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Effects of carbon content on the microstructure and tensile properties of a low-density steel

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 391-401页

作者： Yongxuan Shang Mingyu Fan Shuyong Jiang Zhongwu zhang Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application Iron&Steel Research Institute of Ansteel Group CorporationAnshan 114009China

carbon can change the phase components of low-density steels and influence the mechanical *** this study,a new method to control the carbon content and avoid the formation ofδ-ferrite by decarburization treatment was *** microstructural changes and mechanical characteristics with carbon content induced by decarburization were systematically ***-Jaoul(c-J)analysis was employed to examine the work hardening characteristics during the tensile *** decarburization by heat treatments,the carbon content within the austenite phase decreased,while Mn and Al were almost unchanged;this made the steel with full austenite transform into the austenite and ferrite dual ***,(Ti,V)c carbides existed in both matrix phase and the mole fraction almost the *** addition,the formation of other carbides *** loss induced a decrease in strength due to the weakening of the carbon solid *** the steel with the single austinite,the deformation mode of austenite was the dislocation planar glide,resulting in the formation of *** the dual-phase steel,the deformation occurred by the dislocation planar glide of austenite first,with the increase in strain,the cross slip of ferrite took place,forming dislocation cells in *** the late stage of deformation,the work hardening of austinite increased rapidly,while that of ferrite increased slightly.

关键词： low-density steels carbon content decarburization strengthening mechanisms work hardening behavior

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Dielectric-ion-conductive ZnNb2O6 layer enabling rapid desolvation and diffusion for dendrite-free Zn metal batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 693-701页

作者： Haifeng Yang Jian Wang Panpan zhang Xiaomin cheng Qinghua Guan Jing Dong Bixian chen Lujie Jia Jing zhang Yongzheng zhang Yunjian Liu Hongzhen Lin School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University i-Lab & cAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Technology State Key Laboratory of chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-metal batteries （AZMBs） are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems due to their low cost and high ***,their performance and sustainability are significantly hindered by the sluggish desolvation kinetics at the electrode/electrolyte interface and the corresponding hydrogen evolution reaction where active water molecules tightly participate in the Zn（H2O）62+solvation ***,learnt from self-generated solid electrolyte interphase （SEI） in anodes,the dielectric but ion-conductive zinc niobate nanoparticles artificial layer is constructed on metallic Zn surface （ZNB@Zn）,acting as a rapid desolvation *** zincophilic and dielectric-conductive properties of ZNB layer accelerate interfacial desolvation/diffusion and suppress surface corrosion or dendrite formation,achieving uniform Zn plating/stripping behavior,as confirmed by electronic/optical microscopies and interface spectroscopical measurements together with theoretical ***,the as-prepared ZNB@Zn electrode exhibits excellent cycling stability of over 2000 h and robust reversibility （99.54%） even under high current density and depth of discharge ***,the assembled ZNB@Zn-based full cell displays high capacity-retention rate of 80.21%after 3000 cycles at 5 A g-1and outstanding rate performance up to 10 A *** large-areal pouch cell is stabilized for hundreds of cycles,highlighting the bright prospects of the dielectric but ion-conductive layer in further application of AZMBs.

关键词： Zn metal battery Dielectric artificial layer Rapid ion diffusion Zincophilic diffusion Active water inhibition

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Energy coupling mechanism of FO in a rotary ATP synthase:a model update

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Biophysics Reports 2019年第2期5卷 61-64页

作者： Xuejun c.zhang Min Liu National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences college of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

INTRODUcTION In nearly all living cells, rotary ATP synthases of the F1 FOfamily are essential to inter-conversing of energy between the transmembrane electrochemical potential and the ATP form（Boyer 1997）. During ATP synthesis,the FOsector of the ATP synthase machinery converts the electrochemical energy of either protons or sodium ions into mechanical energy of a rotor; in turn, this energy is converted into chemical energy of ATP by the F1sector（Gruber et al. 2014; Nakamoto et al. 2008）.

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Structure analysis of the extracellular domain reveals disulfide bond forming-protein properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv2969c

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Protein & cell 2013年第8期4卷 628-640页

作者： Lu Wang Jun Li Xiangxi Wang Wu Liu Xuejun c.zhang Xuemei Li Zihe Rao National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Disulfide bond-forming(Dsb)protein is a bacterial periplasmic protein that is essential for the correct folding and disulfide bond formation of secreted or cell wallassociated *** introduces disulfi de bonds into folding proteins,and is re-oxidized through interaction with its redox partner *** tuberculosis,a Gram-positive bacterium,expresses a DsbA-like protein(Rv2969c),an extracellular protein that has its Nterminus anchored in the cell *** Rv2969c is an essential gene,crucial for disulfi de bond formation,research of DsbA may provide a target of a new class of anti-bacterial drugs for treatment of *** *** the present work,the crystal structures of the extracellular region of Rv2969c(Mtb DsbA)were determined in both its reduced and oxidized *** overall structure of Mtb DsbA can be divided into two domains:a classical thioredoxin-like domain with a typical cXXc active site,and anα-helical *** largely resembles its Escherichia coli homologue EcDsbA,however,it possesses a truncated binding groove;in addition,its active site is surrounded by an acidic,rather than hydrophobic *** our oxidoreductase activity assay,Mtb DsbA exhibited a different substrate specifi city when compared to ***,structural analysis revealed a second disulfi de bond in Mtb DsbA,which is rare in the previously reported DsbA structures,and is assumed to contribute to the overall stability of Mtb *** investigate the disulphide formation pathway in ***,we modeled Mtb Vitamin K epoxide reductase(Mtb VKOR),a binding partner of Mtb DsbA,to Mtb DsbA.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis disulfi de bond forming protein X-ray crystallography

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Energy coupling mechanisms of Acr B-like RND transporters

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Biophysics Reports 2017年第Z2期3卷 73-84页

作者： Xuejun c.zhang Min Liu Lei Han National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences college of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Prokaryotic Acr B-like proteins belong to a family of transporters of the RND superfamily, and as main contributing factor to multidrug resistance pose a tremendous threat to future human health. A unique feature of Acr B transporters is the presence of two separate domains responsible for carrying substrate and generating energy. Significant progress has been made in elucidating the three-dimensional structures of the homo-trimer complexes of Acr B-like transporters, and a three-step functional rotation was identified for this class of transporters. However, the detailed mechanisms for the transduction of the substrate binding signal, as well as the energy coupling processes between the functionally distinct domains remain to be established. Here, we propose a model for the interdomain communication in Acr B that explains how the substrate binding signal from the substrate-carrier domain triggers protonation in the transmembrane domain. Our model further provides a plausible mechanism that explains how protonation induces conformational changes in the substrate-carrier domain. We summarize the thermodynamic principles that govern the functional cycle of the Acr B trimer complex.

关键词： AcrB Membrane potential RND transporter

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crystal structures and biochemical studies of human lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase type 6

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Protein & cell 2013年第7期4卷 548-561页

作者： Jun Li Yu Dong Xingru Lü Lu Wang Wei Peng Xuejun c.zhang Zihe Rao National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Structure Biology Laboratory Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is an important bioac-tive phospholipid involved in cell signaling through G-protein-coupled receptors *** is also involved in balancing the lipid composition inside the cell,and modulates the function of lipid rafts as an intermediate in phospholipid *** of its involvement in these important processes,LPA degradation needs to be regulated as precisely as its ***-tidic acid phosphatase type 6(AcP6)is an LPA-specifi c acid phosphatase that hydrolyzes LPA to monoacylglyc-erol(MAG)and ***,we report three crystal structures of human AcP6 in complex with malonate,L-(+)-tartrate and tris,*** analyses revealed that AcP6 possesses a highly conserved Rossmann-fold-like body domain as well as a less conserved cap *** vast hydrophobic substrate-binding pocket,which is located between those two domains,is suitable for ac-commodating LPA,and its shape is different from that of other histidine acid phosphatases,a fact that is consistent with the observed difference in substrate *** analysis of the binding of three molecules in the active site reveals the involvement of six conserved and crucial residues in binding of the LPA phosphate group and its *** structure also indicates a water-supplying channel for substrate *** structural data are consistent with the fact that the enzyme is active as a *** combination with additional mutagenesis and enzyme activity studies,our structural data provide important insights into substrate recognition and the mechanism for catalytic activity of AcP6.

关键词： lysophosphatidic acid histidine acid phos-phatase crystal structure

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Synergistically enhanced ORR and HER performance on co-N-c coupled in-situ generated Ptco intermetallic

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 721-729页

作者： Guanyu Luo Min Song Lulu An Xiao Huang Qian zhang chenhao zhang Tao Shen Shuang Wang Deli Wang Key Laboratory of Material chemistry for Energy conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Integrating multi-scale sites in a composite catalyst is vital to realize efficient ***,a synergistic composite catalyst consisting of co atomic sites and in-situ generated Ptco intermetallic compounds （IMcs）(o-Ptco@coNc) is proposed through co pre-anchoring and subsequent impregnation-reduction *** loading of co atoms provides a chance for in-situ generating Ptco ordered intermetallic *** remaining co single atoms and Ptco IMcs construct synergistic electrocatalytic *** from the ordered structure,synergistic effect of Pt co IMcs and co single atoms,o-Ptco@coNc exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） and hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） with mass activity of 1.21 A mgPt-1（at 0.9 V） and5.70 A mgPt-1（at an overpotential of 100 mV）,***,o-Ptco@coNc delivers negligible loss of half-wave potential and overpotential during long-term stability test in acid solutions,with 13 mV decay after 50,000 potential cycles for ORR and a 2.7 mV decay after 20,000 potential cycles for *** integration strategy of single-atomic sites coupled IMcs paves the way for enhancing the activity and durability of Pt-based electrocatalysts.

关键词： Electrolytic reduction

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Proton transfer during class-A GPcR activation: do the cWxP motif and the membrane potential act in concert?

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Biophysics Reports 2018年第3期4卷 115-122页

作者： Xuejun c.zhang Ye Zhou can cao National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese Academy of Sciences

INTRODUcTION G-protein-coupled receptors(GPcRs) form the largest receptor superfamily of eukaryotic cells(Flock et al.2017). A typical GPcR protein contains seven transmembrane helices(TMs 1–7)(Palczewski et al. 2000).Upon activation, the GPcR opens a cavity on its cytoplasmic side, between TMs 5–6 and the remaining of the receptor,

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Structural study of the cdc25 domain from Ral-specific guanine-nucleotide exchange factor RalGPS1a

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Protein & cell 2011年第4期2卷 308-319页

作者： Wei Peng Jiwei Xu Xiaotao Guan Yao Sun Xuejun c.zhang Xuemei Li Zihe Rao National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor(GEF)RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP,thus regulating various downstream cellular ***1a is composed of an Nterminal cdc25-like catalytic domain,followed by a PXXP motif and a c-terminal pleckstrin homology(PH)*** cdc25 domain of RalGPS1a,which shares about 30%sequence identity with other cdc25-domain proteins,is thought to be directly engaged in binding and activating the substrate Ral *** we report the crystal structure of the cdc25 domain of *** bowl shaped structure is homologous to the cdc25 domains of SOS and *** most remarkable difference between these three cdc25 domains lies in their active sites,referred to as the helical hairpin *** with previous enzymological studies,the helical hairpin of RalGPS1a adopts a conformation favorable for substrate binding.A modeled RalGPS1a-RalA complex structure reveals an extensive binding surface similar to that of the SOS-Ras ***,analysis of the electrostatic surface potential suggests an interaction mode between the RalGPS1a active site helical hairpin and the switch 1 region of substrate RalA distinct from that of the SOS-Ras complex.

关键词： RalGPS1a RalA cdc25 domain crystal structure

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Satellite remote sensing reveals overwhelming recovery of forest from disturbances in Asia

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 46-51页

作者： Yiying Zhu Hesong Wang Anzhi zhang School of Ecology and Nature conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Regional climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina college of Forestry and Landscape Architecture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina

Forest ecosystems play key roles in mitigating human-induced climate change through enhanced carbon uptake;however,frequently occurring climate extremes and human activities have considerably threatened the stability of *** the same time,detailed accounts of disturbances and forest responses are not yet well quantified in *** study employed the Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend method-an abrupt-change detection method-to analyze the Enhanced Vegetation Index time series in East Asia,South Asia,and Southeast *** approach allowed us to detect forest disturbance and quantify the resilience after *** showed that 20%of forests experienced disturbance with an increasing trend from 2000 to 2022,and Southeast Asian countries were more severely affected by ***,95%of forests had robust resilience and could recover from disturbance within a few *** resilience of forests suffering from greater magnitude of disturbance tended to be stronger than forests with lower disturbance *** summary,this study investigated the resilience of forests across the low and middle latitudes of Asia over the past two *** authors found that most forests exhibited good resilience after disturbance and about two-thirds had recovered to a better state in *** findings of this study underscore the complex relationship between disturbance and resilience,contributing to comprehension of forest resilience through satellite remote sensing.

关键词： Forest ecosystem Enhanced vegetation index Breaks for additive seasonal and trend method Disturbance Resilience

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