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Planetary Homeostasis of Reactive Nitrogen Through Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation

Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 175-183页

作者： Guibing Zhu Bangrui Lan shuci Liu Cameron m.Callbeck shanyun Wang Liping Jiang Asheesh Kumar Yadav Jan Vymazal mike s.m.jetten Ganlin Zhang Yongguan Zhu Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Environment and science Queensland GovernmentBrisbaneQLD 4102Australia Department of Environmental sciences University of BaselBasel 4056Switzerland CsIR-Institute of minerals and materials Technology Bhubaneswar 751013India Faculty of Environmental sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePraha 16521Czech Republic Department of microbiology Radboud UniversityNijmegen 6525 XZThe Netherlands Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China state Key Laboratory of soil and sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The availability of nitrogen(N)is crucial for both the productivity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems ***,the overuse of artificial fertilizers and the energy required to fix nitrogen have pushed the global nitrogen cycle(N-cycle)past its safe operating limits,leading to severe nitrogen pollution and the production of significant amounts of greenhouse gas nitrous oxide(N2O).The anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)mechanism can counteract the release of ammonium and N2O in many oxygenlimited situations,assisting in the restoration of the homeostasis of the Earth’s N *** this work,we looked into the characteristics of the anammox hotspots’distribution across various types of ecosystems *** hotspots are present at diverse oxic-anoxic interfaces in terrestrial systems,and they are most prevalent at the oxic-anoxic transition zone in aquatic *** on the discovery of an anammox hotspot capable of oxidizing ammonium anoxically into N2 without N2O by-product,we then designed an innovative concept and technical routes of nature-based anammox hotspot geoengineering for climate change,biodiversity loss,and efficient utilization of water *** 15 years of actual use,anammox hotspot geoengineering has proven to be effective in ensuring clean drinking water,regulating the climate,fostering plant and animal diversity,and enhancing longterm environmental *** sustainable biogeoengineering of anammox could be a workable natural remedy to resolve the conflicts between environmental pollution and food security connected to N management.

关键词： Biogeochemical N-cycle Oxic-anoxic interface Nature-based solution Biogeoengineering Nitrogen sustainable development

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厌氧氨氧化和甲烷氧化在湿地生态系统氮循环中的潜在作用

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渔业现代化 2014年第6期41卷 63-66页

作者： Guibing Zhu mike s.m.jetten Peter Kuschk 刘忠松中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所

1背景和介绍厌氧氨氧化（ Anammox），即铵盐的厌氧氧化耦合亚硝酸盐的还原，终产物为氮气（N2），是氮循环中新发现的微生物转化途径。厌氧氨氧化由化能自养型或者兼性细菌利用亚硝酸盐或者硝酸盐作为电子受体完成。厌氧氨氧化细菌属... 详细信息

1背景和介绍厌氧氨氧化（ Anammox），即铵盐的厌氧氧化耦合亚硝酸盐的还原，终产物为氮气（N2），是氮循环中新发现的微生物转化途径。厌氧氨氧化由化能自养型或者兼性细菌利用亚硝酸盐或者硝酸盐作为电子受体完成。厌氧氨氧化细菌属于一类独特的微生物，归于浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes）， Brocadiales目。厌氧氨氧化细菌最初在废水处理系统中发现，随后在自然生态系统中发现有存在和活性，比如在海洋底质、缺氧水体中以及氧含量最少的区域。

关键词：厌氧氨氧化湿地生态系统氮循环潜在作用甲烷氧化氨氧化细菌 Anammox 微生物转化

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microbial Diversity of Planctomycetes and Related Bacteria in Wetlands with Different Anthropogenic Disturbances

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湿地科学 2013年第2期11卷 158-166页

作者： Yu Wang Guibing Zhu Erwin van der Biezen mike s.m.jetten Chengqing Yin state Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Quality Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of microbiology Institute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR) Radboud University Nijmegen

The diversity of Planctomycetes and related bacteria in 3 types of freshwater wetlands with different anthropogenic disturbances were investigated by cloning and sequencing PCR-amplified partial 16s rRNA genes. Three clone libraries were constructed using 16s rRNA-targeted forward PCR primer specific for Planctomycetales and general bacterial reverse primer. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rRNA gene sequences defined 95 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 163 sequences. The clone libraries covered a wide microbial diversity of Proteobacteria and the Planctomycetes-Verrucomicrobia-Chlamydiales (PVC) superphylum. The majority of the OTUs were related to the phylum of Planctomycetes (33 OTUs), Proteobacteria (22 OTUs) and Verrucomicrobia (22 OTUs). Four known genera from the Planctomycetes phylum were all detected. The genus Pirellula (18 OTUs) dominated the Planctomycetes community, but different patterns of distribution were observed in the wetlands. The littoral wetlands of Baiyangdian Lake with the least anthropogenic disturbances covered more species and showed the highest biodiversity. However, the Jiaxing paddy fields with the highest anthropogenic disturbances showed a higher biodiversity than that in the riparian wetlands of the North Canal. Bacteria distantly related to anammox bacteria were also detected with a small proportion (4 OTUs). It showed that wetlands hold a great biodiversity of phyla Planctomycetes and related bacteria; furthermore, there is ample opportunity to discover novel phylotypes of Planctomycetes in the wetland ecosystems.

关键词： Planctomycetes biodiversity PVC superphylum anthropogenic disturbances freshwater wetlands

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In memory of Professor David Alexander Yuen

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Earthquake Research Advances 2024年第2期4卷 1-6页

作者： Gabriele morra Henry m.Tufo Ⅲ Department of Physics University of Louisiana at Lafayette 104 E University AveLafayette70504LouisianaUSA Department of Computer science University of Colorado at BoulderBoulderCO80309USA

David Alexander Yuen was born on June 14,1948,in shanghai during the Chinese Civil *** family moved to Hong Kong the following *** to the help of senator mike mansfield,a Democrat from montana,who met Dave's father during World War II,the entire family of seven moved to New York City in *** showed much enthusiasm as a student,graduating from Xavier High school in Lower manhattan in 1965,along with other successful Americans such as supreme Court Justice Antonin *** proceeded to Caltech to study chemical physics and then moved to the chemistry department at the University of California,Berkeley in 1969,where the beginning of the plate tectonics revolution inspired him to change his focus to geophysics.

关键词： Berkeley moved Lower

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ANAmmOX流化床反应器性能的研究

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环境科学学报 1998年第4期18卷 367-372页

作者：郑平冯孝善 m.s.m.jetten J.G.Kuenen 浙江农业大学环保系荷兰代尔夫特技术大学

直接以氨为电子供体的反硝化反应是一种新的生物反应，可实现对两种氮素污染物的同时去除．探索了用流化床反应器开发这一反应，以处理厌氧消化污泥压滤液的可行性．试验发现，用该技术处理，无需供氧，也无需中和，并可有效地避免基质... 详细信息

直接以氨为电子供体的反硝化反应是一种新的生物反应，可实现对两种氮素污染物的同时去除．探索了用流化床反应器开发这一反应，以处理厌氧消化污泥压滤液的可行性．试验发现，用该技术处理，无需供氧，也无需中和，并可有效地避免基质的抑制作用；平均氨和亚硝酸容积负荷率为４２８８３和４６４９１ｍｇ／（Ｌ·ｄ），平均氨和亚硝酸去除率为８８４９％和９９０４％；由于ＡＮＡＭＭＯＸ混培物产率较低，需要较长的ＳＲＴ（＞１００ｄ），有必要进一步研究ＡＮＡＭＭＯＸ混培物的生长条件，以保证ＡＮＡＭＭＯＸ反应器长期稳定运行．

关键词：废水处理生物脱氮流化床反应器

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cffdrs: an R package for the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating system

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 30-40页

作者： Xianli Wang B.mike Wotton Alan s.Cantin marc-AndréParisien Kerry Anderson Brett moore mike D.Flannigan Great Lakes Forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources Canada1219 Queen Street EastSault Ste.MarieON P6A 2E5Canada Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta751 General Service BuildingEdmontonAB T6G 2H1Canada Faculty of Forestry University of Toronto33 Willcocks St.TorontoON M5S 3B3Canada Northern Forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources Canada5320-122nd StreetEdmontonAB T6H 3S5Canada

Introduction:The Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating system(CFFDRs)is a globally known wildland fire risk assessment system,and two major components,the fire weather index system and the fire behavior prediction system,have been extensively used both nationally and internationally to aid operational wildland fire decision ***:In this paper,we present an overview of an R package cffdrs,which is developed to calculate components of the CFFDRs,and highlight some of its *** particular,we demonstrate how these functions could be used for large data *** and Discussion:With this cffdrs package,we provide a portal for not only a collection of R functions dealing with all available components in CFFDRs but also a platform for various additional developments that are useful for the understanding of fire occurrence and *** is the first time that all relevant CFFDRs methods are incorporated into the same platform,which can be accessed by both the management and research communities.

关键词： Fire behavior prediction system Fire weather index system Forest fire Forest fire risk Fuel moisture Landscape ecology

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mortality associated with gastrointestinal bleeding in children: A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第9期23卷 1608-1617页

作者： Thomas m Attard mikaela miller Chaitanya Pant Ashwath Kumar mike Thomson Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Mercy Hospital Clinical Decision support Children’s Mercy Hospital Department of Gastroenterology The University of Kansas Hospital University of missouri medical school sheffield Children’s Hospital Western Bank

AIm To determine the clinical characteristics of children with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) who died during the course of their *** We interrogated the Pediatric Hospital Information system database, including International Classification of Diseases, Current Procedural Terminology and Clinical Transaction Classification coding from 47 pediatric tertiary centers extracting the population of patients (1-21 years of age) admitted (inpatient or observation) with acute, upper or indeterminate GIB(1/2007-9/2015). Descriptive statistics, unadjusted univariate and adjusted multivariate analysis of the associations between patient characteristics and treatment course with mortality was performed with mortality as primary and endoscopy a secondary outcome of interest. All analyses were performed using the R statistical package, v.3.2.3. REsULTs The population with GIB was 19528; 54.6% were male, overall mortality was 2.07%;(0.37% in patients with the principal diagnosis of GIB). When consideringonly the mortalities in which GIB was the principal diagnosis, 48% (12 of 25 principal diagnosis GIB mortalities) died within the first 3 d of admission, whereas 19.8% of secondary diagnosis GIB patients died with 3 d of admission. Patients who died were more likely to have received octreotide (19.8% c.f. 4.04%) but tended to have not received proton pump inhibitor therapy in the first 48 h, and far less likely to have undergone endoscopy during their admission(OR = 0.489, P sease associated with a greater likelihood of endoscopy. mortalities were significantly more likely to have multiple complex chronic conditions. CONCLUsION GIB associated mortality in children is highest within 7 d of admission. multiple comorbidities are a risk factor whereas early endoscopy during the admission is protective.

关键词：儿科胃肠的出血内视镜检查法质子泵禁止者死亡肝疾病医院信息系统 Octreotide

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Evolution of siderian juvenile crust to Rhyacian high Ba-sr magmatism in the mineiro Belt, southern s?o Francisco Craton

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 977-995页

作者： Hugo moreira Luís seixas Craig storey mike Fowler stephanie Lasalle Ross stevenson Cristiano Lana school of Earth and Environmental sciences University of Portsmouth Burnaby Building Bumaby Road Portsmouth POI 3QL UK Departamento de Geologia Escola de Minas Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Ouro Preto MG 35400-000 Brazil GEOTOP Universite du Quebec a montreal RO. Box 8888 Station Centre Ville Montreal Quebec H3C 3P8 Canada

Plutonic rocks from the mineiro Belt, Brazil record a delayed onset of the transition from TTG to sanukitoid-type magmatism（high Ba-sr）, starting during the siderian magmatic lull when little juvenile magma was added to the continental crust. Rocks mostly belong to the calc-alkaline series, meta-to peraluminous and originally ＂Ⅰ-type＂,meaning that oxidized magmas were formed by partial melting of subducted material. The temporal distribution and apparent secular changes of the magmas are consistent with the onset of subduction-driven plate tectonics due to an increase of the subduction angle and opening of the mantle wedge. New isotopic analyses（sm-Nd whole rock and Lu-Hf in zircon）corroborate the restricted juvenile nature of the mineiro Belt and confirm the genetic link between the Lagoa Dourada suite,a rare ca. 2350 ma high-Al tonalite-trondhjemite magmatic event, and the sanukitoid-type ca. 2130 ma Alto maranhao suite. U-Pb dating of zircon and titanite constrain the crystallisation history of plutonic bodies; coupled with major and trace element analyses of the host rocks, they distinguish evolutionary trends in the mineiro Belt. several plutons in the region have ages close to 2130 ma but are distinguished by the lower concentration of compatible elements in the juvenile high Ba-sr suite.

关键词： sao Francisco Craton magmatic lull TTG-sanukitoid transition Zircon U-Pb-Hf Titanite U-Pb Whole rock Nd isotopes

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Large-scale destress blasting for seismicity control in hard rock mines:A case study

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International Journal of mining science and Technology 2020年第2期30卷 141-149页

作者： Isaac Vennes Hani mitri Damodara Reddy Chinnasane mike Yao Department of mining and materials Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQuebec H3A 0E8Canada Copper Cliff mine Vale Canada LtdSudbury P0M 1N0Canada

Destress blasting is a rockburst control technique where highly stressed rock is blasted to reduce the local stress and stiffness of the rock,thereby reducing its burst *** technique is commonly practiced in deep hard rock mines in burst prone developments,as well as in sill or crown pillars which become burst-prone as the orebody is ***-scale destressing is a variant of destress blasting where panels are created parallel to the orebody strike with a longhole,fanning blast pattern from cross cut drifts situated in the host *** aim of panel destressing is to reduce the stress concentration in the ore blocks or pillars to be *** paper focuses on the large-scale destress blasting program conducted at Vale's Copper Cliff mine(CCm)in Ontario,*** merits of panel destressing are examined through field measurements of mining induced stress changes in the *** destressing mechanism is simulated with a rock fragmentation factor(a)and stress reduction/dissipation factor(b).A 3D model is built and validated with measured induced stress *** is shown that the best correlation between the numerical model and field measurements is obtained when the combination of a and b indicates that the blast causes high fragmentation(a=0.05)and high stress release(b=0.95)in the destress *** is demonstrated that the burst proneness of the ore blocks in the panel stress shadow is reduced in terms of the brittle shear ratio(BsR)and the burst potential index(BPI).

关键词： Destress blasting Preconditioning Rockbursts strainbursts Numerical modeling

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Regeneration status of riparian tree species in two sites that differ in land-use in the Okavango Delta,Botswana

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第5期28卷 1073-1082页

作者： Gaolathe Tsheboeng mike murray-Hudson Keotshephile Kashe Okavango Research Institute

Human communities from the Okavango Delta benefit from the services and goods provided by the wetland ecosystem through its riparian vegetation. These include food and timber products used for the construction of shelter and canoes. Despite the importance of riparian tree species in the Delta, their regeneration structure is currently unknown. For riparian trees to be managed sustainably, information on the current regeneration status of the trees under different land uses is needed. The moremi game reserve (protected area) and seronga (communal area) were selected for this study on the regeneration of riparian tree species of Croton megalobotrys müll. Arg, Philenoptera violacea (Klotzsch) schrire, senegalia nigrescens (Acacia nigrescens) Oliv and Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. Dc. The height of each individual tree was estimated in randomly selected 30 plots (15 from each site) of 20 × 50 m for assignment to five regeneration classes: 0-0.5, 0.5-1, 1-2, 2-4 and >4 m. Linear regression was used to infer regeneration status of each species. An independent-sample student’s t test was used to determine any significance differences in seedling density/ha and sapling density/ha between different sites at p spyros mespiliformis populations had an unstable regeneration structure in both sites, while P. violacea regeneration was stable regardless of land-use type. Croton megalobotrys and s. nigrescens had an unstable regeneration pattern in seronga, while in moremi it was stable; thus, the regeneration structure of C. megalobotrys and s. nigrescens is affected by land-use. This result implies that intervention is needed to conserve the two species in seronga where the current land-use appears to be incompatible with regeneration; D. mespiliformis also needs to be conserved in both moremi and seronga.

关键词： Conservation Regeneration Riparian Okavango and wetlands

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