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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第4期6卷 415-427页

作者： michaela Ibrion Mohammad Mokhtari Farrokh Nadim Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology ManagementNorwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU) National Center for Earthquake Prediction and Seismological Research International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology(IIEES) Natural Hazards Debris Slides and Geo RiskNorwegian Geotechnical Institute(NGI)

This article addresses three large earthquake disasters in Iran: Tabas in 1978, Rudbar in 1990, and Bam in 2003. Lessons and 'Lessons Learned' from these three earthquake disasters were investigated together with their contributions over time towards earthquake disaster risk reduction in Iran. Many lessons from 1978 Tabas, 1990 Rudbar, and 2003 Bam did not become 'Lessons Learned' and they were identified again within the dramatic context of other earthquake disasters in various places of Iran. Both lessons and 'Lessons Learned' from Tabas, Rudbar, Bam,and other earthquake disasters in Iran require a sustainable long-term framework—an earthquake culture.

关键词： Bam Earthquake disaster risk reduction Lessons Lessons learned Rudbar Tabas

Intervertebral disc degeneration is rescued by TGFβ/BMP signaling modulation in an ex vivo flamin B mouse model

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Bone Research 2022年第3期10卷 524-535页

作者： Jennifer Zieba Kimberly N.Forlenza Kelly Heard Jorge H.Martin michaela Bosakova Daniel H.Cohn Stephen P.Robertson Pavel Krejci Deborah Krakow Department of Orthopedic Surgery Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biology Faculty of MedicineMasaryk University62500 BrnoCzech Republic International Clinical Research Center St.Anne’s University Hospital65691 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics Czech Academy of Sciences60200 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Department of Human Genetics Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Pediatrics David Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Spondylocarpotarsal syndrome(SCT) is a rare musculoskeletal disorder characterized by short stature and vertebral, carpal, and tarsal fusions resulting from biallelic nonsense mutations in the gene encoding filamin B(FLNB). Utilizing a FLNB knockout mouse,we showed that the vertebral fusions in SCT evolved from intervertebral disc(IVD) degeneration and ossification of the annulus fibrosus(AF), eventually leading to full trabecular bone formation. This resulted from alterations in the TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway that included increased canonical TGFβ and noncanonical BMP signaling. In this study, the role of FLNB in the TGFβ/BMP pathway was elucidated using in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo treatment methodologies. The data demonstrated that FLNB interacts with inhibitory Smads 6 and 7(i-Smads) to regulate TGFβ/BMP signaling and that loss of FLNB produces increased TGFβ receptor activity and decreased Smad 1 ubiquitination. Through the use of small molecule inhibitors in an ex vivo spine model, TGFβ/BMP signaling was modulated to design a targeted treatment for SCT and disc degeneration. Inhibition of canonical and noncanonical TGFβ/BMP pathway activity restored Flnb-/-IVD morphology. These most effective improvements resulted from specific inhibition of TGFβand p38 signaling activation. FLNB acts as a bridge for TGFβ/BMP signaling crosstalk through i-Smads and is key for the critical balance in TGFβ/BMP signaling that maintains the IVD. These findings further our understanding of IVD biology and reveal new molecular targets for disc degeneration as well as congenital vertebral fusion disorders.

关键词： TGFβ vivo BMP treatment

Urban Park Soil and Vegetation: Effects of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors

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Pedosphere 2015年第3期25卷 392-404页

作者： Pariente SARAH Helena michaela ZHEVELEV Atar OZ Laboratory of Geomorphology and Soil Department of Geography and EnvironmentBar-Ilan University

Various soil surface components, such as trees, shrubs and biological crusts, and human recreational activities, e.g., barbecues and trampling by visitors, may divide the area of the urban park into smaller fragments/microenvironments, differentiated by their microenvironmental conditions, which may differ in soil and vegetation characteristics. The spatial changes in the soil and vegetation characteristics and their causes were investigated in an urban park located south of Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel. The area of the park is 0.5km2, including groves, a lake, lawns, and rest areas. Soil was sampled in nine microenvironments, of which seven were within the park:under Ceratonia siliqua trees(Cs U), under Ficus sycomorus trees(Fi U), rest area between tables under F. sycomorus(Fi B), rest area under tables under F. sycomorus(Fi T), open area with bare soil(Oa S), open area with biological crust cover(Oa C), and open area covered by herbaceous vegetation(Oa V). Two more microenvironments, planar and sloping open areas(Co P and Co S, respectively) in the vicinity of the park, were used as the controls. Electrical conductivity, concentrations of soluble ions(Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, K+and HCO-3), p H, contents of organic carbon, calcium carbonate and moisture, and grain size distribution were determined. In addition,herbaceous vegetation cover, number and diversity of herbaceous vegetation species were measured. It was found that soil properties and herbaceous vegetation characteristics varied within the park. Soil organic carbon, electrical conductivity, soluble salts, penetration depth, and vegetation characteristics were affected by human activities, mainly in the rest area between the tables. In contrast, the above characteristics were affected by natural factors mainly in the rest of the microenvironments, which were subjected to low levels of anthropogenic intervention. The heterogeneous structure of the park, as represented by the various microenvironments, offered new habitat

关键词：城市公园植被特征土壤取样自然因素人为因素土壤有机碳草本植被土壤特性

The ecological performance of tetra-, penta- and hexaploid geophyte Allium oleraceum in reciprocal transplant experiment may explain the occurrence of multiple-cytotype populations

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第3期10卷 569-580页

作者： Martin Duchoslav Martina Fialová michaela Jandová Plant Biosystematics and Ecology RG Department of BotanyFaculty of SciencePalackýUniversityŠlechtitelů27CZ 78371 OlomoucCzech Republic

Aims Many polyploids are geographically separated from their lower-ploidy progenitors at a variety of spatial *** adaptive and non-adaptive mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to these spatial patterns.A long-standing hypothesis holds that poly-ploids are established and persist due to specialization to differ-ent ecological conditions compared to their ***,experimental approaches testing this hypothesis remain *** evidence for niche differences among ploidy levels has been found previously for the European polyploid geophyte Allium ***,we conducted a 5-year reciprocal transplant experiment with tetraploid,pentaploid and hexaploid *** to test for adaptation at the ploidy and population *** In 2006,we sowed 2160 aerial bulbils among six sites(two per cytotype,central and western Moravia,the Czech Republic)and monitored their emergence in 2007,their survival until 2011 and their performance in *** Findings The emergence of bulbils was high at all target sites,and no evi-dence for niche differentiation among cytotypes was recorded in the first *** in the following years was relatively high,but significantly better survival for plants of home ploidy than foreign ploidy was *** plant reached the reproductive stage during our *** a strict definition of local adaptation,local plants only rarely performed better than foreign plants at both sites in pairwise comparisons within a ***,our results sug-gest weak niche differentiation among cytotypes and provide limited support for the existence of local adaptation within ***,all cytotypes are able to establish in habitats typically populated by other cytotypes via aerial bulbil spread,but will likely die out gradually in non-native *** ability may explain the occur-rence of some multiple-cytotype *** complex spatial pattern of *** cytotypes is therefore t

关键词： Allium oleraceum bulbils reciprocal transplant local adaptation niche differentiation

氯化十六烷基吡啶（CPC）对不同生命阶段斑马鱼（Danio rerio）的影响

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氯化十六烷基吡啶（CPC）对不同生命阶段斑马鱼（Danio rerio）的...

作者： michaela Sia Tengbe 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC,CHCIN),一种阳离子季铵盐表面活性剂,被广泛用作药物和个人护理产品(PPCPs)的抗菌成分,特别是在牙膏和漱口水等口腔产品中。此外,CPC还被用作公共卫生领域(如游泳池)的消毒剂,食品加工中的微生物抑制剂,以及石油... 详细信息

氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC,CHCIN),一种阳离子季铵盐表面活性剂,被广泛用作药物和个人护理产品(PPCPs)的抗菌成分,特别是在牙膏和漱口水等口腔产品中。此外,CPC还被用作公共卫生领域(如游泳池)的消毒剂,食品加工中的微生物抑制剂,以及石油工业中的离子液体成分。由于其广泛的用途,大量的CPC可以进入污水处理厂或直接排放到自然环境中。因此,CPC引起水体污染引起的潜力生态风险引起了广泛的关注。然而,人们对于CPC对鱼类毒性效应及其不利影响仍知之甚少、亟待开展相关研究。综上,本研究以CPC对斑马鱼的神经行为毒性为切入点,通过分析不同CPC暴露浓度下斑马鱼在行为、生理、生化和分子等层面的响应来探讨了该污染物对不同发育阶段斑马鱼的毒性效应及相关作用机制。研究的主要内容和结果如下:(1)CPC对斑马鱼早期生命阶段的影响:本实验考察了CPC暴露(0,4,40,400和1200μg/L)对斑马鱼早期生命阶段的生存、发育、行为和氧化应激的响应。结果表明,浓度为400和1200μg/L的CPC暴露表现出显著的致死效应,其120 h-EC值为175.9μg/L。此外,亚致死浓度CPC暴露可显著降低了胚胎(48 hpf)和幼虫(72 hpf)的心率。在120 hpf时,CPC暴露对幼鱼的运动的运动活性呈现出双重影响(400μg/L时下降,在4和40μg/L时增加),并且在400μg/L时显著提高其体内活性氧自由基、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽水平。相关分析表明CPC诱导的氧化应激可能在介导其对斑马鱼仔鱼的心脏毒性和行为毒性中起重要作用。(2)CPC对斑马鱼稚鱼和成鱼的行为和脑神经递质的影响:本实验将斑马鱼稚鱼和成鱼暴露于CPC(0、10和40μg/L)四天。随后,调查了斑马鱼行为特征和脑组织中几种神经递质的响应。行为学分析表明,CPC暴露可显著降低了斑马鱼在的运动活动和社会互动,而稚鱼对CPC暴露较成鱼更加敏感。通过比较对照组中稚鱼和成鱼发现其脑神经递质浓度随着年龄的增长而增加。然而,CPC暴露倾向于增加稚鱼的脑神经递质浓度,但会降低其在成鱼脑组织中的浓度。相关分析表明,脑组织中单胺神经递质及其代谢活性在调控斑马鱼对CPC暴露的行为响应中起重要作用。我们的研究结果表明,即使在环境相关的浓度下,CPC暴露也足以导致斑马鱼稚鱼和成鱼的异常行为并干扰其大脑神经递质,因此需要进一步评估其对水生生态系统的潜在风险。(3)CPC对成年斑马鱼毒性的潜在机制:本实验通过对脑组织的比较转录组分析,研究CPC(40μg/L,4天)对成年斑马鱼影响的分子机制。通过比较CPC暴露和对照,共鉴定了96个差异表达基因(DEG)。在这些基因中,25个基因被上调,而71个基因被CPC暴露下调。基因本体(GO)分析表明,DEGs主要富集于细胞过程、代谢过程、生物调控、生物过程调控、对刺激的反应以及多细胞生物过程的生物和负调控。京都基因和基因组百科全书分析(KEGG)显示,DEG显着富集到昼夜节律、内质网中的蛋白质加工、昼夜节律飞行以及抗原加工和呈递的途径中。基于KEGG通路关系网络,CPC可能通过破坏与昼夜节律、蛋白质过程和免疫系统相关的通路所涉及的通路,对斑马鱼产生不利影响。此外,CPC还可能通过破坏胰岛素抵抗而表现出内分泌干扰作用。

关键词：氯化十六烷基吡啶斑马鱼生命阶段行为响应氧化压力神经递质分子机制

Auto-regulatory feedback by RNA-binding proteins

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第10期11卷 930-939页

作者： michaela Muller-McNicoll Oliver Rossbach Jingyi Hui Jan Medenbach Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 13D-60438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institute of Biochemistry Justus-Liebig-University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 17D-35392 GiessenGermany State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Institute of Biochemistry I University of RegensburgUniversitaetsstrasse 31D-93053 RegensburgGermany

RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)are key regulators in post-transcriptional control of gene *** that alter their activity or abundance have been implicated in numerous diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and various types of *** highlights the importance of RBP proteostasis and the necessity to tightly control the expression levels and activities of *** many cases,RBPs engage in an auto-regulatory feedback by directly binding to and influencing the fate oftheirown mRNAs,exerting control over their own *** this feedback control,RBPs employ a variety of mechanisms operating at all levels of posttranscriptional regulation of gene *** we review RBP-mediated autogenous feedback regulation that either serves to maintain protein abundance within a physiological range(by negative feedback)or generates binary,genetic on/off switches important for *** fate decisions(by positive feedback).

关键词： autogenous regulation protein homeostasis RNA-binding proteins post-transcriptional regulation of gene expressi on

Inhibiting WNT secretion reduces high bone mass caused by Sost loss-of-function or gain-of-function mutations in Lrp5

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骨研究:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 595-606页

作者： Cassandra R.Diegel Ina Kramer Charles Moes Gabrielle E.Foxa Mitchell J.McDonald Zachary B.Madaj Sabine Guth Jun Liu Jennifer L.Harris michaela Kneissel Bart O.Williams Department of Cell Biology Van Andel Institute333 Bostwick Ave.NEGrand RapidsMI 49503USA Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicine Novartis Institutes for Biomedical ResearchCH-4002 BaselSwitzerland Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Van Andel Institute333 Bostwick Ave.NEGrand RapidsMI 49503USA Oncology Novartis Institutes for Biomedical ResearchSan DiegoCA 92121USA

Proper regulation of Wnt signaling is critical for normal bone development and *** in several Wnt signaling components,which increase the activity of the pathway in the skeleton,cause high bone mass in human subjects and mouse *** bone mass is often accompanied by severe headaches from increased intracranial pressure,which can lead to fatality and loss of vision or hearing due to the entrapment of cranial *** addition,progressive forehead bossing and mandibular overgrowth occur in almost all *** that would provide symptomatic relief in these subjects are ***-mediated palmitoylation is necessary for Wnt secretion and binding to the frizzled *** inhibition of porcupine is a highly selective method of Wnt signaling *** treated three different mouse models of high bone mass caused by aberrant Wnt signaling,including homozygosity for loss-of-function in Sost,which models sclerosteosis,and two strains of mice carrying different point mutations in Lrp5(equivalent to human G171V and A214V),at 3 months of age with porcupine inhibitors for 5–6 *** significantly reduced both trabecular and cortical bone mass in all three *** demonstrates that porcupine inhibition is potentially therapeutic for symptomatic relief in subjects who suffer from these disorders and further establishes that the continued production of Wnts is necessary for sustaining high bone mass in these models.

关键词： homeostasis function mass

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阿仓想要学电竞

小哥白尼（趣味科学） 2023年第10期 24-27页

作者： Spartan117 Ready player One(图) 不详

游戏电竞大不同,如果你和阿仓一样,觉得电子竞技就是打游戏,那可就错了一一打游戏只是一种娱乐,而电子竞技是利用电子设备作为运动器械,进行人与人之间智力与体力的比拼。想在电子竞技中获得胜利,需要付出的努力一点儿也不比传统体育少。

关键词：电子竞技运动器械电竞电子设备体育

Superior Properties of Mg–4Y–3RE–Zr Alloy Prepared by Powder Metallurgy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第7期33卷 652-660页

作者： Jirí Kubásek Drahomír Dvorsky Miroslav Cavojsky Dalibor Vojtěch Nad'a Beronská michaela Fousová Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering University of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnická 5166 28 Prague 6Czech Republic Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics SAS Slovak Academy of SciencesDúbravskd cesta 9845 13 BratislavaSlovak Republic

Magnesium alloys are important materials for application in the automotive and aviation industries. During the last few years, the number of possible applications as biodegradable implants in medicine has grown. Mg-RE（rare earth） alloys belong to the most advanced group of products, offering the best combination of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Among these materials, WE43（Mg-Y-Nd）is a very well-known commercial alloy that has been extensively studied for applications at increased temperatures and also in organisms. Although this material has been described, there are still possibilities to improve its properties and subsequently expand its applicability. Powder metallurgy has already been used for the preparation of magnesium alloys with superior mechanical properties and occasionally superior corrosion properties. Therefore, the present paper is oriented toward the preparation of Mg-4Y-3RE-Zr（WE43） alloy by the powder metallurgy technique（WE43-PM） and comparison of the final properties with the product of extrusion of as-cast ingot（WE43-IM）. Our processing leads to a partial improvement in the mechanical properties and superior corrosion resistance of WE43-PM. The texture strength of WE43-PM was low, and therefore, anisotropy of mechanical properties was suppressed.

关键词： Magnesium alloys REEs(rare earth elements) Powder metallurgy Mechanical properties Corrosion

Believing processes during the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals with bipolar disorder:An exploratory study

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第7期12卷 929-943页

作者： Sophie Tietz Jolana Wagner-Skacel Hans-Ferdinand Angel michaela Ratzenhofer Frederike T Fellendorf Eva Fleischmann Christof Körner Eva Z Reininghaus Rüdiger J Seitz Nina Dalkner Institute of Psychology University of GrazGraz 8010Austria Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine Medical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy Medical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Department of Catechetics and Religious Education University of GrazGraz 8010Austria Department of Neurology Centre of Neurology and Neuropsychiatry Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfMedical FacultyDüsseldorf D-40629Germany

BACKGROUND Believing or“credition”refers to psychological processes that integrate the cognitions and emotions that influence our *** the credition model by Angel and Seitz,four parameters are postulated:proposition,certainty,emotion and *** is assumed that believing processes are influenced by both the individual as well as socio-cultural factors and external *** or environmental circumstances can include threatening situations such as the ongoing *** has been hypothesized that believing processes related to the pandemic differ between individuals with bipolar disorder(BD)and healthy controls(HC).AIM To investigate credition in individuals with BD during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** Psychiatrically stable individuals with BD(n=52)and age-and sex matched HC(n=52)participated in an online survey during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 *** survey took place between April 9^(th) and June 4^(th),2020,in *** completed the Brief Symptom Inventory-18,the Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ,the Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a dedicated Believing Questionnaire assessing four parameters of credition(proposition,certainty,emotion and mightiness).The MAXQDA software was used to analyze the qualitative *** analyses included analyses of variance,a multivariate analysis of variance and a multivariate analysis of *** Individuals with BD reported significantly more negative propositions[F(1,102)=8.89,P=0.004,η2 p=0.08]and negative emotions[Welch´s F(1,82.46)=18.23,P<0.001,η2 p=0.18],while HC showed significantly more positive propositions[F(1,102)=7.78,P=0.006,η2 p=0.07]and emotions[F(1,102)=14.31,P<0.001,η2 p=0.12].In addition,individuals with BD showed a higher incongruence between their propositions and their emotions[F(1,102)=9.42,P=0.003,η2 p=0.08]and showed strong correlations between the parameters of the Believing Que

关键词： COVID-19 Bipolar disorder Cognition Emotions Judgement Evaluation study