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Orbital angular momentum-mediated machine learning for high-accuracy mode-feature encoding

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 466-477页

作者： Xinyuan Fang Xiaonan Hu Baoli Li Hang Su Ke Cheng Haitao Luan min Gu Institute of Photonic Chips University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics School of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Machine learning with optical neural networks has featured unique advantages of the information processing including high speed,ultrawide bandwidths and low energy consumption because the optical dimensions(time,space,wavelength,and polarization)could be utilized to increase the degree of ***,due to the lack of the capability to extract the information features in the orbital angular momentum(OAM)domain,the theoretically unlimited OAM states have never been exploited to represent the signal of the input/output nodes in the neural network ***,we demonstrate OAM-mediated machine learning with an all-optical convolutional neural network(CNN)based on Laguerre-Gaussian(LG)beam modes with diverse diffraction *** proposed CNN architecture is composed of a trainable OAM mode-dispersion impulse as a convolutional kernel for feature extraction,and deep-learning diffractive layers as a *** resultant OAM mode-dispersion selectivity can be applied in information mode-feature encoding,leading to an accuracy as high as 97.2%for MNIST database through detecting the energy weighting coefficients of the encoded OAM modes,as well as a resistance to eavesdropping in point-to-point free-space ***,through extending the target encoded modes into multiplexed OAM states,we realize all-optical dimension reduction for anomaly detection with an accuracy of 85%.Our work provides a deep insight to the mechanism of machine learning with spatial modes basis,which can be further utilized to improve the performances of various machine-vision tasks by constructing the unsupervised learning-based auto-encoder.

关键词： polarization mode momentum

Optimal sequential therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors as the first-line treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A nationwide multicenter study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 450-459页

作者： Jung Ki Jo Seong Il Seo minYong Kang Jinsoo Chung Cheol Kwak Sung-Hoo Hong Cheryn Song Jae young Park Chang Wook Jeong Seok Hwan choi Sung Han Kim Eu Chang Hwang Chan Ho Lee Hakmin Lee Department of Urology Medical and Digital EngineeringCollege of MedicineHanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology National Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Kangnam St Mary’s HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Asan Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Korea University Ansan HospitalAnsanRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Kyungpook National University HospitalDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Chonnam National University Hwasun HospitalHwasunRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusanRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea

Objective:The purpose of the study was to identify the best sequence of therapy beginning with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)as the first-line therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)in terms of overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),and rates of discontinuation and adverse effects during the treatment ***:This is a retrospective,nationwide multicenter study of patients with mRCC after diagnosis at 10 different tertiary medical centers in Korea from January 1992 to December *** focused on patients at either“favorable”or“intermediate”risk according to the International mRCC Database Consortium criteria,and they were followed up(median 335 days).Finally,a total of 1409 patients were selected as the study *** generated a Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for covariates,and the different therapy schemes were statistically tested in terms of OS as well as *** addition,frequencies of discontinuation and adverse events were compared among the therapy ***:Of the primary patterns of treatment sequences(24 sequences),“sunitinib epazopanib”and“sunitinibeeverolimuseimmunotherapy”showed the most beneficial results in both OS and PFS with significantly lower hazards than“sunitinib”,which is the most commonly treated agent in *** that the“TKIeTKI”structure showed relatively higher discontinuation rates with higher adverse effects,the overall beneficial sequence would be“sunitinibeeverolimuseimmunotherapy”.Conclusion:Among several sequential therapy starting with TKIs,“sunitinibeeverolimuse immunotherapy”was found to be the best scheme for mRCC patients with“favorable”or“intermediate”risks.

关键词： Tyrosinekinase inhibitor Metastaticrenalcell carcinoma Overall survival Progression-free survival

A Novel High-Efficiency Transaction Verification Scheme for Blockchain Systems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1613-1633页

作者： Jingyu Zhang Pian Zhou Jin Wang Osama Alfarraj Saurabh Singh min Zhu School of Computer&Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410015China Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory School of Systems EngineeringNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China Computer Science Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Department of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Woosong UniversityDaejeon34606South Korea College of Information Science and Technology Zhejiang Shuren UniversityHangzhou310015China

Blockchain can realize the reliable storage of a large amount of data that is chronologically related and verifiable within the *** technology has been widely used and has developed rapidly in big data systems across various *** increasing number of users are participating in application systems that use blockchain as their underlying *** the number of transactions and the capital involved in blockchain grow,ensuring information security becomes *** the verification of transactional information security and privacy has emerged as a critical ***-based verification methods can effectively eliminate the need for centralized third-party ***,the efficiency of nodes in storing and verifying blockchain data faces unprecedented *** address this issue,this paper introduces an efficient verification scheme for transaction ***,it presents a node evaluation module to estimate the activity level of user nodes participating in transactions,accompanied by a probabilistic analysis for all ***,this paper optimizes the conventional transaction organization form,introduces a heterogeneous Merkle tree storage structure,and designs algorithms for constructing these heterogeneous *** analyses and simulation experiments conclusively demonstrate the superior performance of this *** verifying the same number of transactions,the heterogeneous Merkle tree transmits less data and is more efficient than traditional *** findings indicate that the heterogeneous Merkle tree structure is suitable for various blockchain applications,including the Internet of *** scheme can markedly enhance the efficiency of information verification and bolster the security of distributed systems.

关键词： Blockchain architecture transaction verification information security heterogeneous Merkle tree distributed systems

Effect of temperature and reaction path interaction on fluidization reduction kinetics of iron ore powder

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 1840-1849页

作者： Guo-min Zhu ming-wei Hu An-nan Dou Jin-yu Huang Jing Ding Qi-yan Xu School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243002AnhuiChina

Due to the instability of FeO at temperatures below 843 K,the fuidization reduction pathway of iron ore powder changes with the reduction ***,the effect of temperature and reaction pathway interaction on the kinetics of fuidization reduction of iron ore powder under low-temperature conditions ranging from 783 to 903 K was investigated to describe the fluidization reduction rate of iron ore powder from three aspects:microstructure change,reaction limiting link,and apparent activation energy of the reaction,exploring their internal *** experimental results revealed that in a temperature range of 783-813 K,the formation of a dense iron layer hindered the internal diffusion of reducing gas,resulting in relatively high gas diffusion *** addition,due to the differences in limiting links and reaction pathways in the intermediate stage of reduction,the apparent activation energy of the reaction *** apparent activation energy of the reaction ranged from 23.36 to 89.13 kJ/mol at temperature ranging from 783 to 813 K,while it ranged from 14.30 to 68.34 kJ/mol at temperature ranging from 873 to 903 K.

关键词： Reaction limiting link Gas internal diffusion Interface reaction Apparent activation energy Iron ore powder Reaction pathway Fluidization reduction

Research and analysis of Brillouin distributed sensing system based on quasi-single-mode few-mode fiber

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第1期20卷 7-11页

作者： LI Yongqian LIU Zijuan ZHANG Lixin TIAN min FAN Haijun Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Baoding Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Optical Communication Technology North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China

A distributed fiber sensor was fabricated by splicing two single-mode fibers(SMFs)using the few-mode fiber(FMF)technique.A Brillouin optical time domain analysis(BOTDA)system was developed to measure the sensor’s temperature and bending ***-mode and four-mode step FMFs were combined to splice the few-mode *** results indicate that the temperature response coefficients of the few-mode segment are only slightly higher than those of the connected single-mode segment,measuring at 1.13 MHz/℃and 1.12 MHz/℃,*** minimum bending radius for the sensor is 0.9 cm,and the four-mode bending response curve is superior to that of the two-mode one,proving that 4-SI-FMF offers better bending sensitivity.

关键词： fiber technique mode

Strongly Coupled Ag/Sn-SnO_(2)Nanosheets Toward CO_(2)Electroreduction to Pure HCOOH Solutions at Ampere‑Level Current

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 212-226页

作者： min Zhang Aihui Cao Yucui Xiang Chaogang Ban Guang Han Junjie Ding Li‑Yong Gan Xiaoyuan Zhou College of Physics and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Fuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China Institute of New Energy Storage Materials and Equipment Chongqing 401135People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Coal mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2) converts intermittent renewable electricity into value-added liquid products with an enticing prospect,but its practical application is hampered due to the lack of high-performance ***,we elaborately design and develop strongly coupled nanosheets composed of Ag nanoparticles and Sn-SnO_(2) grains,designated as Ag/Sn-SnO_(2) nanosheets(NSs),which possess optimized electronic structure,high electrical conductivity,and more accessible *** a result,such a catalyst exhibits unprecedented catalytic performance toward CO_(2)-to-formate conversion with near-unity faradaic efficiency(≥90%),ultrahigh partial current density(2,000 mA cm^(−2)),and superior long-term stability(200 mA cm^(−2),200 h),surpassing the reported catalysts of CO_(2) electroreduction to ***,in situ attenuated total reflection-infrared spectra combined with theoretical calculations revealed that electron-enriched Sn sites on Ag/Sn-SnO_(2)NSs not only promote the formation of*OCHO and alleviate the energy barriers of*OCHO to*HCOOH,but also impede the desorption of H*.Notably,the Ag/Sn-SnO_(2)NSs as the cathode in a membrane electrode assembly with porous solid electrolyte layer reactor can continuously produce~0.12 M pure HCOOH solution at 100 mA cm^(−2)over 200 *** work may inspire further development of advanced electrocatalysts and innovative device systems for promoting practical application of producing liquid fuels from CO_(2).

关键词： Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction Coupled Ag/Sn-SnO_(2)nanosheets Electronic structure Porous solid electrolyte Pure

Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines and their association with depressive symptoms in adolescents: Evidence from Bangladesh

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 76-81页

作者： Asaduzzaman Khan Kazi Rumana Ahmed Eun-young Lee School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The University of QueenslandAustralia Bangladesh University of Health Sciences Bangladesh Active Healthy Kids Bangladesh(AHKBD) Bangladesh School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen's UniversityKingstonONK7L2N9Canada

Healthy movement behaviours are associated with various physical and mental wellbeing;however,little is known about such associations in low-and middle-income *** aim of this study was to examine adherence to 24-hour(h)movement guidelines and their relationship with depressive symptoms in *** were from 312 Bangladeshi adolescents aged 13-17 years(42%female).Meeting the guidelines was defined as:energy expenditure for physical activity(PA)1680 Metabolic Equivalent of Task(MET)-min/week,2 h/day of recreational screen time(ST),and 8-10 h/night of *** symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CESD-10)with a score of 10 or more indicating high depressive *** of adolescents meeting the three recommendations was 2.2%,with 17.6%meeting two,and 31.2%meeting one *** estimating equations showed that odds of having high depressive symptoms was a third(odds ratio[OR]=0.35,95%confidence interval[CI],0.19-0.57)for meeting the PA guidelines,and about a half(OR=0.47,95%CI,0.18-0.87)for meeting the sleep *** of depressive symptoms reduced significantly for meeting PA and sleep(OR=0.20,95%CI,0.09-0.59),or PA and ST(OR=0.24,95%CI,0.08-0.55)*** half of the adolescents did not meet any recommendations,which underscores the need for public health campaigns to promote adherence to the movement guidelines in this pediatric *** longitudinal research with larger sample size is recommended to explore the inter-relationships of these behaviours and their impact on health and wellbeing outcomes of adolescents in Bangladesh.

关键词： Movement behaviours Exercise Children Illbeing Sedentary behaviour

Realizing High Thermoelectric Performance in n-Type Se-Free Bi2Te3 Materials by Spontaneous Incorporation of FeTe2 Nanoinclusions

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 344-354页

作者： Jamil Ur Rahman Woo Hyun Nam Yong-Jae Jung Jong Ho Won Jong-min Oh Nguyen Van Du Gul Rahman Víctor M.García-Suárez Ran He Kornelius Nielsch Jung young Cho Won-Seon Seo Jong Wook Roh Sang-il Kim Soonil Lee Kyu Hyoung Lee Hyun Sik Kim Weon Ho Shin Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Advanced Materials Convergence R&D Division Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Kwangwoon University Department of Energy Engineering Dankook University Faculty of Fundamental Science Phenikaa University Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Departamento de Física Universidad de Oviedo Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center-CINN Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei University School of Nano & Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Seoul School of Materials Science and Engineering Changwon National University

Bi2Te3-based materials have drawn much attention from the thermoelectric community due to their excellent thermoelectric performance near room ***,the stability of existing n-type Bi2（Te,Se）3materials is still low due to the evaporation energy of Se (37.70 kJ mol-1) being much lower than that of Te (52.55 kJ mol-1).The evaporated Se from the material causes problems in interconnects of the module while degrading the efficiency.

关键词： Bi2Te3 energy harvesting FeTe2 nanoinclusion n-type materials thermoelectric

Gut microbial interactions based on network construction and bacterial pairwise cultivation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1751-1762页

作者： min-Zhi Jiang Chang Liu Chang Xu He Jiang Yulin Wang Shuang-Jiang Liu State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266000China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center(EMRC)Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Association networks are widely applied for the prediction of bacterial interactions in studies of human gut ***,the experimental validation of the predicted interactions is challenging due to the complexity of gut microbiomes and the limited number of cultivated *** this study,we addressed this challenge by integrating in vitro time series network(TSN)associations and cocultivation of TSN taxon *** samples were collected and used for cultivation and enrichment of gut microbiome on YCFA agar plates for 13 *** cells were harvested for DNA extraction and metagenomic sequencing.A total of 198 metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs)were *** dynamics of bacteria growing on the YCFA agar were used to infer microbial association *** experimentally validate the interactions of taxon pairs in networks,we selected 24 and 19 bacterial strains from this study and from the previously established human gut microbial biobank,respectively,for pairwise *** co-culture experiments revealed that most of the interactions between taxa in networks were identified as neutralism(51.67%),followed by commensalism(21.67%),amensalism(18.33%),competition(5%)and exploitation(3.33%).Genome-centric analysis further revealed that the commensal gut bacteria(helpers and beneficiaries)might interact with each other via the exchanges of amino acids with high biosynthetic costs,short-chain fatty acids,and/or *** also validated 12 beneficiaries by adding 16 additives into the basic YCFA medium and found that the growth of 66.7%of these strains was significantly *** approach provides new insights into the gut microbiome complexity and microbial interactions in association *** work highlights that the positive relationships in gut microbial communities tend to be overestimated,and that amino acids,short-chain fatty acids,and vitamins are contributed to the positive relationships.

关键词： human gut microbiome gut microbial pairwise interaction co-culture association network microbial community