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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1780-1790页

作者： Katsuhiro Kita allen Burdowski Department of Biology St.Francis CollegeBrooklynNY 11201United States

Colorectal cancer(CRC)has remained the second and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and in the United States,respectively.Although significant improvement in overall survival has been achieved,death in adult populations under the age of 55 appears to have increased in the past decades.Although new classes of therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy have emerged,their application is very limited in CRC so far.Microtubule(MT)inhibitors such as taxanes,are not generally successful in CRC.There may be some way to make MT inhibitors work effectively in CRC.One potential advantage that we can take to treat CRC may be the combination of optical techniques coupled to an endoscope or other fiber optics-based devices.A combination of optical devices and photo-activatable drugs may allow us to locally target advanced CRC cells with highly potent MT-targeting drugs.In this Editorial review,we would like to discuss the potential of optogenetic approaches in CRC management.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Chemotherapy Microtubule Combretastatin Photopharmacology

Linking water and nutrients through the vadose zone: a fungal interface between the soil and plant systems

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Journal of Arid Land 2011年第3期3卷 155-163页

作者： michael f allen Center for Conservation Biology University of California

Plant water availability, use, and management have largely focused on physical processes of infiltration and the role of roots in uptake and transpiration. However, roots and mycorrhizal fungi redistribute water in complex patterns. Here I describe some of our observations and experiments showing that mycorrhizal fungi play key roles in moving water for both transpiration and to facilitate nutrient acquisition under dry conditions. Mycorrhizal fungal hyphae grow from both surface and deep roots even into bedrock to help extract water under dry conditions. In both deep and surface roots, mycorrhizal fungi acquire water from pores too small for roots and root hairs to access, and at distances from roots and root hairs. Mycorrhizal fungi are also able to utilize hydraulic-lifted water from plants to obtain nutrients in extremely dry surface soils. The importance of these root symbionts in water and nutrient dynamics, and as integrators of surface and deeper water dynamics need further investigation.

关键词： mycorrhiza vadose zone hydraulic redistribution drought

Physiology of medicinal and aromatic plants under drought stress

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 330-339页

作者： Zohreh Emami Bistgani allen V.Barker Masoud Hashemi Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO)Isfahan 81748-35117Iran Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01002USA

Drought poses a significant challenge,restricting the productivity of medicinal and aromatic plants.The strain induced by drought can impede vital processes like respiration and photosynthesis,affecting various aspects of plants’growth and metabolism.In response to this adversity,medicinal plants employ mechanisms such as morphological and structural adjustments,modulation of drought-resistant genes,and augmented synthesis of secondary metabolites and osmotic regulatory substances to alleviate the stress.Extreme water scarcity can lead to leaf wilting and may ultimately result in plant death.The cultivation and management of medicinal plants under stress conditions often differ from those of other crops.This is because the main goal with medicinal plants is not only to increase the yield of the above-ground parts but also to enhance the production of active ingredients such as essential oils.To elucidate these mechanisms of drought resistance in medicinal and aromatic plants,the current review provides a summary of recent literature encompassing studies on the morphology,physiology,and biochemistry of medicinal and aromatic plants under drought conditions.

关键词： Drought stress Medicinal and aromatic plants Phytochemistry Physiology

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微塑料和纳米塑料威胁青藏高原环境

Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 589-592页

作者：张玉兰康世昌罗犀 Tanuj Shukla 高坛光 Deonie allen Steve allen Melanie Bergmann State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham 200003UK Ocean frontiers Institute Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H 4R2Canada Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven D-27515Germany University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Plastic pollution is a planetary level threat which affects Earth’s environment and ecosystems.from the poles to deep ocean basins,the growth of plastic waste has already exceeded its limits.The projected increase of plastic production and waste generation over the coming years makes the situation even more daunting.Even after stagnation in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic,the global plastic production has also increased from 335 to 391 million metric tons(Mt)between 2016 and 2021(fig.S1 online);yet currently post-consumer recycled and bio-based/attributed plastics only accounts~9%of the world’s plastic production[1].Statistically.

关键词：微塑料 attributed plastics

Exploring the Reasons for Selfie-Taking and Selfie-Posting on Social Media with Its Effect on Psychological and Social Lives:A Study among Indian Youths

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第5期26卷 389-398页

作者： Divya P.Vijayan Tokani Ghuhato Eslavath Rajkumar allen Joshua George Romate John John Abraham Department of Psychology Central University of KarnatakaKalaburagi585367India Department of Liberal Arts Indian Institute of Technology BhilaiChhattisgarh491002India Liberal Arts&Sciences Indian Institute of Management RanchiJharkhand834001India Department of family Medicine/Geriatrics St.John’s National Academy of Health SciencesBangalore560034India

‘Selfie’taking was introduced to the common people by smartphones and has become a common practice across the globe in no time.With technological advancement and the popularity of smartphones,selfie-taking has grown rapidly within a short time.In light of the new trend set by the generation,this study aimed to explore reasons for selfie-taking and selfie-posting on social media and their effects on the social and psychological lives of young adults.A purposive sampling method was adopted to select 20 Indian citizens,between 18 and 24 years.The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis.Selfie-taking and posting on social media give positive feelings,and it acts as a mood modifier dependent mostly on the favourability and feedback about the post which in turn affects emotions and self-satisfaction.

关键词： Selfie social media social networking sites obsessive selfie-taking Indian youth

Periodic Addition of Glucose Suppressed Cyanobacterial Abundance in Additive Lake Water Samples during the Entire Bloom Season

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第2期16卷 140-155页

作者： David Linz Ian Struewing Nathan Sienkiewicz Alan David Steinman Charlyn Gwen Partridge Kyle McIntosh Joel allen Jingrang Lu Stephen Vesper United States Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati Ohio USA Annis Water Resources Institute Grand Valley State University Muskegon USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge Tennessee USA

Previously, we showed that prophylactic addition of glucose to Harsha Lake water samples could inhibit cyanobacteria growth, at least for a short period of time. The current study tested cyanobacterial control with glucose for the entire Harsha Lake bloom season. Water samples (1000 ml) were collected weekly from Harsha Lake during the algal-bloom season starting June 9 and lasting until August 24, 2022. To each of two 7-liter polypropylene containers, 500 ml of Harsha Lake water was added, and the containers were placed in a controlled environment chamber. To one container labeled “Treated,” 0.15 g of glucose was added, and nothing was added to the container labeled “Control.” After that, three 25 ml samples from each container were collected and used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing each week. Then 1000 ml of Harsha Lake water was newly collected each week, with 500 ml added to each container, along with the addition of 0.15 g glucose to the “Treated” container. Sequencing data were used to examine differences in the composition of bacterial communities between Treated and Control containers. Treatment with glucose altered the microbial communities by 1) reducing taxonomic diversity, 2) largely eliminating cyanobacterial taxa, and 3) increasing the relative abundance of subsets of non-cyanobacterial taxa (such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota). These effects were observed across time despite weekly inputs derived directly from Lake water. The addition of glucose to a container receiving weekly additions of Lake water suppressed the cyanobacterial populations during the entire summer bloom season. The glucose appears to stimulate the diversity of certain bacterial taxa at the expense of the cyanobacteria.

关键词： Glucose Cyanobacteria 16S Amplicon Sequencing Microbial Community

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安提瓜危地马拉活火山埋藏的玛雅古城

环球人文地理 2024年第7期 144-153页

作者：时生 allen E Sullivan 山竹 flickr unsplash

贫穷？危险？混乱？绚丽？迷人？灿烂？深度解读安提瓜危地马拉，一个灰暗与斑斓交错的玛雅古城。安提瓜，全称安提瓜危地马拉（意为旧危地马拉），于1543年建城，东临加勒比海洪都拉斯湾，南濒太平洋，拥有500公里海岸线，是中美洲国...

贫穷？危险？混乱？绚丽？迷人？灿烂？深度解读安提瓜危地马拉，一个灰暗与斑斓交错的玛雅古城。安提瓜，全称安提瓜危地马拉（意为旧危地马拉），于1543年建城，东临加勒比海洪都拉斯湾，南濒太平洋，拥有500公里海岸线，是中美洲国家危地马拉的一座古城。这里海拔1530米，全境三分之二是山地和高原，三座壮观的活火山──阿瓜、阿卡特南戈和富埃戈，共同组成一条山谷美景。因为曾作为西班牙危地马拉殖民地的首府，安提瓜存有大量巴洛克式建筑，同时，这里也是古印第安人玛雅文化的中心之一，拥有多处中世纪玛雅文化金字塔遗址。

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Boosting proteolytic pathways as a treatment against glycation-derived damage in the brain?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 320-322页

作者： allen Taylor Eloy Bejarano Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on AgingTufts UniversityBostonMAUSA Departments of Chemical and Molecular Biology and Ophthalmology Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA friedman School of Nutrition and Science Policy Tufts UniversityBostonMAUSA School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEUCEU UniversitiesMoncadaValenciaSpain

The worldwide adaptation of a Western lifestyle is associated with the increased consumption of high glycemia diets and an increased prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes.

关键词： damage obesity prevalence

王家卫首部电视剧唤起对90年代上海的怀旧之情

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商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第2期 36-37页

作者： allen K Wan Lulu Shen Amanda Wang 程玺(译) 不详

一部以90年代的上海为背景的电视剧让这座城市的热潮席卷了中国,切中了人们对往昔岁月日益浓厚的怀旧之情。《繁花》共30集,于今年1月9日播出完结。它讲述了名叫阿宝的年轻的机会主义者试图通过新生的上海股市和出口行业发财的故事,以... 详细信息

一部以90年代的上海为背景的电视剧让这座城市的热潮席卷了中国,切中了人们对往昔岁月日益浓厚的怀旧之情。《繁花》共30集,于今年1月9日播出完结。它讲述了名叫阿宝的年轻的机会主义者试图通过新生的上海股市和出口行业发财的故事,以及他与3个女人的爱恨纠葛。该剧由王家卫改编自小说《繁花》。

关键词：王家卫上海股市电视剧《繁花》 90年代

Relationships between regulated DBPs and emerging DBPs of health concern in U.S. drinking water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 161-172页

作者： Stuart W.Krasner Ai Jia Chih-fen T.Lee Raha Shirkhani Joshua M.allen Susan D.Richardson michael J.Plewa Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Water Quality LaboratoryCA 91750USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaSC 29208USA Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL 61801USA Safe Global Water Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL 61801USA

A survey was conducted at eight U.S. drinking water plants, that spanned a wide range of water qualities and treatment/disinfection practices. Plants that treated heavily-wastewaterimpacted source waters had lower trihalomethane to dihaloacetonitrile ratios due to the presence of more organic nitrogen and HAN precursors. As the bromide to total organic carbon ratio increased, there was more bromine incorporation into DBPs. This has been shown in other studies for THMs and selected emerging DBPs(HANs), whereas this study examined bromine incorporation for a wider group of emerging DBPs(haloacetaldehydes, halonitromethanes). Moreover, bromine incorporation into the emerging DBPs was, in general, similar to that of the THMs. Epidemiology studies that show an association between adverse health effects and brominated THMs may be due to the formation of brominated emerging DBPs of heath concern. Plants with higher free chlorine contact times before ammonia addition to form chloramines had less iodinated DBP formation in chloraminated distribution systems, where there was more oxidation of the iodide to iodate(a sink for the iodide) by the chlorine. This has been shown in many bench-scale studies(primarily for iodinated THMs), but seldom in full-scale studies(where this study also showed the impact on total organic iodine. Collectively, the THMs, haloacetic acids, and emerging DBPs accounted for a significant portion of the TOCl, TOBr, and TOI;however, ~50% of the TOCl and TOBr is still unknown. The correlation of the sum of detected DBPs with the TOCl and TOBr suggests that they can be used as reliable surrogates.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Total organic bromine Total organic iodine Trihalomethanes Haloacetonitriles Haloacetaldehydes Iodo-trihalomethanes Iodoacetic acids