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Rethinking the egg

National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 81-82页

作者： michael J.Benton School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol

Our image of early dinosaur eggs must change. Early dinosaur eggs are portrayed as soft-shelled, like those of modern lizards or snakes [1], and yet all the evidence is that early dinosaurs at least laid leathery-shel...

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Design of a Level-3 electric vehicle charging station using a 1-MW solar system via the distributed maximum power point tracking technique

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 23-35页

作者： Afshin Balal michael Giesselmann Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409USA

Solar power is mostly influenced by solar irradiation,weather conditions,solar array mismatches and partial shading ***,before installing solar arrays,it is necessary to simulate and determine the possible power *** power point tracking is needed in order to make sure that,at any time,the maximum power will be extracted from the photovoltaic ***,maximum power point tracking is not a suitable solution for mismatches and partial shading *** overcome the drawbacks of maximum power point tracking due to mismatches and shadows,distributed maximum power point tracking is util-ized in this *** solar farm can be distributed in different ways,including one DC-DC converter per group of modules or per *** this paper,distributed maximum power point tracking per module is implemented,which has the highest *** technology is applied to electric vehicles(EVs)that can be charged with a Level 3 charging station in<1 ***,the problem is that charging an EV in<1 hour puts a lot of stress on the power grid,and there is not always enough peak power reserve in the existing power grid to charge EVs at that ***,a Level 3(fast DC)EV charging station using a solar farm by implementing distributed maximum power point tracking is utilized to address this ***,the simulation result is reported using MATLAB®,LTSPICE and the System Advisor *** results show that the proposed 1-MW solar system will provide 5 MWh of power each day,which is enough to fully charge~120 EVs each ***,the use of the proposed photovoltaic system benefits the environment by removing a huge amount of greenhouse gases and hazardous *** example,instead of supplying EVs with power from coal-fired power plants,1989 pounds of CO_(2) will be eliminated from the air per hour.

关键词： electric vehicles(EVs) distributed maximum power point tracking solar farm DC fast-charging station step-up DC-DC converter System Advisor Model economic analysis

Transcranial photobiomodulation for the brain: a wide range of clinical applications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 483-484页

作者： michael R.Hamblin Laser Research Centre Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of Johannesburg-Doornfontein CampusDoornfonteinSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation therapy(PBMT)is a rapidly growing approach to the healing,stimulation,protection,and regeneration of many human organs and tissue *** started in the 1960s as low-level laser therapy for wound healing,but since then the introduction of light-emitting diodes(LEDs)has dramatically increased the number of applications and reports of positive *** generally uses red(620-700 nm)and/or near-infrared(780-1270 nm)wavelengths of light at an intensity that causes no tissue heating,and its activity is based on well-established biological and cellular mechanisms(de Freitas and Hamblin,2016).While laser therapists continue to use various types of laser in their office practice,LEDs are ideally suited for home use devices because they are completely safe and without any known significant adverse *** the various body parts on which PBMT has been shown to exert beneficial effects,the brain stands out as perhaps the most promising *** has been shown to reduce neuroinflammation,while increasing mitochondrial function,oxygen consumption,and blood flow within the brain(Hamblin,2016).Moreover,PBMT can stimulate the processes of synaptogenesis,neurogenesis,and neuroplasticity thus helping the brain to heal itself.

关键词： healing stimulation wound

Development of small intestinal barrier function and underlying mechanism in Chinese indigenous and Duroc piglets during suckling and weaning periods

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 429-442页

作者： Sujuan Ding Yating Cheng md Abul Kalam Azad Qian Zhu Pan Huang Xiangfeng Kong CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

This study explored the developmental changes in small intestinal barrier function and the potential regulatory roles of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in different breeds of piglets during suckling and weaning *** black(TB),Xiangcun black(XB),and Duroc(DR)piglets(10 litters per breed;half male and half female)were selected for sampling to evaluate the intestinal barrier-related indexes and intestinal microbiota and metabolites at 1,10,21(weaned),and 24(3 d after weaning)d *** results showed that weaning led to severe shedding of small intestinal microvilli and sparse microvilli arrangement.D-lactate level in the ileum of TB and XB piglets during suckling and weaning periods was lower(P<0.01)than that of DR piglets,as well as the ileal diamine oxidase level at 1 d *** expression level of mucin 1 was higher(P<0.05)in the ileum of TB and XB piglets than that of DR piglets,and it was the highest in the ileum of TB piglets at 21 d *** expression levels of mucin 2 and mucin 13 were higher(P<0.10)in TB and XB piglets than those of DR piglets at 21 d old,whereas mucin2 and mucin 13 in the ileum of TB and XB piglets were higher(P<0.05)than those of DR piglets at 24 d *** and XB piglets had a lower relative abundance of Escherichia_Shigella at 21 and 24 d old,but they had higher Streptococcus at 1 and 24 d old than DR piglets(P<0.01).Differential metabolites between the three breeds of piglets were mainly related to oxidative phosphorylation,steroid biosynthesis,and bile acid ***,these findings suggest that different pig breeds present differences in the development of the small intestinal barrier *** with DR piglets,TB and XB piglets had higher intestinal permeability during the suckling period and a stronger intestinal mechanical barrier after ***,intestinal microbiota and metabolites are the key factors for developing small intestinal barrier functions in different breeds of piglets.

关键词： Chinese indigenous piglet Duroc piglet Immune function Intestinal barrier function Weaning stress

Complete separation of the urinary tract from proximal rectum during PSARP surgery: our experience with the novel technique

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 66-69页

作者： md Samiul Hasan md Nazmul Islam Refoyez Mahmud Umama Huq Ashrarur Rahman Pediatric Surgery Bangladesh Shishu Hospital and InstituteDhakaBangladesh

Anorectal malformation(ARM)is a frequently occurring surgical condition in neonates,with a prevalence of 1 in 4000 live births.'In boys with this anomaly,the rectum and urinary tract share a common wall for some distance,often ending up in fistulous *** goals of definite reconstruction are to separate the rectum from the urinary tract without injuring the urethra and mobilizing the rectum to the perineum within the muscle *** the rectum and the urinary tract is the most critical part of this operation and is associated with a significant risk of urinary tract injury.2-5 The original procedure described by Pena and Devries involves multiple stay sutures on the rectal mucosa just above the fistula,lifting the mucosa and continuing a submucosal dissection up to the prostate,where the entire thickness of the intestine can be separated from the urinary tract.

关键词： urinary rectum intestine

Relationship between Seed Priming Mediated Seedling Vigor and Yield Performance of Spring Wheat

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1159-1177页

作者： md.Parvez Anwar Masuma Akhter Sharmin Aktar Sinthia Afsana Kheya A.K.M.Mominul Islam Sabina Yeasmin Ahmed Khairul Hasan md.Harun Or Rashid Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh

Seed priming is a pre-germinated technique that can enhance seed germination percentage,faster and synchro-nized germination,better seedling growth,and yield under stress *** ascertain the most effective seed priming method that would ensure the potential yield of wheat in Bangladesh,two experiments were carried out from December 2021 to March 2022 at the Department of Agronomy,Bangladesh Agricultural *** wheat varieties namely BARI Gom-28 and BWMRI Gom-1 were subjected to a range of priming chemicals in both lab and pot *** compounds included the following:control(no priming),hydropriming(distilled water),10000 ppm KNO_(3),15000 ppm KNO_(3),40000 ppm Mannitol,60000 ppm Mannitol,10000 ppm NaCl,20000 ppm NaCl,100 ppm PEG,150 ppm PEG,500 ppm NaOCl,1000 ppm NaOCl,10000 ppm CaCl_(2),20000 ppm CaCl_(2),10000 ppm KCl and 20000 ppm KCl.A complete randomized design(CRD)with three repli-cations was used to set up the *** results showed that BARI Gom-28 and BWMRI Gom-1 responded best to KCl priming in terms of rapid seed germination and strong seedling *** the other hand,the best priming agents for plant growth and productivity turned out to be CaCl_(2) and *** results of this study support the possibility of using seed priming as a technique to improve wheat plant development and output by raising seed emergence and survival rates.

关键词： Priming seedling percentage germination growth yield wheat

Odd-even effects in the structure and properties of aryl-substituted aliphatic self-assembled monolayers

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4231-4243页

作者： Piotr Cyganik Andreas Terfort michael Zharnikov Jagiellonian University Faculty of PhysicsAstronomy and Applied Computer ScienceSmoluchowski Institute of PhysicsŁojasiewicza 1130-348 KrakówPoland Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 760438 FrankfurtGermany Applied Physical Chemistry Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 25369120 HeidelbergGermany

Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)represent an important tool in context of nanofabrication and molecular engineering of surfaces and *** properties of functional SAMs depend not only on the character of the tail groups at the SAM-ambient interface,but are also largely defined by their *** its turn,the latter parameter results from a complex interplay of the structural forces and a variety of other factors,including so called odd-even effects,*** of the SAM structure and properties on the parity of the number(odd or even)of individual building blocks in the backbone of the SAM *** most impressive manifestation of the odd-even effects is the structure of aryl-substituted alkanethiolate SAMs on Au(111)and Ag(111),in which,in spite of the fact that the intermolecular interaction is mostly determined by the aryl part of the monolayers,one observes a pronounced dependence of molecular inclination and,consequently,the packing density of the SAM-forming molecules on the parity of number of methylene units in the alkyl *** we review the properties of the above systems as well as address fundamental reasons behind the odd-even effects,including the existence of a so-called bending potential,which is frequently disregarded in analysis of the structure-building *** generality of the odd-even effects in SAMs is additionally supported by the recent data for SAMs on GaAs,scanning tunneling microscopy data for SAMs on Ag(111),and the data for the monolayers with selenolate and carboxyl anchoring groups on Au(111)and Ag(111).The implications of these effects in terms of the control over the packing density and orientation of the tail groups at the SAM-ambient interface,structural perfection,polymorphism,temperature-driven phase transitions,and SAM stability toward such factors as ionizing radiation,exchange reaction,and electrochemical desorption are *** implications place the odd-even effects as an important tool

关键词： self-assembled monolayers molecular films surface and interface engineering odd-even-effects

Enhancing Telemarketing Success Using Ensemble-Based Online Machine Learning

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 294-314页

作者： Shahriar Kaisar md Mamunur Rashid Abdullahi Chowdhury Sakib Shahriar Shafin Joarder Kamruzzaman Abebe Diro Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics RMIT UniversityMelbourne 3000Australia School of Engineering and Technology Central Queensland UniversityRockhampton 4700Australia Faculty of Engineering Computer and Mathematical ScienceUniversity of AdelaideAdelaide 5005Australia Centre for Smart Analytics Federation University AustraliaBallarat 3350Australia School of Accounting Information Systems and Supply ChainRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3000Australia

Telemarketing is a well-established marketing approach to offering products and services to prospective *** effectiveness of such an approach,however,is highly dependent on the selection of the appropriate consumer base,as reaching uninterested customers will induce annoyance and consume costly enterprise resources in vain while missing interested *** introduction of business intelligence and machine learning models can positively influence the decision-making process by predicting the potential customer base,and the existing literature in this direction shows promising ***,the selection of influential features and the construction of effective learning models for improved performance remain a ***,from the modelling perspective,the class imbalance nature of the training data,where samples with unsuccessful outcomes highly outnumber successful ones,further compounds the problem by creating biased and inaccurate ***,customer preferences are likely to change over time due to various reasons,and/or a fresh group of customers may be targeted for a new product or service,necessitating model retraining which is not addressed at all in existing works.A major challenge in model retraining is maintaining a balance between stability(retaining older knowledge)and plasticity(being receptive to new information).To address the above issues,this paper proposes an ensemble machine learning model with feature selection and oversampling techniques to identify potential customers more accurately.A novel online learning method is proposed for model retraining when new samples are available over *** newly introduced method equips the proposed approach to deal with dynamic data,leading to improved readiness of the proposed model for practical adoption,and is a highly useful addition to the *** experiments with real-world data show that the proposed approach achieves excellent results in all cases(e.g.,98.6

关键词： machine learning online learning oversampling telemarketing imbalanced dataset ensemble model

Multi-objective performance optimization&thermodynamic analysis of solar powered supercritical CO_(2)power cycles using machine learning methods&genetic algorithm

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 193-216页

作者： Asif Iqbal Turja md Mahmudul Hasan M.Monjurul Ehsan Yasin Khan Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering(MPE) Islamic University of Technology(IUT)Board BazarGazipur1704Bangladesh

The present study is focused on multi-objective performance optimization&thermodynamic analysis from the perspectives of energy and exergy for Recompression,Partial Cooling&Main Compression Intercooling supercritical CO_(2)(sCO_(2))Brayton cycles for concentrated solar power(CSP)applications using machine learning *** novelty of this work lies in the integration of artificial neural networks(ANN)and genetic algorithms(GA)for optimizing the performance of advanced sCO_(2)power cycles considering climatic variation,which has significant implications for both the scientific community and engineering applications in the renewable energy *** methodology employed includes thermodynamic analysis based on energy,exergy&environmental factors including system performance *** system is modelled for net power production of 15 MW thermal output utilizing equations for the energy and exergy balance for each ***,thermodynamic model extracted dataset used for prediction&evaluation of Random Forest,XGBoost,KNN,AdaBoost,ANN and LightGBM ***,considering climate conditions,multi-objective optimization is carried out for the CSP integrated sCO_(2)Power cycle for optimal power output,exergy destruction,thermal and exergetic *** algorithm and TOPSIS(technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution),multi-objective decision-making tool,were used to determine the optimum operating *** major findings of this work reveal significant improvements in the performance of the advanced sCO_(2)cycle by 1.68%and 7.87%compared to conventional recompression and partial cooling cycle,*** research could advance renewable energy technologies,particularly concentrated solar power,by improving power cycle designs to increase system efficiency and economic *** advanced supercritical CO_(2)power cycles in concentrated solar power plants might increase renewable energy use

关键词： Supercritical CO_(2) Concentrated solar power Thermodynamic analysis Machine learning Artificial neural network Multi-objective optimization