which is the combination of the hesitant fuzzy set and the complex fuzzy set to manage complex and awkward information in the real‐decision *** structure and the basic properties of the proposed set are studied in *** on the internal structure of the set and to find the degree of the discrimination between the pairs of the CHFSs,the generalized distance measures and modified generalized distance measures are *** properties and their relationship between them are derived in ***,several cases of the proposed measures are exposed which reduce them to the existing ***,based on these proposed measures,a decision‐making approach is established under the uncertain environment and several numerical examples are given to examine the feasibility and validity of the explored ***,the credibility of the modified and parameterized distance measures based on CHFSs is verified by comparing them with some existing measures.

关键词： theory. verified validity

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Oral mucosal involvement in visceral leishmaniasis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第3期6卷 249-250页

作者： Sunny garg Richik Tripathi Kamlakar Tripathi Department of General Medicine Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityIndia Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon Heritage HospitalVaranasiIndia

Leishmaniasis affects both the visceral and cutaneous tissues in *** Mucosal involvement in leishmaniasis is rare and is often *** present a case 17 vear old boy from the north east region of Bihar who has a hislorv of visceral leishmaniasis one year back,came to the department of oral surgery for treatment of persistent oral *** examination did not give any diagnostic information while systemic examination revealed enlarged spleen and low grade *** was screened for leishmaniasis by rK39 based immunochromatographic strip test which came to be *** of the ulcer as well as splenic and bone marrow aspirate confirmed the presence of *** was administered Amphotericin B for 20 days following which significant clinical and haematological improvement followed.

关键词： Oral Mucosal Leishmaniasis Visceral

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Pathways of nanotoxicity:Modes of detection,impact,and challenges

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2021年第4期15卷 512-542页

作者： Deepshikha GUPTA Parul YADAV Devesh garg Tejendra K.GUPTA Amity Institute of Applied Sciences Amity University Uttar PradeshNoida 201301India

Nanotoxicology has become the subject of intense research for more than two *** of articles have been published but the space in understanding the nanotoxicity mechanism and the assessment is still *** researches clearly show potential benefits of nanomaterials(NMs)in diagnostics and treatment,targeted drug delivery,and tissue engineering owing to their excellent physicochemical ***,these NMs display hazardous health effect then to the greater part of the materials because of small size,large surface area-to-volume ratio,quantum size effects,and environmental ***,a large number of NMs are used in industrial products including several medical applications,consumer,and healthcare ***,they came into the environment without any safety *** measurement of toxicity level has become important because of increasing toxic effects on living *** realistic mechanism-based strategies are still needed to determine the toxic effects of *** the assessment of NMs toxicity,reliable and standardized procedures are *** review article provides systematic studies on toxicity of NMs involving manufacturing,environmental factors,eco-toxic and genotoxic effects,some parameters which have been ignored of NMs versus their biological counterparts,cell heterogeneity,and their current challenges and future perspectives.

关键词： nanomaterial nanotoxicity cytotoxicity,genotoxicity in-vivo and in-vitro toxicity reactive oxygen species

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A Fast Charging–Cooling Coupled Scheduling Method for a Liquid Cooling-Based Thermal Management System for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Engineering 2021年第8期7卷 1165-1176页

作者： Siqi Chen Nengsheng Bao Akhil garg Xiongbin Peng Liang Gao State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China

Efficient fast-charging technology is necessary for the extension of the driving range of electric ***,lithium-ion cells generate immense heat at high-current charging *** order to address this problem,an efficient fast charging–cooling scheduling method is urgently *** this study,a liquid cooling-based thermal management system equipped with mini-channels was designed for the fastcharging process of a lithium-ion battery module.A neural network-based regression model was proposed based on 81 sets of experimental data,which consisted of three sub-models and considered three outputs:maximum temperature,temperature standard deviation,and energy *** sub-model had a desirable testing accuracy(99.353%,97.332%,and 98.381%)after *** regression model was employed to predict all three outputs among a full dataset,which combined different charging current rates(0.5C,1C,1.5C,2C,and 2.5C(1C=5 A))at three different charging stages,and a range of coolant rates(0.0006,0.0012,and 0.0018 kg·s^(-1)).An optimal charging–cooling schedule was selected from the predicted dataset and was validated by the *** results indicated that the battery module’s state of charge value increased by 0.5 after 15 min,with an energy consumption lower than 0.02 *** maximum temperature and temperature standard deviation could be controlled within 33.35 and 0.8C,*** approach described herein can be used by the electric vehicles industry in real fast-charging ***,optimal fast charging-cooling schedule can be predicted based on the experimental data obtained,that in turn,can significantly improve the efficiency of the charging process design as well as control energy consumption during cooling.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery module Fast-charging Neural network regression Scheduling State of charge Energy consumption

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Observations on the Function of Mucous Cells in the Epidermis of the Cat-fish Clarias batrachus Exposed to Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1993年第2期6卷 119-133页

作者： TARUN KUMAR garg AJAY KUMAR MITTAL Skin Skin Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005IndiaPhysiology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

Response of mucous cells, in the epidermis of the catfish Clarias batrachus, to a sublethal concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate was studied and correlated with the alteration in the status of their secretory activity after different durations of the treatment. At 4h, 8h, 24h,48h and 72h of the detergent treatment, most mucous cells attained voluminous dimensions and appeared closely approximating to or even overlapping the adjacent ones. At 12h, 36h, and 60h, in contrast, the mucous cells appeared small and slender, and seemed to be located at greater intervals. These changes in dimensions were responsible for the apparent increase or decrease in the density of mucous cells after different durations of detergent treatment. Statistically, however, no significant change was observed in the total number of the mucous cells throughout the experiment.The mucous cells appeared enlarged towards the end of the experiment signifying increased mucus production. This is considered as an adaptation, for protection, assisting the fish to adjust to the changed environment.A shift in the histochemical nature of the secretory contents at the middle and basal parts of the mucous cells, from a mixture of neutral and acid glycoproteins to neutral glycoproteins, during the early stages of the treatment suggests that acid moities could not simultaneously be synthesized as an immediate response to enhanced mucous secretion. The apical parts of the mucous cells, however, showed no histochemical change throughout the experiment.

关键词： Observations on the Function of Mucous Cells in the Epidermis of the Cat-fish Clarias batrachus Exposed to Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

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Characterization of the tensile properties of friction stir welded aluminum alloy joints based on axial force, traverse speed, and rotational speed

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第3期11卷 289-298页

作者： Biranchi PANDA A. garg Zhang JIAN Akbar HEIDARZADEH Liang GAO IDMEC Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa1040-001 Portugal Department of Mechatronics Engineering Shantou University Shantou515063 China Department of Materials Engineering Azarbaijan Shahid MadaniUniversity Tabriz Iran The State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment andTechnology Huazahong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Friction stir welding （FSW） process has gained attention in recent years because of its advantages over the conventional fusion welding process. These advantages include the absence of heat formation in the affected zone and the absence of large distortion, porosity, oxidation, and cracking. Experimental investigations are necessary to understand the physical behavior that causes the high tensile strength of welded joints of different metals and alloys. Existing literature indicates that tensile properties exhibit strong dependence on the rotational speed, traverse speed, and axial force of the tool that was used. Therefore, this study introduces the experimental procedure for measuring tensile properties, namely, ultimate tensile strength （UTS） and tensile elongation of the welded AA 7020 A1 alloy. Experimental findings suggest that a welded part with high UTS can be achieved at a lower heat input compared with the high heat input condition. A numerical approach based on genetic programming is employed to produce the functional relationships between tensile properties and the three inputs （rotational speed, traverse speed, and axial force） of the FSW process. The formulated models were validated based on the experimental data, using the statistical metrics. The effect of the three inputs on the tensile properties was investigated using 2D and 3D analyses. A high UTS was achieved, including a rotational speed of 1050 r/min and traverse speed of 95 mm/min. The results also indicate that 8 kN axial force should be set prior to the FSW process.

关键词： tensile properties ultimate tensile strength tensile elongation friction stir welding tool rotational speed genetic programming welding speed

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Unstable cardiac injury complicated with septic shock—a challenge

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第2期4卷 164-166页

作者： Neha garg Kapil Dev Soni Richa Aggarwal Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care All India Institute of Medical SciencesAnsari Nagar EastGautam NagarNew Delhi 110029India Division of Critical&Intensive care All India Institute of Medical SciencesAnsari Nagar EastGautam NagarNew Delhi 110029India

Background:Road traffic accident accounts for 70%to 80%of the blunt cardiac *** true incidence varies in the literature due to non-uniform criteria for *** Presentation:Here,we describe the case of a young male presenting after blunt chest injury and hemodynamic ***,the patient had frequent episodes of arrhythmias and hypotension due to cardiac injury per ***,he was stabilized by day ***,patient developed cellulitis followed by septic shock and succumbed to cellulitis on day 5 of ***:Sepsis is difficult to be diagnosed and treated in the presence of cardiac *** depression has been found in sepsis,which contributes as an added comorbidity in an already compromised heart *** also interferes with the diagnosis and follow-up of progress of blunt cardiac injury.

关键词： Blunt cardiac injury Sepsis Myocardial depression Troponin

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Fecal diversion in complex anal fistulas:Is there a way to avoid it?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第25期9卷 7306-7310页

作者： Pankaj garg Vipul D Yagnik Sushil Dawka Colorectal Surgery Garg Fistula Research InstitutePanchkula 134113HaryanaIndia Colorectal Surgery Indus International HospitalMohali 140201PunjabIndia Surgical Gastroenterology Nishtha Surgical Hospital and Research CenterPatan 384265GujaratIndia Surgery SSR Medical CollegeBelle Rive 744101Mauritius

Temporary fecal diversion by a diverting colostomy or ileostomy is occasionally performed for serious complex *** main indications are highly complex and extensive cryptoglandular anal fistula,anal fistula associated with severe anorectal Crohn’s disease,recurrent rectovaginal fistula,radiation-induced fistula and anal fistula with associated necrotizing *** purpose of stoma formation is to divert the fecal stream away from the anorectum and the perianal region so as to control the infective process and prevent trauma to the operated repaired *** the fistula has healed,the diverting stoma is ***,two questions are ***,is it certain that the same disease would not relapse(or the fistula would not recur)once the colostomy is closed?Second,is there a non-surgical method which can obviate the need for a diverting colostomy?An attempt is made to answer both these questions in this review.

关键词： Anal fistula Fecal diversion Diverting stoma Colostomy Crohn’s disease Rectovaginal fistula

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