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Factor analysis of recent major heatwaves in East Asia

Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 374-383页

作者： Arim Yoon Jeongwon Kim Jooyeop lee Hyun min Sung Je-woo Hong Seung-Ki min Junhong lee Jinkyu Hong Ecosystem-Atmosphere Process Laboratory Department of Atmospheric SciencesYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Jeju 63568Republic of Korea Korea Adaptation Center for Climate Korea Environment InstituteSejong 30121Republic of Korea Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg 20146Germany Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Heatwaves(HWs)present a major hazard to our society and more extreme heatwaves are expected with future climatic ***,it is important to improve our understanding of the underlying processes that drive HWs,in order to boost our socioeconomic-ecological *** this study,we quantified the influences of key driving factors(large-scale atmospheric circulation,soil moisture,and sea surface temperature)and their synergies on recent heatwaves in East *** conducted a factor separation analysis for three recent HW events by constraining the key factors in the regional Weather Research and Forecasting model with their climatologies or pseudo-observations in different *** study showed distinct spatial variations in the HW-controlling factors in East *** synergistic interaction of large-scale circulation and soil moisture was the most important factors in the 2013 Chinese *** the 2018 HWs in Korea and Japan,the same stagnant large-scale atmospheric circulation played a dominant role in driving the HW *** land-atmosphere coupling via soil moisture,its interaction with circulation,and SST exhibited stronger influences during the Korean HW than the Japanese *** analysis also revealed temporal variations in the factors driving Korean and Chinese HWs due to typhoon passage and other multiple processes over heterogeneous surfaces(i.e.,topographically induced Foehn winds,large-scale warm advection from the warm ocean,spatial differences in soil moisture).Our findings suggest that future heatwave-related studies should consider interactive contributions of key factors,their interplay with surface heterogeneities of complex terrain.

关键词： Heatwave East Asia Large-scale circulation Soil moisture Sea surface temperature Synergistic impacts

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Tetramic acid-motif natural products from a marine fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum FB06 and their anti-Parkinson activities

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 84-92页

作者： Yuna Jung Chaesun Kwon Taeyeon Kim Jin woo lee min-Kyoo Shin Sang Hee Shim Natural Products Research Institute College of PharmacySeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy Duksung Women’s UniversitySeoul 01369Republic of Korea

Tetramic acid-containing natural products are attracting significantly increasing attention from biologists and chemists due to their intriguing structures and biological *** the present study,two new tetramic acid alkaloids tolypyridone I(1)and tolypyridone J(2),together with five known ones(3–7),were isolated from cultures of a marine fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum FB06 isolate obtained from a marine sediment in Beaufort sea of North *** structures were elucidated using 1D,2D NMR,and *** configurations were established on the basis of 1H coupling constants,ROESY correlations and DP4 *** 2 was isolated as mixtures of rotational isomers with C-3 to C-7 axis between 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone and 1-ethyl-3,5-dimethylcyclohexane,hindering *** our unbiased screening to discover neuroprotective compounds in an in vitro Parkinson’s disease(PD)model,SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells were treated with isolated compounds followed by treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP^(+)),a parkinsonian *** tested compounds,F-14329(7)significantly protected cells from MPP^(+)-induced ***^(+)-mediated cell death is known to be related to the regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins,specifically the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax *** with 2 mmol/L of MPP^(+)for 24 h significantly reduced Bcl-2 levels compared to control treated with ***,treatment with F-14329(7)attenuated such *** study demonstrates that tetramic acid-motif compounds could be potential lead compounds for treating PD.

关键词： Tolypocladium cylindrosporum Tetramic acid Tolypyridone Parkinson’s disease

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Effects of structure and electronic properties of D-π-A organic dyes on photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 208-216页

作者： min-woo lee Jae-Yup Kim Hyung-Geun lee Hyun Gil Cha Duck-Hyung lee min Jae Ko Bio-Based Chemistry Research Center Advanced Convergent Chemistry DivisionKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Ulsan 44429Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Dankook UniversityYongin 16890Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Institute of Nano Science and Technology Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

Herein,we examine the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells containing five D-π-A organic dyes designed by systematic modification of π-bridge size and geometric *** dye has a simple push-pull structure with a triarylamino group as an electron donor,bithiophene-4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta 1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M11),4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophenethiophene(M12),thiophene-4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M13),4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene-benzene(M14),and 4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M15)units asπ-bridges,and cyanoacrylic acid as an electron acceptor/*** extension of theπ-bridge linkage favors wide-range absorption but,because of the concomitant molecular volume increase,hinders the efficient adsorption of dyes on the TiO_(2) film ***,higher loadings are achieved for smaller dye molecules,resulting in(i)a shift of the TiO_(2) conduction band edge to more negative values,(ii)a greater photocurrent,and(iii)suppressed charge recombination between the photoanode and the redox couple in the ***,under one-sun equivalent illumination(AM 1.5 G,100 mW/cm^(2)),the highest photovoltage,photocurrent,and conversion efficiency(η=7.19%)are observed for M15,which has the smallest molecular volume among M series dyes.

关键词： Dye-sensitized solar cells Donor-acceptor dyes Electron-rich unit Wide-range absorption Impedance spectroscopy

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Management of sub-centimeter recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment:Current status and future

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第46期24卷 5215-5222页

作者： min woo lee Hyo Keun Lim Department of Radiology and Cen-ter for Imaging Science Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Health Sciences and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan University

Hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs) frequently recur despite initial successful surgical resection or local ablation therapy. Diagnostic methods for small HCCs have improved with the introduction of gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI). Currently, sub-centimeter recurrent nodules showing typical hallmark imaging findings of HCC are frequently detected in patients with a treatment history for HCC. With five typical magnetic resonance findings, including arterial enhancement, washout on portal or transitional phase, high signal intensity on both T2-weighted image and DWI, and low signal intensity on hepatobiliary phase, sub-centimeter recurrent HCC can be diagnosed with high accuracy. Although more information is needed to determine the treatment of choice, local ablation therapy under fusion imaging and/or contrast-enhanced ultrasound guidance or cone-beam computed tomography-guided chemoembolization seem to be promising as they are effective and safe for the management of sub-centimeter recurrent HCCs.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Recurrence Subcentimeter Ablation Diagnosis

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Depolarization mitigated in ferroelectric Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)ultrathin films(<5 nm)on Si substrate by interface engineering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 282-292页

作者： Se Hyun Kim Younghwan lee Dong Hyun lee Geun Hyeong Park Hyun woo Jeong Kun Yang Yong Hyeon Cho Young Yong Kim min Hyuk Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science&TechnologyPohang 790784Republic of Korea

(Hf,Zr)O_(2)offers considerable potential for next-generation semiconductor devices owing to its nonvolatile spontaneous polarization at the ***,scaling this material to sub-5 nm thickness poses several challenges,including the formation of an interfacial layer and high trap *** particular,a low-k SiO_(2)interfacial layer is naturally formed when(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films are directly grown on a Si substrate,leading to high depolarization fields and rapid reduction of the remanent *** address these issues,we conducted a study to significantly improve ferroelectricity and switching endurance of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films with sub-5 nm thicknesses by inserting a TiO_(2)interfacial *** deposition of a Ti film prior to Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film deposition resulted in a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer and prevented the direct contact of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)with *** findings show that the high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer can reduce the SiO_(2)/Si interface trap density and the depolarization field,resulting in a switchable polarization of 60.2μC/cm^(2)for a 5 nm thick Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)***,we propose that inserting a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer between the Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film and the Si substrate may offer a promising solution to enhancing the ferroelectricity and reliability of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)grown on the Si substrate and can pave the way for next-generation semiconductor devices with improved performance.

关键词： ferroelectric charge trapping hafnia depolarization

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In situ infrared, Raman and X-ray spectroscopy for the mechanistic understanding of hydrogen evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 632-651,I0014页

作者： Andi Haryanto Kyounghoon Jung Chan woo lee Dong-Wan Kim Department of Chemistry Kookmin UniversitySeoul 02707Republic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Hydrogen production by water reduction reactions has received considerable attention because hydrogen is considered a clean-energy carrier,key for a sustainable energy *** methods have been widely used to study the reaction mechanism of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),but the calculation results need to be supported by experimental results and direct evidence to confirm the mechanistic *** this review,we discuss the fundamental principles of the in situ spectroscopic strategy and a theoretical model for a mechanistic understanding of the *** addition,we investigate recent studies by in situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),Raman spectroscopy,and X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS) and cover new findings that occur at the catalyst-electrolyte interface during *** spectroscopic strategies provide practical ways to elucidate catalyst phase,reaction intermediate,catalyst-electrolyte interface,intermediate binding energy,metal valency state,and coordination environment during HER.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Infrared spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy X-ray absorption spectroscopy Reaction mechanism

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Weighted Forwarding in Graph Convolution Networks for Recommendation Information Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1897-1914页

作者： Sang-min lee Namgi Kim Department of Computer Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwonKorea

Recommendation Information Systems(RIS)are pivotal in helping users in swiftly locating desired content from the vast amount of information available on the *** Convolution Network(GCN)algorithms have been employed to implement the RIS ***,the GCN algorithm faces limitations in terms of performance enhancement owing to the due to the embedding value-vanishing problem that occurs during the learning *** address this issue,we propose a Weighted Forwarding method using the GCN(WF-GCN)*** proposed method involves multiplying the embedding results with different weights for each hop layer during graph *** applying the WF-GCN algorithm,which adjusts weights for each hop layer before forwarding to the next,nodes with many neighbors achieve higher embedding *** approach facilitates the learning of more hop layers within the GCN *** efficacy of the WF-GCN was demonstrated through its application to various *** the MovieLens dataset,the implementation of WF-GCN in LightGCN resulted in significant performance improvements,with recall and NDCG increasing by up to+163.64%and+132.04%,***,in the *** dataset,LightGCN using WF-GCN enhanced with WF-GCN showed substantial improvements,with the recall and NDCG metrics rising by up to+174.40%and+169.95%,***,the application of WF-GCN to Self-supervised Graph Learning(SGL)and Simple Graph Contrastive Learning(SimGCL)also demonstrated notable enhancements in both recall and NDCG across these datasets.

关键词： Deep learning graph neural network graph convolution network graph convolution network model learning method recommender information systems

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Omni-functional simultaneous interfacial treatment for enhancing stability and outgassing suppression of lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 677-687页

作者： Youbean lee Chanjoo Park Kyoungmin min Kwangjin Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Gachon UniversityGyeonggi-do 13120Republic of Korea Department of Battery Engineering Gachon UniversityGyeonggi-do 13120Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoul 06978Republic of Korea

Ni-rich layered oxides in lithium-ion batteries have problems with gas generation and electrochemical performance reduction due to residual lithium's reaction on the surface with the *** address this issue,in this study,the Acid solvent evaporation(AsE)method has been proposed as a potential method to remove residual lithium while promoting the formation of a new LiNO_(3)-derived coating layer on the cathode *** reduction of residual lithium using the ASE method and the construction of a LiNO_(3)-derived coating layer suppresses gas evolution caused by the side effects of the electrolyte,improves electrochemical performance,and improves thermal stability by facilitating the smooth movement of lithium ***,the structural stability and resistance change due to the LiNO_(3)-derived coating layer effects is guaranteed through cycling and DCIR of the pouch *** a result,compared to Pristine,the capacity retention of coin cells increased by 8%after 100 cycles,and pouch cells increased by 25%after 160 *** addition,after cycling the pouch cell,CO_(2) gas has significantly reduced by about 30%compared to Pristine using gas *** ASE method effectively forms a robust LiNO_(3)-derived coating layer on the cathode active material,which helps minimize electrolyte reactivity,suppress ,CO_(2) emissions,enhance surface structure stability,improve thermal stability,and improveoverallbatteryperformance.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Ni-rich NCM Acid solvent evaporation LiNO_(3)-derived coating Gasevolution

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Study of cerium-promoted rhodium alumina catalyst as a steam reforming catalyst for treatment of spent solvents

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Journal of Rare Earths 2014年第9期32卷 831-836页

作者： Hee-Chul Yang min-woo lee Ho-Sang Hwang Jei-Kwon Moon Dong-Yong Chung Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

This study attempted to develop an appropriate catalyst used for the steam reforming of gasified spent solvents. Rh2O3/ CeOE-Al2O3 catalysts with various CeO2 loadings were prepared and heated at different temperatures of 500 and 800 ℃, and their surface properties were studied using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, temperature programmed reduction （TPR） and Bmmauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） analyses. Rhodium existed in the form of Rh2O3, regardless of the sample composition as well as the heating temperature. In the tested range of cerium addition （up to 12 times the rhodium mass）, no significant changes in BET surface areas and binding energy corresponding to Rh 3d5/2 were observed. Instead, the addition of cerium led to a greatly enhanced dispersion of rhodium nanoparticles, and no agglomeration of rhodium was observed for samples heated even at 800 ℃. Honeycomb monolith rhodium catalysts promoted with cerium were fabricated and tested for the steam reforming of a gasified spent solvent, mainly consisting of butylene （C4H8）. The test results suggested that a cerium-promoted rhodium catalyst could be used as an appropriate reforming catalyst for treating low-quality non-methane hydrocarbons without the formation of coke at high temperatures of up to 900 ℃.

关键词： cerium rhodium catalyst steam reforming spent resin rare earths

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Extracellular vesicles for neural regeneration after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 491-492页

作者： Young-Ju Lim wook-Tae Park Gun woo lee Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yeungnam University Medical CenterYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguKorea

What is spinal cord injury:Spinal cord injury(SCI)is the damage to the structure of the bundles of cells and nerves that communicate signals from the brain to the body and *** pathology of SCI includes both primary and secondary injuries(Morales et al.,2016).Physical forces such as compression,shearing,contusion,and tearing are major causes of primary injury in *** are two main processes in primary injury:acute and *** acute phase includes traumatic disruption of axons and hemorrhage of the blood vessels around the spinal *** injury to the vessels can lead to increased edema within the neural and cord tissues,susceptibility to infiltration by microglia and astrocytes,excitotoxicity,and ***,disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier results in the release of inflammatory cytokines from specific cells and vessels.

关键词： acute injuries nerves

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