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Abomasal infusion of branched-chain amino acids or branched-chain keto-acids alter lactation performance and liver triglycerides in fresh cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1145-1157页

作者： Kristen Gallagher Isabelle Bernstein Cynthia Collings david Main Ghayyoor Ahmad Sarah Naughton Jayasimha daddam Vengai Mavangira mike Vandehaar Zheng Zhou department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA department of Veterinary diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Ames 50011USA

Background dairy cows are at high risk of fatty liver disease in early lactation,but current preventative measures are not always *** with fatty liver have lower circulating branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)concentra-tions whereas cows with high circulating BCAA levels have low liver triglyceride(TG).Our objective was to determine the impact of BCAA and their corresponding ketoacids(branched-chain ketoacids,BCKA)on production performance and liver TG accumulation in Holstein cows in the first 3 weeks *** Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized block design *** were abomasally infused for the first 21 d postpartum with solutions of 1)saline(CON,n=12);2)BCA(67 g valine,50 g leu-cine,and 34 g isoleucine,n=12);and 3)BCK(77 g 2-ketovaline calcium salt,57 g 2-ketoleucine calcium salt,and 39 g 2-ketoisoleucine calcium salt,n=12).All cows received the same *** effects were determined using PROC GLIMMIX in *** No differences were detected for body weight,body condition score,or dry matter intake averaged over the first 21 d *** receiving BCK had significantly lower liver TG concentrations compared to CON(6.60%vs.4.77%,standard error of the mean(SEM)0.49)during the first 3 weeks of *** of BCA increased milk yield(39.5 vs.35.3 kg/d,SEM 1.8),milk fat yield(2.10 vs.1.69 kg/d,SEM 0.08),and lactose yield(2.11 vs.1.67 kg/d,SEM 0.07)compared with *** to CON,cows receiving BCA had lower plasma glucose(55.0 vs.59.2 mg/dL,SEM 0.86)but higherβ-hydroxybutyrate(9.17 vs.6.00 mg/dL,SEM 0.80).Conclusions Overall,BCAA supplementation in this study improved milk production,whereas BCKA supplementa-tion reduced TG accumulation in the liver of fresh cows.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Branched-chain ketoacids Fatty liver Fresh cow

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Measuring Pedestrian Stress Response (MPSR) Using Wearable Technologies

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第2期14卷 224-235页

作者： Ishita dash Rachael Anne Muscatello Mark d. Abkowitz Ella R. Mostoller mike Sewell department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt University 2301 Vanderbilt Place Nashville USA department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences SENSE Lab Vanderbilt University Medical Center 1211 Medical Center Drive Nashville USA Gresham Smith 111 West Main Street Suite 201 Louisville USA

Walkability is an essential aspect of urban transportation systems. Properly designed walking paths can enhance transportation safety, encourage pedestrian activity, and improve community quality of life. This, in turn, can help achieve sustainable development goals in urban areas. This pilot study uses wearable technology data to present a new method for measuring pedestrian stress in urban environments and the results were presented as an interactive geographic information system map to support risk-informed decision-making. The approach involves analyzing data from wearable devices using heart rate variability (RMSSd and slope analysis) to identify high-stress locations. This data-driven approach can help urban planners and safety experts identify and address pedestrian stressors, ultimately creating safer, more walkable cities. The study addresses a significant challenge in pedestrian safety by providing insights into factors and locations that trigger stress in pedestrians. during the pilot study, high-stress pedestrian experiences were identified due to issues like pedestrian-scooter interaction on pedestrian paths, pedestrian behavior around high foot traffic areas, and poor visibility at pedestrian crossings due to inadequate lighting.

关键词： Wearable Technology Walkability Built Environment Pedestrian Safety

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The computerized LASSI-BC Test versus the Standard LASSI-L Paper-and-Pencil Version in Community-Based-Samples

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Advances in Alzheimer's disease 2024年第1期13卷 11-25页

作者： Rosie E. Curiel Cid Alexandra Ortega Ubbo Visser Marcela Kitaigorodsky d. diane Zheng diana Hincapie Kirsten Horne Crenshaw Ashleigh Beaulieu Brooke Bosworth Liz Gallardo Emory Neer Sofia Ramirez Elizabeth A. Crocco mike Georgiou Efrosyni Sfakianaki david A. Loewenstein Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging and department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA department of Computer Sciences University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA

Proactive Semantic Interference (PSI) and failure to recover from PSI (frPSI), are novel constructs assessed by the LASSI-L. These measures are sensitive to cognitive changes in early Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and preclinical Ad determined by Aβ load using PET. The goal of this study was to compare a new computerized version of the LASSI-L (LASSI-Brief Computerized) to the standard paper-and-pencil version of the test. In this study, we examined 110 cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults and 79 with amnestic MCI (aMCI) who were administered the paper-and-pencil form of the LASSI-L. Their performance was compared with 62 CU older adults and 52 aMCI participants examined using the LASSI-BC. After adjustment for covariates (degree of initial learning, sex, education, and language of evaluation) both the standard and computerized versions distinguished between aMCI and CU participants. The performance of CU and aMCI groups using either form was relatively commensurate. Importantly, an optimal combination of Cued B2 recall and Cued B1 intrusions on the LASSI-BC yielded an area under the ROC curve of .927, a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 88.1%, relative to an area under the ROC curve of .815, a sensitivity of 72.5%, and a specificity of 79.1% obtained for the paper-and-pencil LASSI-L. Overall, the LASSI-BC was comparable, and in some ways, superior to the paper-and-pencil LASSI-L. Advantages of the LASSI-BC include a more standardized administration, suitability for remote assessment, and an automated scoring mechanism that can be verified by a built-in audio recording of responses.

关键词： Mild Cognitive Impairment Proactive Semantic Interference LASSI-L Computerized Cognitive Assessment

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新疆高粱种质资源萌发期抗旱性综合评价

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草地学报 2024年第2期32卷 553-561页

作者：岳丽山其米克王卉再吐尼古丽·库尔班毛红艳刘敏新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所新疆乌鲁木齐830091 新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所新疆乌鲁木齐830091

为研究新疆本土高粱(Sorghum)种质资源的抗旱性并筛选萌发期有效抗旱指标,以来源于不同地区的207份高粱种质资源为研究对象,采用PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫条件,对高粱萌发相关的10个指标进行分析,在主成分分析基础上采用隶属函数法对各... 详细信息

为研究新疆本土高粱(Sorghum)种质资源的抗旱性并筛选萌发期有效抗旱指标,以来源于不同地区的207份高粱种质资源为研究对象,采用PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫条件,对高粱萌发相关的10个指标进行分析,在主成分分析基础上采用隶属函数法对各高粱品种的抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明:在干旱胁迫下,高粱的各萌发指标均受到影响。其中,相对发芽势与萌发抗旱指数相关性最强,前3个主成分累计贡献率为78.328%,分别反映高粱在干旱胁迫下的生长、萌发及发育情况。根据综合得分将207份种质划分为5类,即高度抗旱种质12份、抗旱种质28份、中等抗旱种质87份、干旱敏感种质64份和高度敏感种质16份。筛选出高粱萌发期抗旱性鉴定的重要指标为相对芽鲜重、萌发抗旱指数、相对干物质转运率,建立了可准确评估高粱萌发期抗旱性的回归方程,为高粱萌发期抗旱性种质筛选提供理论依据。

关键词：高粱种质干旱胁迫主成分分析萌发期综合评价

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Origin of Excellent Charge Storage Properties of defective Tin disulphide in Magnesium/Lithium-Ion Hybrid Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第11期14卷 87-106页

作者： Xin Fan mike Tebyetekerwa Yilan Wu Rohit Ranganathan Gaddam Xiu Song Zhao School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Material Science and Technology North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051ShanxiPeople’s Republic of China dow Centre for Sustainable Engineering Innovation School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Science Education and ResearchBhopalIndia

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are excellent electrochemical energy sources,albeit with existing challenges,including high costs and safety ***-ion batteries(MIBs)are one of the potential ***,the performance of MIBs is poor due to their sluggish solid-state Mg^(2+) diffusion kinetics and severe electrode *** magnesium-ion/lithium-ion(Mg^(2+)/Li^(+))hybrid batteries(MLHBs)with Mg^(2+) and Li+as the charge carriers create a synergy between LIBs and MIBs with significantly improved charge transport kinetics and reliable safety ***,MLHBs are yet to reach a reasonable electrochemical performance as *** work reports a composite electrode material with highly defective two-dimensional(2d)tin sulphide nanosheets(SnS_(x))encapsulated in three-dimensional(3d)holey graphene foams(HGF)(SnS_(x)/HGF),which exhibits a specific capacity as high as 600 mAh g^(−1) at 50 mA g^(−1) and a compelling specific energy density of~330 Wh kg^(−1).The excellent electrochemical performance surpasses previously reported hybrid battery systems based on intercalation-type cathode materials under comparable *** role played by the defects in the SnS_(x)/HGF composite is studied to understand the origin of the observed excellent electrochemical *** is found that it is closely related to the defect structure in SnS_(x),which offers percolation pathways for efficient ion transport and increased internal surface area assessable to the charge *** defective sites also absorb structural stress caused by Mg^(2+) and Li+*** work is an important step towards realizing high-capacity cathode materials with fast charge transport kinetics for hybrid batteries.

关键词： defects Tin disulphide Magnesium/lithium-ion hybrid batteries 2d materials

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Interpersonal Climate Change Communication in Florida Using Quantile Regression

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第2期11卷 37-58页

作者： Moses mike Glenn d. Israel department of Agricultural Education and Communication Cal Poly San Luis Obispo USA department of Agricultural Education and Communication University of Florida Gainesville USA

Climate change is described as a potentially catastrophic phenomenon with the capacity to disrupt agricultural production, economies, health systems, education, and infrastructure, among other systems. In Florida, climate change is a concern because of the state’s extensive coastline and its influence on the economy, as well as residents’ safety and well-being. As early as 2007, researchers forecasted that vulnerable wetlands, mangroves, fisheries, and coastal infrastructure in Florida may be significantly damaged or destroyed by 2060. Climate change communication (CCC) is described as a complex problem that requires several layers of attention, especially in achieving the desired outcome of behavior change. Previous research suggested that climate change communicators would be more effective if they understood their audiences and their communication capacities. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of demographic factors on social communication for residents of Florida. A survey was used to collect the data through an address-based sampling (ABS) method, where a total of 318 usable responses were received from Florida residence 18 years or older. A latent construct for describing social communication (Social Communication Index [SCI]) was created as the dependent variable and was tested against eight variables using a quantile regression approach. Using quantiles in 0.1 intervals, the results showed that knowledge, age, income, newspaper use, urbanicity, and race affected the SCI in one or more quantiles. Social media, sex, and religiosity were insignificant throughout all quantiles. While most of the results align with previous research, there is the need for further probing into social communication on climate change to ensure that audience segments are provided with climate change information through the channels they primarily use.

关键词： Climate Change Communication Quantile Regression Florida Coastline Social Communication

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Magnesium/Lithium Hybrid Batteries Based on SnS_(2)-MoS_(2) with Reversible Conversion Reactions

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Energy Material Advances 2022年第1期2022卷 118-131页

作者： Xin Fan mike Tebyetekerwa Yilan Wu Rohit Ranganathan Gaddam Xiu Song Zhao School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaBrisbane 4072Australia School of Material Science and Technology North University of ChinaShanxiTaiyuan 030051China dow Centre for Sustainable Engineering Innovation School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of QueenslandSt.LuciaBrisbane QLD 4072Australia department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Science Education and ResearchBhopalIndia

The magnesium/lithium hybrid batteries(MLHBs)featuring dendrite-less deposition with Mg anode and Li-storage cathode are a promising alternative to Li-ion batteries for large-scale energy ***,their limited energy density limits their practical *** improve this,beyond the commonly proposed intercalation compounds,high-capacity conversion-type cathodes based on heterostructures of tin sulphide-molybdenum disulphide(SnS_(2)-MoS_(2))are proposed in this *** SnS_(2) is already a promising high-capacity electrode material for multivalent batteries and undergoes conversion reactions during the ion storage *** introduction of S-deficient MoS_(2) enhances the reversibility of SnS_(2) in the conversion reaction via strong polysulfide anchoring and catalytic *** results show that the SnS_(2)-MoS_(2) electrode achieves a high charge capacity of~600 mAhg^(-1) at 50mAg^(-1) and an excellent rate capability of 240mAhg^(-1) at 1000mAhg^(-1) with a negligible capacity fading rate of 0.063%per cycle across 1000 *** results highlight a new direction toward designing 2d heterostructures as high-capacity cathodes beyond intercalation-type cathodes for multivalent-ion batteries.

关键词： electrode Reversible magnesium

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Managing project risks and uncertainties

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第1期2卷 31-44页

作者： mike Mentis Business & the environment Postnet Suite 10102 Private Bag X7005 3650 Hillcrest South Africa

This article considers threats to a project slipping on budget,schedule and *** is used here as the collective for risks（quantifiable bad things that can happen）and uncertainties（poorly or not quantifiable bad possible events）.Based on experience with projects in developing countries this review considers that（a）project slippage is due to uncertainties rather than risks,（b）while eventuation of some bad things is beyond control,managed execution and oversight are stil the primary means to keeping within budget,on time and fit-for-purpose,（c）improving project delivery is less about bigger and more complex and more about coordinated focus,effectiveness and developing thought-out heuristics,and（d）projects take longer and cost more partly because threat identification is inaccurate,the scope of identified threats is too narrow,and the threat assessment product is not integrated into overall project decision-making and *** by definition,what is poorly known is likely to cause *** it is not just the unquantifiability and intangibility of uncertainties causing project slippage,but that they are insufficiently taken into account in project planning and execution that cause budget and time *** project performance requires purpose-driven and managed deployment of scarce seasoned *** can be aided with independent oversight by deeply experienced panelists who contribute technical insights and can potentially show that diligence is seen to be done.

关键词： Budget Fit-for-purpose Management Project Risks Schedule Threats Uncertainties

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I_(c) measurement of twisted multifilamentary MgB_(2) wires with non-magnetic sheath over a wide range of temperatures and fields

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Superconductivity 2023年第4期8卷 84-89页

作者： Yukai Qiao Matt Rindfleisch mike Tomsic Michael d.Sumption Naoyuki Amemiya Rodney A.Badcock Nicholas M.Strickland Zhenan Jiang Robinson Research Institute Victoria University of WellingtonWellingtonLower Hutt 5012New Zealand Hyper Tech Research Inc ColumbusOH 43228USA department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA department of Electrical Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyoto 615-8510Japan

All‐superconducting rotating machines have the potential for meeting the high power density and high efficiency required for electrical aircraft ***,very high AC loss encountered in superconducting armature windings could hinder their *** MgB_(2) wires are one of the promising candidates for the stator windings,due to their potentially low AC loss properties with small filament size and twist *** the first step,the dependence of critical current and n‐value on magnetic fields and temperatures I_(c)(B,T)and n(B,T),which are basic input parameters for AC loss simulation,needs to be *** this work,we present transport I_(c)measurements in three non‐magnetic multifilamentary MgB_(2) wires(MgB_(2)/Nb/CuNi/CuZn):one large wire with a 0.70 mm diameter and 25 mm twist pitch,and two small wires with a 0.48 mm diameter each and a 10 mm and 30 mm twist pitch respectively.A four‐probe direct current method is used to measure I_(c) of the MgB_(2) wires with variations in temperature(15-35 K)and magnetic field(0-5.5 T).Full I_(c) data for the small wire with 10 mm twist pitch was obtained,and the n‐values were mostly less than *** the I_(c) data for the large wire at low fields was more limited due to heating,the n‐values were higher and could be up to around *** difference is attributed to the different filament *** also found that there is no significant hysteresis in the transport critical current measured by decreasing or increasing magnetic fields due to the non‐magnetic *** non‐hysteretic characteristic is critical for lowering AC loss because the additional losses from magnetic sheaths can be *** the magnetic‐field dependence of critical current density,an empirical expression has been developed that provides suitable extrapolations to lower fields for the large wire.

关键词： Transport critical current MgB_(2)wire A four‐probe direct current method

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Functional responses of cougars(Puma concolor)in a multiple prey-species system

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第1期13卷 84-93页

作者： Leroy SORIA-dÍAZ mike SFOWLER Octavio MONROY-VILCHIS daniel ORO Institute of Applied Ecology Autonomous University of TamaulipasVictoria city TamaulipasMexico department of Biosciences Swansea UniversitySwanseaUK Center for Research in Applied Biological Sciences Autonomous University of the State of MexicoCentro TolucaMexico Population Ecology Group Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies IMEDEA(CSIC-UIB)EsporlesMallorcaSpain

The study of predator-prey interactions is commonly analyzed using functional responses to gain an understanding of predation patterns and the impact they have on prey *** this,little is known about predator-prey systems with multiple prey species in sites near the *** we studied the functional response of cougars(Puma concolor)in relation to their main prey,armadillo(dasypus novemcinctus),coati(Nasua narica)and white-tailed deer(Odocoileus virginianus).Between 2004 and 2010,cougar scats were collected along 5 transects to estimate the consumption of different prey species.A relative abundance index(RAI)was calculated for each prey species and cougar using 18 camera *** compared Holling type I,II and III functional response models to determine patterns in prey consumption based on the relative abundance and biomass of each prey species *** 3 main prey species comprised 55%(armadillo),17%(coati)and 8%(white-tailed deer)of the *** I and II functional responses described consumption of the 2 most common prey species armadillos and coati similarly well,while a type I response best characterized consumption of white-tailed deer.A negative correlation between the proportions of armadillo versus coati and white-tailed deer biomass in cougar scats suggests switching to consume alternative prey,confirming high foraging plasticity of this *** work represents one of the few studies to compare functional responses across multiple prey species,combined with evidence for prey-switching at low densities of preferred prey.

关键词： cougar functional responses Holling model comparison multiple prey

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