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Insect Science 2021年第5期28卷 1482-1490页

作者： vitali Zverev mikhail v.kozlov Department of Biology University of TurkuTurkuFinland

Env ironmental pollution is currently identified as one of the major drivers of rapid decline of insect populations,and this finding has revitalized interest in insect responses to *** tested the hypothesis that the pollution-induced decline of insect populations can be predicted from phenotypic stress responses expressed as morphological differences between populations inhabiting polluted and unpolluted *** explored populations of the brassy tortrix Eulia ministrana in subarctic forests along an environmental disturbance gradient created by long-lasting severe impacts of aerial emissions of the copper-nickel smelter in Monchegorsk,northwestern *** used pheromone traps to measure the population densities of this leafrolling moth and to collect specimens for assessment of three morphological stress indices:size,forewing melanization,and fluctuating asymmetry in wing *** length of *** increased by 10%,and neither forewing melanization nor fluctuating asymmetry changed from the unpolluted forest to the heavily polluted industrial ***,the population density of *** decreased 5 to 10 fold in the same pollution ***,none of the studied potential morphological stress indicators signaled vulnerability of *** to environmental pollution and/or to pollution-induced environmental *** conclude that insect populations can decline without any visible signs of *** use of morphological proxies of insect fitness to predict the consequences of human impact on insect populations is therefore risky until causal relationships between these proxies and insect abundance are deciphered.

关键词： copper-nickel smelter fluctuating asymmetry industrial melanism Kola Peninsula moth size pheromone trapping

High tolerance to simulated root herbivory in hydroponically grown cuttings of Salix phylicifolia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2661-2668页

作者： mikhail v.kozlov Elena L.Zvereva Department of Biology University of Turku20014TurkuFinland

The shortage of information regarding the effects of root damage on forest plants,especially trees and shrubs,is the most critical gap in our knowledge of belowground insect *** study examines how the tea-leaved willow,Salix phylicifolia,responds to simulated root herbivory and how nutrient availability affects these *** grown cuttings were used to precisely apply the desired levels of root ***:shoot ratios increased proportionally to the intensity of root damage,whereas specific leaf area,leaf water content and chlorophyll fluorescence were not *** removal of 2-64%of roots once in early summer and the removal of 25%of roots three times during the summer did not change biomass production by *** repeated removal of 50 and 75%of roots decreased shoot biomass and,to a lesser extent,total root *** tolerance of tea-leaved willow to root damage was greater in low nutrient treatment than in high nutrient treatment,thus supporting the Growth Rate *** to this model,in low resource conditions plants do not attain their maximum growth rate and therefore have a higher capacity for regrowth after *** conclude that,in the absence of water limitations,tea-leaved willow shows high tolerance to root losses and is unlikely to be affected by realistic levels of root herbivory.

关键词： Belowground herbivory Chlorophyll fluorescence Leaf water content Plant growth

Poleward increase in feeding efficiency of leafminer Stigmella lapponica(Lepidoptera:Nepticulidae)in a latitudinal gradient crossing a boreal forest zone

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 857-866页

作者： mikhail v.kozlov vitali Zverev Tobias M.Sandner Erik J.van Nieukerken Elena L.Zvereva Department of Biology University of TurkuTurkuFinland Department of Biology Philipps-Universitat MarburgMarburgGermany Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leidenthe Netherlands

Damage to plant communities imposed by insect herbivores generally decreases from low to high *** decrease is routinely attributed to declines in herbivore abundance and/or diversity,whereas latitudinal changes in per capita food consumption remain virtually ***,we tested the hypothesis that the lifetime food consumption by a herbivore individual decreases from low to high latitudes due to a temperature-driven decrease in metabolic *** 2016 to 2019,we explored latitudinal changes in multiple characteristics of linear(gallery)mines made by larvae of the pygmy moth,Stigmella lapponica,in leaves of downy birch,Betula *** mined leaves were larger than intact leaves at the southern end of our latitudinal gradient(at 60°N)but smaller than intact leaves at its northern end(at 69°N),suggesting that female oviposition preference changes with *** latitudinal changes were observed in larval size,mine length or area,and in per capita food consumption,but the larval feeding efficiency(quantified as the ratio between larval size and mine size)increased with ***,*** larvae consumed less foliar biomass at higher latitudes than at lower latitudes to reach the same *** on space-for-time substitution,we suggest that climate warming will increase metabolic expenses of insect herbivores with uncertain consequences for plant-herbivore interactions.

关键词： Betula pubescens climate change food quality insect herbivory metabolic expenses oviposition preference

Climate shapes the spatiotemporal variation in color morph diversity and composition across the distribution range of Chrysomela lapponica leaf beetle

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 942-955页

作者： mikhail v.kozlov Zowi Oudendijk Anders Forsman vojtech Lanta Maxwell v.L.Barclay vladimir I.Gusarov Bert Gustafsson Zheng-Zhong Huang Oksana Y.Kruglova Yuri M.Marusik Yuri E.mikhailov Marko Mutanen Alexander Schneider Lukas Sekerka Maksim E.Sergeev vitali Zverev Elena L.Zvereva Department of Biology University of TurkuTurkuFinland Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Biology and Environmental Science Linnaeus UniversityKalmarSweden Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of SciencesDukelskaTrebohCzech Republic Department of Life Sciences Natural History MuseumLondonUnited Kingdom Natural History Museum University of OsloOsloNorway Departmant of Zoology Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryStockholmSweden elnsititute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Faculty of Biology Belarusian State UniversityMinskBelarus Department of Biocenology Institute for Biological Problems of the NorthFar East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesMagadanRussia Department of Zoology&Entomology University of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa Department of Ecology&Nature Management Ural State Forest Engineering UniversityYekaterinburgRussia Ecology and Genetics Research Unit University of OuluOuluFinland Department of Terrestrial Zoology Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History MuseumFrankfurt am MainGermany Department of Entomology National MuseumPrague 9CirkusovaCzech Republic Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia

Color polymorphism offers rich opportunities for studying the eco-evolutionary mechanisms that drive the adaptations of local populations to heterogeneous and changing *** explored the color morph diversity and composition in a Chrysomela lapponica leaf beetle across its entire distribution range to test the hypothesis that environmental and climatic variables shape spatiotemporal variation in the phenotypic structure of a polymorphic *** obtained information on 13617 specimens of this beetle from museums,private collections,and *** specimens(collected from 1830-2020)originated from 959 localities spanning 33°latitude,178°longitude,and 4200 m *** classified the beetles into five color morphs and searched for environmental factors that could explain the variation in the level of polymorphism(quantified by the Shannon diversity index)and in the relative frequencies of individual color *** highest level of polymorphism was found at high latitudes and *** color morphs differed in their climatic requirements;composition of colour morphs was independent of the geographic distance that separated populations but changed with collection year,longitude,mean July temperature and betweenyear temperature *** proportion of melanic beetles,in line with the thermal melanism hypothesis,increased with increasing latitude and altitude and decreased with increasing climate *** morph frequencies also declined during the past century,but only at high latitudes and altitudes where recent climate warming was especially *** observed patterns suggest that color polymorphism is especially advantageous for populations inhabiting unpredictable environments,presumably due to the different climatic requirements of coexisting color morphs.

关键词： adaptive polymorphism color morphs evolutionary dynamics geographic variation phenotypic diversity thermal melanism

MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip v.Peplow Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We performed a PubMed search for microRNA biomarkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microRNA profiling in bloodand brain-based materials. From the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be miR-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, miR-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasma, and miR-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had investigated the changes in microRNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiving treatment. One showed a significant increase in plasma miR-134 compared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed medications which included neurotransmitter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedatives, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microRNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for miR-219 and-29c with miR-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. MicroRNAs were tested to see if they could serve as biomarkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of mania, depression, and euthymia. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of miR-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of miR-107,-125a-3p occurred in manic and euthymic patients compared to controls, respectively, and that upregulation of miR-106a-5p,-107 was found for manic compared to euthymic patients. In two other studies using blood plasma,downregulation of miR-134 was observed i

关键词： biomarker bipolar disorder blood leukocytes blood plasma blood plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular vesicles/exosomes lymphoblastoid cell lines microRNA neural progenitor cells whole blood

Autism spectrum disorder:difficulties in diagnosis and microRNA biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2776-2786页

We performed a PubMed search for microRNAs in autism spectrum disorder that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in patients and selected 17 articles published from January 2008 to December 2023,of which 4 studies were performed with whole blood,4 with blood plasma,5 with blood serum,1 with serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles,1 with blood cells,and 2 with peripheral blood mononuclear *** of the studies involved children and the study cohorts were largely *** of the studies had performed microRNA sequencing or quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to measure microRNA *** five studies had used real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to validate microRNA expression in autism spectrum disorder subjects compared to *** microRNAs that were validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder and include miR-500a-5p,-197-5p,-424-5p,-664a-3p,-365a-3p,-619-5p,-664a-3p,-3135a,-328-3p,and-500a-5p in blood plasma and miR-151a-3p,-181b-5p,-320a,-328,-433,-489,-572,-663a,-101-3p,-106b-5p,-19b-3p,-195-5p,and-130a-3p in blood serum of children,and miR-15b-5p and-6126 in whole blood of *** important limitations were identified in the studies reviewed,and need to be taken into account in future *** studies are warranted with children and adults having different levels of autism spectrum disorder severity and consideration should be given to using animal models of autism spectrum disorder to investigate the effects of suppressing or overexpressing specific microRNAs as a novel therapy.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder biomarker blood cells blood plasma blood serum diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles whole blood

MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1957-1970页

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder caused by exposure to severe traumatic life ***,there are no validated biomarkers or laboratory tests that can distinguish between trauma survivors with and without post-traumatic stress *** addition,the heterogeneity of clinical presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder and the overlap of symptoms with other conditions can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate *** suggests that this condition is a multisystem disorder that affects many biological systems,raising the possibility that peripheral markers of disease may be used to diagnose post-traumatic stress *** performed a PubMed search for microRNAs(miRNAs)in post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published January 2012 to December *** included four studies with whole blood,seven with peripheral blood mononuclear cells,four with plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes,and one with serum *** of these studies had also used whole *** studies were excluded as they did not involve microRNA *** of the studies had collected samples from adult male veterans who had returned from deployment and been exposed to combat,and only two were from recently traumatized adult *** measuring miRNA expression levels,many of the studies had used microarray miRNA analysis,miRNA Seq analysis,or NanoString *** six studies had used real time polymerase chain reaction assay to determine/validate miRNA expression in PTSD subjects compared to *** miRNAs that were found/validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for PTSD and include miR-3130-5p in whole blood;miR-193a-5p,-7113-5p,-125a,-181c,and-671-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells;miR-10b-5p,-203a-3p,-4488,-502-3p,-874-3p,-5100,and-7641 in plasma extracellular vesicles/

关键词： biomarker diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes post-traumatic stress disorder serum exosomes whole blood whole plasma

Semantic Segmentation of Lumbar vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on Spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi S v v Shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam Sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar Spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

An SPH Framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of Geotechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski G.v.Ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.v.P.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical