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Kinetics of microwave-enhanced oxidation of phenol by hydrogen peroxide

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第1期5卷 57-64页

作者： Deming ZHAO Jie CHENG michael r.hoffmann College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310032China W.M.Keck Laboratories California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA

Aqueous solutions of phenol were oxidized by hydrogen peroxide assisted by microwave(MW)irradiation.A simple kinetic model for the overall degradation of phenol in the presence of excess H_(2)O_(2) is proposed in which the degradation rate of phenol is expressed as a linear function of the concentrations of phenol and H_(2)O_(2).A detailed parametric study showed that the degradation rate of phenol increased with increasing[H_(2)O_(2)]until saturation was *** degradation followed apparent zero-order kinetics under MW radiation or H_(2)O_(2) ***,after 90 min of irradiation,the observed kinetics shifted to pseudo first *** overall reaction rates were significantly enhanced in the combined MW/H_(2)O_(2) system,mainly because microwave could accelerate H_(2)O_(2) to generate hydroxyl radical(·OH)and other reactive oxygen *** observed synergetic effects of the MW/H_(2)O_(2) process resulted in an increased in the net reaction rate by a factor of *** hydrogen peroxide is present in a large stoichiometric excess,the time required to achieve complete mineralization is reduced significantly.

关键词： microwave(MW)irradiation hydrogen peroxide phenol synergetic effects kinetic model

Treatment technologies for aqueous perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA)

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009年第2期3卷 129-151页

作者： Chad D.VECITIS Hyunwoong PArK Jie CHENG Brian T.MADEr michael r.hoffmann W.M.Keck Laboratories California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCalifornia 91125USA 3M Environmental Laboratory 3M CenterBuilding 260-05-N-17MaplewoodMN 55144-1000USA

Fluorochemicals(FCs)are oxidatively recalcitrant,environmentally persistent,and resistant to most conventional treatment *** have unique physiochemical properties derived from fluorine which is the most electronegative ***(PFOS),and perfluorooctanoate(PFOA)have been detected globally in the hydrosphere,atmosphere and *** treatment technologies such as reverses osmosis,nano-filtration and activated carbon can remove FCs from ***,incineration of the concentrated waste is required for complete FC ***,a number of alternative technologies for FC decomposition have been *** FC degradation technologies span a wide range of chemical processes including direct photolysis,photocatalytic oxidation,photochemical oxidation,photochemical reduction,thermally-induced reduction,and sonochemical *** paper reviews these FC degradation technologies in terms of kinetics,mechanism,energetic cost,and *** optimal PFOS/PFOA treatment method is strongly dependent upon the FC concentration,background organic and metal concentration,and available degradation time.

关键词： fluorochemical(FC)degradation technologies perfluoroctanesulfonate(PFOS) perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) oxidation reduction photolysis thermolysis review

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超声波降解全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸的动力学

化工学报 2011年第3期62卷 829-835页

作者：赵德明丁成徐新华 michael r.hoffmann 浙江大学环境与资源学院浙江杭州310027 浙江工业大学化学工程与材料学院浙江杭州310032 W.M.Keck Laboratories California Institute of TechnologyPasadena

引言全氟辛烷磺酸基化合物和全氟辛酸化合物是一类重要的全氟化表面活性剂,也是其他许多全氟化合物的重要前体。自20世纪60年代电化学氟化反应方法应用于全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）等全氟化合物的生产以来,

关键词：全氟辛烷磺酸全氟辛酸超声波动力学

应对新污染物挑战，保护人类和生态健康（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第6期 1-2页

作者：曲久辉 michael r.hoffmann 余刚 School of Environment Tsinghua University Linde-robinson Laboratories California Institute of Technology Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environmental and Ecology Beijing Normal University

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Scalable Ir-Doped NiFe₂O₄/TiO₂ Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H₂ Production

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NANO-MICrO LETTErS 2025年第1期17卷 1-18页

作者： Hong, Sukhwa Kim, Jiseon Park, Jaebeom Im, Sunmi hoffmann, michael r. Cho, Kangwoo Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH Div Environm Sci & Engn Pohang 790784 South Korea CALTECH Linde Labs Pasadena CA 91125 USA Yonsei Univ Int Campus Inst Convergence Res & Educ Adv Technol I CREATE Incheon 21983 South Korea

Wastewater electrolysis cells (WECs) for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H-2 production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water, waste, and energy carrier. This study reports Ir-doped NiFe2O4 (NFI, similar to 5 at% Ir) spinel layer with TiO2 overlayer (NFI/TiO2), as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment cell. In dilute (0.1 M) NaCl solutions, the NFI/TiO2 marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction, outperforming the benchmark IrO2. robust operation in near-neutral pH was confirmed. Electroanalyses including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO2 which serves both as the primary site for Cl- chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic contact. Galvanostatic electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO2 not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH4+-to-N-2 conversion, but also enhances H-2 generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive chlorine. The scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO2 was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater electrolysis cell Ir-doped NiFe2O4 reactive chlorine species Decentralized H-2 production On-site wastewater treatment

A spotlight on dosage and subject selection for effective neuroprotection: exploring the central role of mitochondria

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： John Mitrofanis Jonathan Stone michael r.Hamblin Pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid Glen Jeffery Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Neurons are notoriously vulnerable cell *** the slightest change in their internal and/or external environments will cause much distress and dysfunction,leading often to their death.A range of pathological conditions,including stroke,head trauma,and neurodegenerative disease,can generate stress in neurons,affecting their survival and proper *** most neural pathologies,mitochondria become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal role in the process of cell *** challenge over the last few decades has been to develop effective interventions that improve neuronal homeostasis under pathological *** interventions,often referred to as disease-modifying or neuroprotective,have,however,proved frustratingly elusive,at both preclinical and,in particular,clinical *** this perspective,we highlight two factors that we feel are key to the development of effective neuroprotective *** are:firstly,the choice of dose of intervention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether they be patients or the animal model.

关键词： protective dosage distress

Like a G6-nal:transcriptional control of G-protein coupled receptors during oligodendroglial development

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2001-2002页

作者： Tim Aberle michael Wegner Institut für Biochemie Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating *** the central nervous system,this role is taken up by *** are marked by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal *** the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor ***,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely *** transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network(reviewed in Sock and Wegner,2021).Network activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling *** the receptors are linked to the network is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental *** insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCr)with known relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(Yang et al,2016).

关键词： gained insulation conduction

Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secretase for Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao michael S.Wolfe Computational Medicine Program and Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-Secretase,called“the proteasome of the membrane,”is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine,including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface *** inγ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease.γ-Secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as ***,critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates,the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage byγ-*** this review,we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms ofγ-*** mechanisms,including the“Fit-Stay-Trim,”“Sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein byγ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics *** an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-boundγ-secretase,molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-boundγ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-boundγ-secretase as a template successfully capturedγ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical experimental *** approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates byγ-*** addition,controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilizeγ-secretase-substrate complexes,is ***,an outlook is provided for future studies ofγ-secretase,including pathways of substrate binding and product release,effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein cryo-EM structures drug design intramembrane proteolysis molecular dynamics Notch

NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno michael K.E.Schafer Sudena Wang michael J.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NECAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction