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swarming caddisflies in the mid-Cretaceous

National science Review 2024年第8期11卷 125-135页

作者： Jiajia Wang michael s.engel Weiting Zhang Chungkun shih Rui Qiu Dong Ren College of Life sciences Capital Normal University Key Laboratory of Zoological systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural History Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Departamento de Entomología Museo de Historia NaturalUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Hebei International Joint Research Center for Paleoanthropology Hebei GEO University Department of Paleobiology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution National Natural History Museum of China

swarming,as a special form of mating aggregation,is most noteworthy in insects of the orders Ephemeroptera,Diptera,and *** in extant trichopterans is well understood in terms of sex composition,specific mating behaviors,and functional morphological specializations of adults,but an exploration of the evolution of such aggregative behaviors is hampered by the dearth of available examples from the fossil record as well as the ability to reliably distinguish the few gatherings as the result of swarming relative to other taphonomic or behavioral *** we describe five new fossil species of caddisflies preserved in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar,all preserved as large *** aggregations of these five new species can be positively identified as swarms based on morphological traits of wing shape,as well as the presence of particular forms of sexual *** of a phylogenetic reconstruction of both molecular and morphological data as well as ancestral-trait reconstructions and tip-dating analyses indicate that swarming was likely present in the Triassic as a feature of the trichopteran *** most Mesozoic insectivorous predators were diurnal based on morphological evidence,largely nocturnal caddisflies would have been freed from such *** phylogeny also shows a correlation between the rise of nocturnal bat predators from the Paleocene or early Eocene and the repeated loss of swarming from various clades of caddisflies,revealing the potential impact of bat predation on reshaping the behavioral landscape of Trichoptera during the Cenozoic.

关键词： swarming caddisflies Cretaceous ancestral-trait reconstructions

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Comparative analysis of 12 water lily plastid genomes reveals genomic divergence and evolutionary relationships in early flowering plants

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Marine Life science & Technology 2024年第3期6卷 425-441页

作者： Weicai song Wenbo shi Huan Wang Zirui Zhang Ruiqing Tao Jin Liu shuo Wang michael s.engel Chao shi College of Marine science and Biological Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest ChinaKunming Institute of BotanyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204China Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops Xishuangbanna 666100China American Museum of Natural History New YorkNY 10024-5192USA Natural History Museum and Department of Ecology&Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA

The aquatic plant Nymphaea,a model genus of the early flowering plant lineage Nymphaeales and family Nymphaeaceae,has been extensively ***,the availability of chloroplast genome data for this genus is incomplete,and phylogenetic relationships within the order Nymphaeales remain *** this study,12 chloroplast genomes of Nymphaea were assembled and analyzed for the first *** genomes were 158,290-160,042 bp in size and contained 113 non-repeat genes,including 79 protein-coding genes,30 tRNA genes,and four rRNA *** also report on codon usage,RNA editing sites,microsatellite structures,and new repetitive sequences in this *** genomics revealed that expansion and contraction of IR regions can lead to changes in the gene ***,it was observed that the highly variable regions of the chloroplast genome were mainly located in intergenic ***,the phylogenetic tree showed the order Nymphaeales was divided into three families,and the genus Nymphaea can be divided into five(or three)subgenera,with the subgenus Nymphaea being the *** divergence times of nymphaealean taxa were analyzed,with origins of the order Nymphaeales and family Nymphaeaceae being about 194 and 131 million years,*** results of the phylo-genetic analysis and estimated divergence times will be useful for future evolutionary studies of basal angiosperm lineages.

关键词： Aquatic plants Nymphaea Phylogenetic analysis Plastid genomics structural variation

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Mesozoic insect fossils reveal the early evolution of twig mimicry

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science Bulletin 2022年第16期67卷 1641-1643,M0003页

作者： Hongru Yang michael s.engel Weiwei Zhang Dong Ren Taiping Gao College of Life sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Division of Entomology Natural History MuseumDepartment of Ecology&Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of KansasLawrence KS 66045USA Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural HistoryNew York NY 10024USA Three Gorges Entomological Museum Chongqing 400015China

Twig mimicry among insects,whereby they imitate branches and twigs of plants to escape predation or enhance prey capture,is most common and diversified in Phasmatodea(stick and leaf insects),a group of iconic models for understanding the evolution of camouflage and *** stick and leaf insects exhibit a wide array of exaggerated morphologies mimicking twigs,bark,fresh or dried leaves,ferns,and even moss[1].However,the Mesozoic lineages susumaniidae and Pterophasmatidae,considered as stem groups to Phasmatodea ***.,lack obvious characters relating to the familiar twig mimicry of the latter clade.

关键词：拟态竹节虫早期演化昆虫化石缅甸北部化石标本枝状被子植物

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Cretaceous crown male ant reveals the rise of modern lineages

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Zoological Research 2024年第5期45卷 983-989页

作者： Qiong Wu Alexander G.Radchenko michael s.engel Xiao-Qin Li Hong-Ru Yang Xing-Ru Li Chung-Kun shih Dong Ren Tai-Ping Gao College of Life sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China I.I.schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of UkraineKiev 01054Ukraine Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural HistoryNew York 10024-5192USA Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 11-0058Perú Departamento de Entomología Museo de Historia NaturalUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Perú Department of Chemistry Analytical and Testing CenterCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Department of Paleobiology National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashington DC 20013-7012USA

Most described Mesozoic ants belong to stem groups that existed only during the Cretaceous ***,the earliest known crown ants were dated to the Turonian(Late Cretaceous,ca.94-90 million years ago(Ma))deposits found in the UsA,Kazakhstan,and ***,the recent discovery of an alate male ant in Kachin amber from the earliest Cenomanian(ca.99 Ma),representing a new genus and species,Antiquiformica alata,revises the narrative on ant *** can be distinctly differentiated from all known male stem ants by its geniculate antennae with elongated scape,extending far beyond the occipital margin of the head and half the length of the funiculus,as well as its partly reduced forewing ***,the combination of a one-segmented waist with a well-developed node,elongated scape extending beyond the occipital margin,and reduced forewing venation,particularly the completely reduced m-cu and rs-m crossveins and absence of rm and mcu closed cells,firmly places the fossil within the extant subfamily *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)confirmed that the amber containing Antiquiformica alata originated from the Kachin mines in *** discovery significantly revises our understanding of the early evolution of *** presence of Antiquiformica in Cenomanian amber indicates that the subfamily Formicinae emerged at least by the start of the Late Cretaceous,with crown ants likely originating earlier during the earliest Cretaceous or possibly the Late Jurassic,although paleontological evidence is lacking to support the latter hypothesis.

关键词： Formicidae Formicinae Morphology Taxonomy Antiquiformica alata Paleontology Kachin amber

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Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secretase for Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao michael s.Wolfe Computational Medicine Program and Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-secretase,called“the proteasome of the membrane,”is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine,including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface *** inγ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease.γ-secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as ***,critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates,the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage byγ-*** this review,we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms ofγ-*** mechanisms,including the“Fit-stay-Trim,”“sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein byγ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics *** an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-boundγ-secretase,molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-boundγ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-boundγ-secretase as a template successfully capturedγ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical experimental *** approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates byγ-*** addition,controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilizeγ-secretase-substrate complexes,is ***,an outlook is provided for future studies ofγ-secretase,including pathways of substrate binding and product release,effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein cryo-EM structures drug design intramembrane proteolysis molecular dynamics Notch

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白垩纪缅甸琥珀揭示最古老的甲虫社会性寄生现象

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科学新闻 2018年第4期 116-116页

作者：蔡晨阳 Diying Huang Alfred F.Newton K.Taro Eldredge michael s.engel 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所

文章简介白蚁是目前已知最为古老的社会性昆虫,其社会性起源于侏罗纪晚期,显著早于其他社会性昆虫。白蚁巢穴中也常寄居有种类多样、形态特化的小型动物,它们被称之为"螱客",这种现象可称为社会性寄生。通过长期而复杂的演化适应,螱客... 详细信息

文章简介白蚁是目前已知最为古老的社会性昆虫,其社会性起源于侏罗纪晚期,显著早于其他社会性昆虫。白蚁巢穴中也常寄居有种类多样、形态特化的小型动物,它们被称之为"螱客",这种现象可称为社会性寄生。通过长期而复杂的演化适应,螱客能够侵入隐蔽的白蚁巢穴,利用巢穴内适宜稳定的环境、丰富营养的食物,并能获

关键词：社会性社会性昆虫

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中生代脉翅目中与昆虫—蜘蛛专性关联的早期形态特化

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科学新闻 2017年第4期 118-118页

作者：刘星月 Weiwei Zhang shaun L.Winterton Laura C.V.Breitkreuz michael s.engel 中国农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系

文章简介昆虫在成虫和幼期均展现出与其生物学特性相关的高度多样的特化形态。脉翅目昆虫,特别是其幼虫,是一类捕食性昆虫。为适应其捕食习性,其幼虫具有特化的双刺吸式口器,有些物种还具有特殊的伪装行为。本研究通过对大量缅甸琥珀中... 详细信息

文章简介昆虫在成虫和幼期均展现出与其生物学特性相关的高度多样的特化形态。脉翅目昆虫,特别是其幼虫,是一类捕食性昆虫。为适应其捕食习性,其幼虫具有特化的双刺吸式口器,有些物种还具有特殊的伪装行为。本研究通过对大量缅甸琥珀中脉翅目昆虫的分类研究,发现了一个形态高度特化的物种。该物种成虫前胸细颈状,足显著延长,而后翅强烈退化,这一系列特化形态

关键词：脉翅目昆虫蜘蛛专性中生代中生界地质年代

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中生代苏铁植物的甲虫传粉模式

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科学新闻 2019年第2期 116-116页

作者：蔡晨阳 Hermes E.Escalona 李丽琴殷子为黄迪颖 michael s.engel 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所南京古生物所上海师范大学

文章简介与现生松柏类、银杏类等风媒裸子植物不同,自然条件下苏铁(俗称铁树)的传粉和繁殖需要昆虫协助完成,即苏铁是一类严格的虫媒裸子植物,传粉者主要包括多种甲虫和一些蓟马。苏铁目植物目前种类不多,但是它们起源很早,可以追溯到... 详细信息

文章简介与现生松柏类、银杏类等风媒裸子植物不同,自然条件下苏铁(俗称铁树)的传粉和繁殖需要昆虫协助完成,即苏铁是一类严格的虫媒裸子植物,传粉者主要包括多种甲虫和一些蓟马。苏铁目植物目前种类不多,但是它们起源很早,可以追溯到二叠纪。尽管中生代地层中苏铁类植物化石十分常见,

关键词：中生代

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Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： shan Ping Yu Emily Choi michael QJiang Ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

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scalable Ir‑Doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)/TiO_(2)Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized saline Wastewater Treatment and H_(2)Production

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 1-18页

作者： sukhwa Hong Jiseon Kim Jaebeom Park sunmi Im michael R.Hoffmann Kangwoo Cho Division of Environmental science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 790−784Korea Linde Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology(I‑CREATE) Yonsei University International CampusIncheon 21983Republic of Korea

Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2)production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy *** study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2)overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment *** dilute(0.1 M)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2)marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robust operation in near-neutral pH was *** including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic *** electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive *** scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater electrolysis cell Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4) Reactive chlorine species Decentralized H_(2)production On-site wastewater treatment

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