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Task Offloading in Edge Computing Using GNNs and DQN

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2649-2671页

作者： Asier Garmendia-Orbegozo Jose David Nunez-Gonzalez miguel angel Anton Department of Applied Mathematics University of the Basque Country UPV/EHUEibar20600Spain TECNALIA Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)San Sebastian20009Spain

In a network environment composed of different types of computing centers that can be divided into different layers(clod,edge layer,and others),the interconnection between them offers the possibility of peer-to-peer task offloading.For many resource-constrained devices,the computation of many types of tasks is not feasible because they cannot support such computations as they do not have enough available memory and processing capacity.In this scenario,it is worth considering transferring these tasks to resource-rich platforms,such as Edge Data Centers or remote cloud servers.For different reasons,it is more exciting and appropriate to download various tasks to specific download destinations depending on the properties and state of the environment and the nature of the functions.At the same time,establishing an optimal offloading policy,which ensures that all tasks are executed within the required latency and avoids excessive workload on specific computing centers is not easy.This study presents two alternatives to solve the offloading decision paradigm by introducing two well-known algorithms,Graph Neural Networks(GNN)and Deep Q-Network(DQN).It applies the alternatives on a well-known Edge Computing simulator called PureEdgeSimand compares them with the two defaultmethods,Trade-Off and Round Robin.Experiments showed that variants offer a slight improvement in task success rate and workload distribution.In terms of energy efficiency,they provided similar results.Finally,the success rates of different computing centers are tested,and the lack of capacity of remote cloud servers to respond to applications in real-time is demonstrated.These novel ways of finding a download strategy in a local networking environment are unique as they emulate the state and structure of the environment innovatively,considering the quality of its connections and constant updates.The download score defined in this research is a crucial feature for determining the quality of a download path in the GNN training process and has not previous

关键词： Edge computing edge offloading fog computing task offloading

Emerging and multifaceted potential contributions of polyphenols in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 154-169页

作者： Ileana González Cristian Lindner Ivan Schneider Erik Diaz miguel angel Morales Armando Rojas Biomedical Research Laboratories Faculty of MedicineCatholic University of MauleTalca 34600000Chile Department of Radiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ConcepciónConcepción 4030000Chile Centre of Primary Attention South Metropolitan Health ServiceSantiago 3830000Chile Faculty of Medicine Catholic University of MauleTalca 3460000Chile Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiago 8320000Chile

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is recognized as a serious public health concern with a considerable impact on human life,long-term health expenditures,and substantial health losses.In this context,the use of dietary polyphenols to prevent and manage T2DM is widely documented.These dietary compounds exert their beneficial effects through several actions,including the protection of pancreatic islet β-cell,the antioxidant capacities of these molecules,their effects on insulin secretion and actions,the regulation of intestinal microbiota,and their contribution to ameliorate diabetic complications,particularly those of vascular origin.In the present review,we intend to highlight these multifaceted actions and the molecular mechanisms by which these plant-derived secondary metabolites exert their beneficial effects on type 2 diabetes patients.

关键词： Polyphenols Antioxidants Oxidative stress Type 2 diabetes mellitus Health benefits

Plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance:Current understanding and future perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 699-724页

作者： Antonio Molina Lucıa Jorda miguel angel Torres Marina Martın-Dacal Diego Jose Berlanga Patricia Fernandez-Calvo Elena Gomez-Rubio Sonsoles Martın-Santamarıa Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA/CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnologıa-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierıa AgronomicaAlimentarıa y de BiosistemasUPMMadridSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Ramiro de Maeztu 928040 MadridSpain Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain

Beyond their function as structural barriers,plant cell walls are essential elements for the adaptation of plants to environmental conditions.Cell walls are dynamic structures whose composition and integrity can be altered in response to environmental challenges and developmental cues.These wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during development and upon stress perception.Plant cell wall damage caused by pathogen infection,wounding,or other stresses leads to the release of wall molecules,such as carbohydrates(glycans),that function as damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).DAMPs are perceived by the extracellular ectodomains(ECDs)of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)to activate pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and disease resistance.Similarly,glycans released from the walls and extracellular layers of microorganisms interacting with plants are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs)by specific ECD-PRRs triggering PTI responses.The number of oligosaccharides DAMPs/MAMPs identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent years.However,the structural mechanisms underlying glycan recognition by plant PRRs remain limited.Currently,this knowledge is mainly focused on receptors of the LysM-PRR family,which are involved in the perception of various molecules,such as chitooligosaccharides from fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides(i.e.,Nod/MYC factors from bacteria and mycorrhiza,respectively)that trigger differential physiological responses.Nevertheless,additional families of plant PRRs have recently been implicated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide recognition.These include receptor kinases(RKs)with leucine-rich repeat and Malectin domains in their ECDs(LRR-MAL RKs),Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE group(CrRLK1L)with Malectin-like domains in their ECDs,as well as wall-associated kinases,lectin-RKs,and LRR-extensins.The characterization of structural basis of glycans recognition by these new plant receptors will shed light

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns DAMPs disease resistance glycans oligosaccharides pattern-triggered immunity PTl pattern recognition receptor PRRs

Tau's function and dysfunction in the brain:when small changes have big consequences

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 152-153页

作者： miguel Portillo Debra Toiber Department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsraelThe Zlotowski Center for NeuroscienceBen-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael

With the increase of life expectancy and population growth,neurodegenerative diseases have risen too and are projected to be a major health public concern by 2050.Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive decline of cognitive function leading to the subsequent loss of autonomy.Although the underlying causes of neurodegeneration are not well understood,aging is the main risk factor.

关键词： diseases consequences function

An approach of the internal friction-dependent temperature changes for conventional and pure biogenic lubricating greases

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 780-795页

作者： Leif AHME Erik KUHN miguelÁngel DELGADO Department of Mechanical Engineering and Production Management Hamburg University of Applied SciencesHamburg 20099Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Research in Product Technology and Chemical Processes(Pro2TecS)University of HuelvaHuelva 21071Spain

This work investigated the temperature changes inside the bulk of lubricating greases under controlled high-shear stress conditions(250-500 s-1).For this purpose,a newly developed temperature-measuring cell called Calidus was successfully tested.The temperature changes(ΔT)have been related to the greases'components(thickener,base oil-type,and composition)and the structural degradation of the lubricating greases.Furthermore,a theoretical approach was proposed for calculating the internal temperature change of lubricating greases during shear stress.All greases showed an internal temperature profile characterised by a sudden rise inΔT within the first 4 h from starting the test and subsequentΔT decay until it reaches the steady state value.Furthermore,it was found that greases C1 and C5,formulated with lithium and calcium soap,respectively,with different soap content(16.1 wt%and 9.7 wt%,respectively),but the same base castor oil,showed the highest value of the maximumΔT,c.a.3.2 K,and the most drastic drop ofΔT.These greases showed both the highest specific densities and heat capacities.In addition,they showed the lowest ratio of expended energies(Rtee),which means more structural degradation in the stressed grease.On the contrary,the grease C3,with 13 wt%of Li-soap but the lowest base oil's viscosity,showed the lowest maximumΔT and the temperature profile was characterised by a moderate variation ofΔT along the test.The biogenic grease B3 developed a low-temperature change in the group of pure bio-genic greases close to grease C3.

关键词： shear-induced structural degradation rheology temperature measurements lubricating greases density lubricating greases specific heat capacities

Dose-response associations,physical activity intensity and mortality risk:A narrative review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 24-29页

作者： Ulf Ekelund miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra Knut Eirik Dalene Jakob Tarp Department of Sport Medicine Norwegian School of Sport SciencesOslo 0806Norway Department of Chronic Diseases Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOslo 0213Norway Department of Special Didactics Faculty of Education and Sports SciencesUniversity of VigoPontevedra 36005Spain Well-Move Research Group Galicia-Sur Health Research Institute(SERGAS-UVIGO)Vigo 36213Spain

Physical activity is consistently associated with reduced mortality,decreased risk for non-communicable diseases,and improved mental health in observational studies.Randomized controlled trials and observational Mendelian randomization studies support causal links between physical activity and health outcomes.However,the scarcity of evidence from randomized controlled trials,along with their inherent challenges like exposure contrasts,healthy volunteer biases,loss to follow-up,and limited real-world dose-response data,warrants a comprehensive approach.This review advocates synthesizing insights from diverse study designs to better understand the causal relationship between physical activity,mortality risk,and other health outcomes.Additionally,it summarizes recent research since the publication of current physical activity recommendations.Novel observational studies utilizing device-measured physical activity underscore the importance of every minute of activity and suggest that all intensity levels confer health benefits,with vigorous-intensity potentially requiring lower volumes for substantial benefits.Future guidelines,informed by device-measured physical activity studies,may offer refined age-specific recommendations,emphasize vigorous-intensity physical activity,and include daily step counts as a simple,easily assessable metric using commercial wearables.

关键词： Accelerometers Non-communicable diseases Public health Sedentary behavior

Identification and functional characterization of fish IL‑17 receptors suggest important roles in the response to nodavirus infection

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 252-265页

作者： Carmen González‑Fernández miguel A.García‑Álvarez Alberto Cuesta Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Murcia30100 MurciaSpain Laboratoire d’écotoxicologie Centre de Lyon-VilleurbanneINRAEUR RiverLy69625 VilleurbanneFrance

Th17 is a lymphocyte T helper(Th)subpopulation relevant in the control and regulation of the immune response characterized by the production of interleukin(IL)-17.This crucial cytokine family acts through their binding to the IL-17 receptors(IL-17R),having up to six members.Although the biology of fish Th17 is well-recognized,the molecular and functional characterization of IL-17 and IL-17R has been limited.Thus,our aim was to identify and characterize the IL-17R repertory and regulation in the two main Mediterranean cultured fish species,the gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)and the European sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax).Our in silico results showed the clear identification of six members in each fish species,from IL-17RA to IL-17RE-like,with well-conserved gene structure and protein domains with their human orthologues.All of them showed wide and constitutive transcription in naïve tissues but with highest levels in mucosal tissues,namely skin,gill or intestine.In leucocytes,T mitogens showed the strongest up-regulation in most of the il17 receptors though il17ra resulted in inhibition by most stimulants.Interestingly,in vivo nodavirus infection resulted in alterations on the transcription of il17 receptors.While nodavirus infection led to some increments in the il17ra,il17rb,il17rc and il17rd transcripts in the susceptible European sea bass,many down-regulations were observed in the resistant gilthead seabream.Our data identify the presence and conservation of six coding IL-17R in gilthead seabream and European sea bass as well as their differential regulation in vitro and upon nodavirus infection.

关键词： Th17 cells IL-17 receptors Immunity Teleost fish Nodavirus(NNV) Aquaculture

Data error propagation in stacked bioclimatic envelope models

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 262-276页

作者： Xueyan LI Babak NAIMI Peng GONG miguel B.ARAÚJO Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and ApplicationGuangzhou Institute of GeographyGuangdong Academy of ScienceGuangzhouChina ‘Rui Nabeiro’Biodiversity Chair CHANGE-MED InstituteUniversity ofÉvoraÉvoraPortugal Department of Geography and Department of Earth Sciences University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Biogeography and Global Change National Museum of Natural SciencesCSICMadridSpain

Stacking is the process of overlaying inferred species potential distributions for multiple species based on outputs of bioclimatic envelope models(BEMs).The approach can be used to investigate patterns and processes of species richness.If data limitations on individual species distributions are inevitable,but how do they affect inferences of patterns and processes of species richness?We investigate the influence of different data sources on estimated species richness gradients in China.We fitted BEMs using species distributions data for 334 bird species obtained from(1)global range maps,(2)regional checklists,(3)museum records and surveys,and(4)citizen science data using presence-only(Mahalanobis distance),presence-background(MAXENT),and presence–absence(GAM and BRT)BEMs.Individual species predictions were stacked to generate species richness gradients.Here,we show that different data sources and BEMs can generate spatially varying gradients of species richness.The environmental predictors that best explained species distributions also differed between data sources.Models using citizen-based data had the highest accuracy,whereas those using range data had the lowest accuracy.Potential richness patterns estimated by GAM and BRT models were robust to data uncertainty.When multiple data sets exist for the same region and taxa,we advise that explicit treatments of uncertainty,such as sensitivity analyses of the input data,should be conducted during the process of modeling.

关键词： richness patterns species distribution stacked bioclimatic envelope models uncertainty

Efficacy of acupuncture on cancer pain:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 235-244页

作者： miguel Faria Mónica Teixeira Maria João Pinto Paulo Sargento Núcleo de Investigação em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde Instituto Politécnico da Lusofonia1950-396 LisboaPortugal Clínica São João de Deus 1700-048 LisboaPortugal REQUIMTE/LAQV(Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde) Instituto Superior de EngenhariaInstituto Politécnico do Porto4051-401 PortoPortugal Hospital SOERAD 2560-312 Torres VedrasPortugal Centro de Estudos Avançados em Direito“Francisco Suarez ”1749-024 LisboaPortugal

Background:Pain associated with cancer is one of the greatest causes of reduced quality of life in patients.Acupuncture is one of the treatments used to address this issue,with the great advantage of having little or no side effects,especially when compared with pharmacological pain-killers.Objective:The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the current evidence regarding the efficacy of acupuncture for cancer pain.Search strategy:Six electronic databases(PubMed,EBSCO,Cochrane Library,Scielo,b-On and Scopus)were searched for relevant articles about pain relief in cancer patients from their beginning until 2022using MeSH terms such as“acupuncture,”“electroacupuncture,”“ear acupuncture,”“acupuncture analgesia,”“oncological pain,”and“cancer pain.”Inclusion criteria:Studies included were randomized controlled trials(RCTs)where acupuncture was compared with no treatment,placebo acupuncture or usual care.Data extraction and analysis:Three independent reviewers participated in data extraction and evaluation of risk of bias,and a meta-analysis was conducted.The primary outcome was pain intensity,measured with the visual analog scale,numeric rating scale,or brief pain inventory.Secondary outcomes also assessed were quality of life,functionality,xerostomia,pain interference,and analgesic consumption.Results were expressed as standardized mean difference(SMD)with 95%confidence interval(CI).Results:Sixteen RCTs with a total of 1124 participants were included in the meta-analysis,with the majority of the studies presenting a low or unclear risk of bias.Acupuncture was more effective in reducing pain than no treatment(SMD=–0.90,95%CI[–1.68,–0.12]),sham acupuncture(SMD=–1.10,95%CI[–1.59,–0.61])or usual care(SMD=–1.16,95%CI[–1.38,–0.93]).Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that acupuncture may be an effective intervention to reduce pain associated with cancer.Despite some limitations due to the low quality and small sample size of some included studies,as well as the different types and stages

关键词： Acupuncture Cancer pain Meta-analysis Systematic review