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NKX2-3 and IRGM variants are associated with diseasesu sceptibility to IBD in Eastern European patients

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第41期16卷 5233-5240页

作者： Nora Meggyesi Lajos S Kiss Magdalena Koszarska Martin Bortlik Dana Duricova Laszlo Lakatos Tamas Molnar Martin Lenicek Libor Vítek Istvan Altorjay Maria Papp Zsolt Tulassay Pal Miheller Janos Papp Attila Tordai Hajnalka Andrikovics milan lukas Peter Laszlo Lakatos Department of Molecular Diagnostics Hun-garian National Blood Transfusion Service H-1113 BudapestHungary 1st Depart-ment of Medicine Semmelweis University H-1083 BudapestHungary IBD Clinicaland Research Centre ISCARE IVF and 1st Medical FacultyCharles University 170 04 Prague Czech Republic 1st Department of Medicine Csolnoky F.County Hospital H8200 Veszprem Hungary 1st Department of Medicine University ofSzeged H6720 Szeged Hungary Department of Biochemistry andLaboratory Diagnostics 1st Medical Faculty Charles Univer-sity 170 04 Prague Czech Republic 2nd Department of Medicine University of Debrecen H4032 Debrecen Hungary 2nd Department of Medicine Semmelweis University H1085 Budapest Hungary

AIM: To investigate variants of immunity-related GT-Pase family M (IRGM) and NKX2-3 genes and genotype-phenotype in Eastern European patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).METHODS: We analyzed 1707 Hungarian and Czech subjects with Crohn’s disease (CD) (n = 810, age: 37.1 ± 12.6 years, duration: 10.7 ± 8.4 years) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 428, age: 43.7 ± 15.0 years, duration: 12.6 ± 9.9 years), as well as 469 healthy controls. IRGM rs13361189, NKX2-3 rs10883365 and ECM1 rs13294 polymorphisms were tested by LightCy-cler allele discrimination. Detailed clinical phenotypes were determined by reviewing the medical charts. RESULTS: NKX2-3 rs10883365 variant allele was as-sociated with increased risk for CD (P = 0.009, OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.06-1.48) and UC (P = 0.001, OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.13-1.63), whereas variant IRGM allele increased risk for CD (P = 0.029, OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.03-1.79). In contrast, ECM1 rs13294 was not associat-ed with either CD or UC. In CD, the variant IRGM allele was associated with a colon-only location (P = 0.02, OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.07-2.44), whereas in UC, the ECM1 variant was associated with cutaneous manifestations (P = 0.002, OR = 3.36, 95% CI = 1.48-7.63). Variant alleles did not predict resistance to steroids or azathio-prine, efficacy of infliximab, or need for surgery. CONCLUSION: NKX2-3 and IRGM are susceptibility locifor IBD in Eastern European patients. Further studies are needed to confirm the reported phenotype-genotype associations.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis NKX2-3 Immunity-related GTPase family M ECM1 Genotype Phenotype Pharmacogenetics

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Experimental investigation of radiative heat propagation in a simplified generic packed bed

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 149-160页

作者： Matthias Tyslik lukas Pörtner Siegmar Wirtz Martin Schiemann Institute of Energy Plant Technology Ruhr-University Bochum44780 BochumGermany

A novel test rig for the investigation of radiative heat transfer in packed beds has been developed and is introduced with representative experimental *** individual components and the calibration are *** generic packed bed is realized in a simplified way by an arrangement of parallel rods,which represent particles in *** this arrangement,electrically heated rods provide the radiation propagating through the rod array to heat the passive counterparts.A sophisticated temperature-control scheme with a large number of thermocouples and infrared-imaging provides in-depth information about heat transfer in the *** radiation intensities are determined with a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,which has been modified and validated for this specific *** order to compare the influence of different surface properties of particles on the heat propagation and surface reflections,rod samples made of stainless steel and magnesium oxide are *** influence of material properties becomes clearly visible by comparing the high radiation intensities resulting from a stainless steel rod array to the same geometry built from magnesium oxide *** addition,the influence of the surface properties is particularly evident in the infrared images since the reflections are significantly higher for the stainless steel samples than for the magnesium oxide *** experimental results in the current work demonstrate the ability of the test rig to provide data with a well-defined accuracy as a validation base for numerical radiation simulations in packed beds.

关键词： Thermal radiation Spectral reflections Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

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Gastric carboxylesterases of the edible crab Cancer pagurus (Crustacea, Decapoda) can hydrolyze biodegradable plastics

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第1期10卷 80-89页

作者： lukas Miksch Lars Gutow Reinhard Saborowski Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchAm Handelshafen 1227570BremerhavenGermany

A promising strategy to counteract the progressing plastic pollution of the environment can involve the replacement of persistent plastics with biodegradable *** polymers are enzymatically degradable by various hydrolytic ***,these materials can reach the environment in the same way as conventional ***,they are accessible to terrestrial,freshwater,and marine *** ingested by marine organisms,highly active enzymes in their digestive tracts may break down biodegradable *** incubated microparticles of five different biodegradable plastics,based on polylactictic acid(PLA),polybutylene succinate(PBS),polybutylene adipate terephthalate(PBAT)and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate(PHBV),in-vitro with the gastric fluid of the edible crab Cancer pagurus and evaluated the hydrolysis rates by pH Stat titration.A plastic blend of PLA with PBAT showed the highest hydrolysis *** enzymes in the gastric fluid of crabs were separated by anion exchange *** with carboxylesterase activity were identified using fluorescent methylumbelliferyl(MUF)-*** fractions with high carboxylesterase activity also hydrolyzed a PLA/PBAT plastic *** showed molecular masses of 40–45 kDa as determined by native gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).Our study demonstrated that digestive carboxylesterases in the gastric fluid of *** exhibit a high potential for hydrolyzing certain biodegradable *** esterases are common in the digestive tract of organisms,it seems likely that other invertebrates possess the ability to hydrolyze biodegradable plastics.

关键词： Biodegradable plastics Microplastics Crustaceans Ingestion Enzymes Enzymatic degradation

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Numerical study of novel OME_(1-6) combustion mechanism and spray combustion at changed ambient environments

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第4期18卷 483-505页

作者： Frederik WIESMANN Zeyan QIU Dong HAN lukas STRAUβ Sebastian RIEβ Michael WENSING Thomas LAUER Institute of Powertrains and Automotive Technology TU Wien1060 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Professorship for Fluid Systems Technology Friedrich-AlexanderUniversität Erlangen-Nürnberg91058 ErlangenGermany

For a climate-neutral future mobility,the socalled e-fuels can play an essential ***,oxygenated e-fuels containing oxygen in their chemical formula have the additional potential to burn with significantly lower soot *** particular,polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers or oxymethylene ethers(PODEs or OMEs)do not contain carbon-carbon bonds,prohibiting the production of soot precursors like acetylene(C_(2)H_(2)).These properties make OMEs a highly interesting candidate for future climate-neutral compression-ignition ***,to fully leverage their potential,the auto-ignition process,flame propagation,and mixing regimes of the combustion need to be *** achieve this,efficient oxidation mechanisms suitable for computational fluid dynamics(CFD)calculations must be developed and *** present work aims to highlight the improvements made by developing an adapted oxidation mechanism for OME1-6 and introducing it into a validated spray combustion CFD model for *** simulations were conducted for single-and multi-injection patterns,changing ambient temperatures,and oxygen *** results were validated against high-pressure and high-temperature constantpressure chamber ****-chemiluminescence measurements accomplished the characterization of the auto-ignition *** experiments and simulations were conducted for two different *** improvements concerning the prediction of the ignition delay time were accomplished while also retaining an excellent agreement for the flame lift-off *** spatial zones of high-temperature reaction activity were also affected by the adaption of the reaction *** showed a greater tendency to form OH^(*) radicals within the center of the spray in accordance with the experiments.

关键词： oxygenated fuels reaction kinetics oxidation mechanisms computational fluid dynamics(CFD) oxymethylene ethers(OME) e-fuels multiinjection spray-combustion

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Context-aware reinforcement learning for cooling operation of data centers with an Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 233-246页

作者： lukas Leindals Peter Grønning Dominik Franjo Dominković Rune Grønborg Junker Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of DenmarkDenmark

Data centers are often equipped with multiple cooling units. Here, an aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system has shown to be efficient. However, the usage of hot and cold-water wells in the ATES must be balanced for legal and environmental reasons. Reinforcement Learning has been proven to be a useful tool for optimizing the cooling operation at data centers. Nonetheless, since cooling demand changes continuously, balancing the ATES usage on a yearly basis imposes an additional challenge in the form of a delayed reward. To overcome this, we formulate a return decomposition, Cool-RUDDER, which relies on simple domain knowledge and needs no training. We trained a proximal policy optimization agent to keep server temperatures steady while minimizing operational costs. Comparing the Cool-RUDDER reward signal to other ATES-associated rewards, all models kept the server temperatures steady at around 30 °C. An optimal ATES balance was defined to be 0% and a yearly imbalance of −4.9% with a confidence interval of [−6.2, −3.8]% was achieved for the Cool 2.0 reward. This outperformed a baseline ATES-associated reward of 0 at −16.3% with a confidence interval of [−17.1, −15.4]% and all other ATES-associated rewards. However, the improved ATES balance comes with a higher energy consumption cost of 12.5% when comparing the relative cost of the Cool 2.0 reward to the zero reward, resulting in a trade-off. Moreover, the method comes with limited requirements and is applicable to any long-term problem satisfying a linear state-transition system.

关键词： Data centers ATES Smart energy systems Reinforcement learning Delayed rewards

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EVA NEXUS-Phaco performance study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1447-1452页

作者： lukas Feldhaus Andreas Ohlmann Stefan Kassumeh Siegfried Priglinger Wolfgang Mayer Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80336Germany

AIM:To investigate a novel phacoemulsification system“EVA NEXUS”(D.O.R.C.,Dutch Opthalmic Research Center)in comparison to the existing system“EVA”in clinical *** to compare both phacoemulsification systems in terms of efficiency,safety and postoperative inflammatory ***:In this study standardized cataract surgery was performed on both eyes of the study participant,using the“EVA system”(control group,n=20)on one eye and the“EVA NEXUS system”(intervention group,n=20)on the other *** patients with cataract LOCS Grading 1-3 and no accompanying eye diseases were included in this study.A total of 20 patients were included in this study,with each treatment arm including 20 *** surgery a 0.1 mL aqueous humor sample was collected 1min after phacoemulsification to measure the total prostaglanin E2 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** endothelial cell count,visual and refractive outcomes,and anterior chamber flare were evaluated preoperatively,and 1d,1wk,and 3mo ***:There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding intraoperative safety parameters including effective phacoemulsification time(P=0.904),balanced saline solution flow(P=0.701)and total surgery time(P=0.565).Postoperative prostaglandin E2 levels,anterior chamber flare as well as endothelial cell loss tended to be lower in the NEXUS-Group,however not being statistically significant(P=0.718;0.164;0.486).Both systems provided similar clinical outcomes,regarding best corrected visual acuity and refractive parameters,showing no statistically significant differences between both ***:Both systems show a high level of safety and efficency with similar results in terms of safety parameters including postoperative inflammatory activity and endothelial cell loss as well as visual and refractive *** statistically not significant,the EVA NEXUS system tends to cause less postoperative inflammatio

关键词： cataract surgery phacoemulsification fluidics instrument

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Explainability and Interpretability in Electric Load Forecasting Using Machine Learning Techniques–A Review

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 483-496页

作者： lukas Baur Konstantin Ditschuneit Maximilian Schambach Can Kaymakci Thomas Wollmann Alexander Sauer Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Nobelstraße 12Stuttgart70569Germany Institute for Energy Efficiency in Production(EEP) University of StuttgartNobelstraße 12Stuttgart70569Germany Merantix Momentum GmbH Max-Urich-Straße 3Berlin13355Germany

Electric Load Forecasting(ELF)is the central instrument for planning and controlling demand response programs,electricity trading,and consumption *** to the increasing automation of these processes,meaningful and transparent forecasts become more and more ***,at the same time,the complexity of the used machine learning models and architectures *** there is an increasing interest in interpretable and explainable load forecasting methods,this work conducts a literature review to present already applied approaches regarding explainability and interpretability for load forecasts using Machine *** on extensive literature research covering eight publication portals,recurring modeling approaches,trends,and modeling techniques are identified and clustered by properties to achieve more interpretable and explainable load *** results on interpretability show an increase in the use of probabilistic models,methods for time series decomposition and the use of fuzzy logic in addition to classically interpretable *** explainable approaches are Feature Importance and Attention *** discussion shows that a lot of knowledge from the related field of time series forecasting still needs to be adapted to the problems in *** to other applications of explainable and interpretable methods such as clustering,there are currently relatively few research results,but with an increasing trend.

关键词： Electric load forecasting Explainability InterpretabilityStructured review

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用于单片集成传感系统的多晶硅级联自发光器件研究

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光子学报 2024年第5期53卷 180-188页

作者：唐宇罗谦刘斯扬 SNYMAN lukas W 徐开凯电子科技大学电子薄膜与集成器件全国重点实验室成都611731 东南大学国家ASIC工程中心无锡214000 南非大学电子工程系南非比勒陀利亚0001

针对全硅光电生物传感器的硅基单片集成应用需求,提出了基于多晶硅级联自发光器件的单片集成传感器,对其中作为关键部分的多晶硅光源进行了试制,采用标准0.35μm的CMOS工艺对该光源进行了流片验证,并设计了适配的全硅波导检测结构。结... 详细信息

针对全硅光电生物传感器的硅基单片集成应用需求,提出了基于多晶硅级联自发光器件的单片集成传感器,对其中作为关键部分的多晶硅光源进行了试制,采用标准0.35μm的CMOS工艺对该光源进行了流片验证,并设计了适配的全硅波导检测结构。结果表明,多晶硅光源发光特征峰为635 nm、700 nm和785 nm,该特征峰作为波导入射光源时,设计的全硅波导检测结构能够实现检测目的。

关键词：单片集成硅基光源氮化硅波导生物传感器折射率传感

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Enhancing 3D Reconstruction Accuracy of FIB Tomography Data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Machine Learning

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Trushal Sardhara Alexander Shkurmanov Yong Li lukas Riedel Shan Shi Christian J.Cyron Roland C.Aydin Martin Ritter Institute for Continuum and Material Mechanics Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Electron Microscopy Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Physics and Technology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Mechanics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany Research Group of Integrated Metallic Nanomaterials Systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Material Systems Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of *** approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image ***,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current *** artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm *** study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of *** treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3D reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.

关键词： Multimodal machine learning Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Overdeterministic systems 3D reconstruction FIB tomography

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Scalable orthogonal delay-division multiplexed OEO artificial neural network trained for TI-ADC equalization

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 85-105页

作者： ANDREA ZAZZI ARKA DIPTA DAS lukas HüSSEN RENATO NEGRA JEREMY WITZENS Institute of Integrated Photonics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany Chair of High-Frequency Electronics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany

We propose a new signaling scheme for on-chip optical-electrical-optical artificial neural networks that utilizes orthogonal delay-division multiplexing and pilot-tone-based self-homodyne *** scheme offers a more efficient scaling of the optical power budget with increasing network *** simulations,based on220 nm silicon-on-insulator silicon photonics technology,suggest that the network can support 31×31 neurons,with 961 links and freely programmable weights,using a single 500 m W optical comb and a signal-to-noise ratio of 21.3 d B per ***,it features a low sensitivity to temperature fluctuations,ensuring that it can be operated outside of a laboratory *** demonstrate the network’s effectiveness in nonlinear equalization tasks by training it to equalize a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter(ADC)architecture,achieving an effective number of bits over 4 over the entire 75 GHz ADC *** anticipate that this network architecture will enable broadband and low latency nonlinear signal processing in practical settings such as ultra-broadband data converters and real-time control systems.

关键词： network delay artificial

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