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Effect of various aromatic compounds with different functional groups on enzymatic hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose and alkaline pretreated wheat straw

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 211-221页

作者： Yufeng Yuan Xinyu Guo Bo Jiang Wenjuan Wu Tingwei Zhang michael Sweeney Mehraj Ahmad Yongcan Jin Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsJiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and TechnologyNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNNorthern Ireland United Kingdom Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Low molecular aromatic compounds are detrimental to the enzymatic hydrolysis of ***,the specific role of their functional groups remains ***,a series of nine aromatic compounds as additives were tested to understand their effect on the hydrolysis yield of microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)and alkaline pretreated wheat *** on the results,the inhibition of aldehyde groups on MCC was greater than that of carboxyl groups,whereas for the alkaline pretreated wheat straw case,the inhibitory effect of aldehyde groups was lower than that of carboxyl *** methoxyl groups of aromatic compounds reduced the inhibitory ef-fect on enzymatic hydrolysis of both *** inhibition of aromatic compounds on MCC hydrolysis was detected in comparison with the alkaline pretreated wheat straw,indicating that the substrate lignin can offset the inhibition to a certain *** all aromatic com-pounds,syringaldehyde with one aldehyde group and two methoxyl groups improved the glucan conversion of the alkaline pretreated wheat straw.

关键词： Aromatic compound Functional group Enzymatic hydrolysis Alkaline pretreated wheat straw Microcrystalline cellulose

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A randomized,controlled,open label non-inferiority trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus iron sucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia in China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 98-108页

作者： Jie Jin Zhihua Ran Emanuele Noseda Bernard Roubert Matthieu Marty Anna Mezzacasa Udo michael Göring The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University College of MedicineHangzhou310058China Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China Vifor Pharma Glattbrugg8152Switzerland

Iron deficiency(ID)and ID anemia(IDA)pose significant public health concerns in *** iron sucrose(IS)treatment is well-established in the country,ferric carboxymaltose(FCM)offers the advantage of higher doses and fewer *** open label,randomized,controlled,non-inferiority trial was conducted at multiple sites in China to compare the outcomes of FCM(maximum of 2 doses,500 or 1000 mg iron)and IS(up to 11 infusions,200 mg iron)treatments in subjects with *** primary endpoint was the achievement of hemoglobin(Hb)response(an increase of⩾2 g/dL from baseline)within 8 weeks,whereas secondary endpoints included changes in Hb,transferrin saturation,and serum ferritin *** the 371 randomized subjects,a similar percentage of subjects treated with FCM and IS achieved Hb-response(FCM 99.4%,IS 98.3%),thereby confirming the non-inferiority of FCM compared with IS(difference 1.12(−2.15,4.71;95%confidence interval(CI))).Furthermore,a significantly higher proportion of FCM-treated subjects achieved early Hb-response at Week 2(FCM 85.2%,IS 73.2%;difference 12.1(3.31,20.65;95%CI)).Additionally,the increase in TSAT and serum ferritin levels from baseline was significantly greater at all time points for FCM-treated *** safety profiles of FCM and IS were comparable,with the exception of transient hypophosphatemia and pyrexia,which are consistent with FCM’s known safety *** conclusion,FCM proves to be an efficacious treatment for IDA,providing faster Hb-response and correction of ID with fewer administrations than IS.

关键词： iron deficiency anemia intravenous iron ferric carboxymaltose iron sucrose Hb response early response

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Convergent Data-Driven Regularizations for CT Reconstruction

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1342-1368页

作者： Samira Kabri Alexander Auras Danilo Riccio Harmut Bauermeister Martin Benning michael Moeller Martin Burger Helmholtz Imaging Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESYNotkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany Institute for Vision and Graphics University of SiegenAdolf-Reichwein-StraBe 2a57076 SiegenGermany School of Mathematical Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondon E14NSUK The Alan Turing Institute British Library96 Euston RdLondon NW12DBUK Fachbereich Mathematik Universitat HamburgBundesstrasse 5520146 HamburgGermany

The reconstruction of images from their corresponding noisy Radon transform is a typical example of an ill-posed linear inverse problem as arising in the application of computerized tomography(CT).As the(naive)solution does not depend on the measured data continuously,regularization is needed to reestablish a continuous *** this work,we investigate simple,but yet still provably convergent approaches to learning linear regularization methods from *** specifically,we analyze two approaches:one generic linear regularization that learns how to manipulate the singular values of the linear operator in an extension of our previous work,and one tailored approach in the Fourier domain that is specific to *** prove that such approaches become convergent regularization methods as well as the fact that the reconstructions they provide are typically much smoother than the training data they were trained ***,we compare the spectral as well as the Fourier-based approaches for CT-reconstruction numerically,discuss their advantages and disadvantages and investigate the effect of discretization errors at differentresolutions.

关键词： Inverse problems Regularization Computerized tomography(CT) Machine learning

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Ion-conducting Membranes Based on Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Modified by Poly(sodium acrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 333-343,I0007页

作者： Elizaveta V.Batishcheva Nikolay N.Smirnov Natalya V.Bobrova Maria P.Sokolova michael A.Smirnov Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy pr.31Saint Petersburg 199004Russia

Green method for preparation of ion-conducting membranes(ICM) based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers(CNF) modified by a copolymer of sodium acrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was elaborated. FTIR and NMR data confirmed grafting of polyacrylate onto cellulose surface. Formation of porous structure of the ICM was controlled by SEM and AFM. The maximal ionic conductivity of the membranes reaches 1.5 and 3.1 mS·cm^(-1)(60 ℃ and 98% relative humidity) when they are saturated with water or H_2SO_4(1 mol·L^(-1)) electrolyte,respectively. Prepared ICM was tested as a separator in a symmetrical supercapacitor with electrodes based on polyaniline hydrogel. The assembled cell demonstrate ability to operate at high current density up to 100 A·g^(-1) maintaining specific capacitance 165 F·g^(-1). Maximal specific capacitance of 289 F·g^(-1) was achieved at current density 1 A·g^(-1). Retaining of 90% of initial capacitance after 10000 of charge-discharge cycles proves high electrochemical stability of prepared ICM.

关键词： Bacterial cellulose Ion conductivity Porous membrane Supercapacitor

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Terahertz high-sensitivity SIS mixer based on Nb–AlN–NbN hybrid superconducting tunnel junctions

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 681-686页

作者：刘博梁刘冬姚明金骏达王争李婧史生才 Artem Chekushkin michael Fominsky Lyudmila Filippenko Valery Koshelets Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 125009Russia

The terahertz band,a unique segment of the electromagnetic spectrum,is crucial for observing the cold,dark universe and plays a pivotal role in cutting-edge scientific research,including the study of cosmic environments that support life and imaging black ***-sensitivity superconductor–insulator–superconductor(SIS)mixers are essential detectors for terahertz astronomical telescopes and interferometric *** to the commonly used classical Nb/AlO_(x)/Nb superconducting tunnel junction,the Nb/AlN/NbN hybrid superconducting tunnel junction has a higher energy gap voltage and can achieve a higher critical current *** makes it particularly promising for the development of ultra-wideband,high-sensitivity coherent detectors or mixers in various scientific research *** this paper,we present a superconducting SIS mixer based on Nb/AlN/NbN parallel-connected twin junctions(PCTJ),which has a bandwidth extending up to490 GHz–720 *** best achieved double-sideband(DSB)noise temperature(sensitivity)is below three times the quantum noise level.

关键词： SIS mixer terahertz gap voltage critical current density hybrid superconducting tunnel junction

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