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Treatment trends of muscle invasive bladder cancer: Evidence from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, 1988 to 2013

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第1期10卷 9-18页

作者： Victor Chalfant michael l.blute Jr Peter Silberstein Urology at CHI Health Creighton University Medical Center Omaha NEUSA Hematology Oncology at CHI Health Creighton University Medical Center Omaha NEUSA

Objective:Guidelines for muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)recommend that patients receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy with radical cystectomy as treatment over radical cystectomy *** trends and practice patterns of MIBC have been defined using the National Cancer Database,data using the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)program have been poorly ***:Using the SEER database,we collected data of MIBC according to the American Joint Commission on *** considered differences in patient demographics and tumor charac-teristics based on three treatment groups:chemotherapy(both adjuvant and neoadjuvant)with radical cystectomy,radical cystectomy,and *** logistic regression was performed to compare likelihood *** trends were included for each treatment ***-Meier curves were performed to compare cause-specific sur-vival.A Cox proportional-hazards model was utilized to describe predictors of ***:Of 16728 patients,10468 patients received radical cystectomy alone,3236 received chemotherapy with radical cystectomy,and 3024 received *** who received chemoradiotherapy over radical cystectomy were older and more likely to be African American;stage III patients tended to be *** who received chemotherapy with radical cystectomy tended to be males;stage II patients were less likely to be Asian than *** III patients were less likely to receive chemoradiotherapy as a treatment op-tion than stage *** with radical cystectomy and chemoradiotherapy are both un-derutilized treatment options,though increasingly ***-Meier survival curves showed significant differences between stage II and III tumors at each interval.A Cox proportional-hazards model showed differences in gender,tumor stage,treatment modality,age,andmarital ***:Radical cystectomy alone is still the most commonly used treatment for muscle-invasive

关键词： Muscle-invasive bladdercancer Bladder-preservation therapy Chemoradiotherapy Transurethral resectionof bladder tumor Surveillance Epidemiology,and EndResultsProgram Patient demographics Practicetrends Kaplan-Meier survival curves

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Prognostic and predictive biomarkers for metastatic renal cell carcinoma

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 659-671页

作者： logan G.Briggs Eugene B.Cone Richard J.lee michael l.blute Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA Department of Urology Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/OncologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA.

Several prognostic models incorporating serum biomarkers to estimate patient survival have been established for metastatic renal cell *** advancements in biomarker research have highlighted much additional serum,gene mutation,genetic expression signatures,and histologic biomarkers that predict clinical outcomes and response to ***,therefore,reviewed biomarkers associated with overall,cancer-specific,progression-free,and disease-free survival,overall response,and time to treatment failure rate in adult populations with metastatic renal cell *** reviewed human studies reporting associations between biomarkers and clinical *** were abstracted via standardized form,then reported with hazard ratios and confidence intervals where appropriate,subdivided by biomarker type(serum,gene mutation,genetic expression,and histologic).We identified a range of newer biomarkers that have clinical associations with prognostic and predictive *** biomarkers used in modern risk models,those consistently associated with prognosis included serum levels of CAIX,COP-NlR,CRP,s-TATI,and VEGF,gene mutations in BAP1,CDKN2A,CIMP/FH,and TERT,gene expression of ERV and NQO1,and histologic macrophage infiltration and expression of CAIX and *** consistently associated with the response to targeted antiangiogenic therapy included serum CRP,mutations in MET,PBRM-1,BAP1,and the mTOR pathway,TERT promoter mutations,and expression of PTEN and angiogenic gene *** expression of hERV,T-effector,and immunogenic signatures have been associated with improved response to immune checkpoint *** models should incorporate well-studied biomarkers to help clinicians predict outcomes and treatment responses for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

关键词： Carcinoma renal cell biomarkers precision medicine patient-specific modeling neoplasms

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Clinicopathological and oncological significance of persistent prostate-specific antigen after radical prostatectomy:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第3期10卷 317-328页

作者： Shulin Wu Sharron X.lin Kristine M.Cornejo Rory K.Crotty michael l.blute Douglas M.Dahl Chin-lee Wu Department of Urology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Pathology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Objective:To investigate the association of persistently elevated prostate-specific antigen(PSA)after radical prostatectomy(RP)with clinicopathological features and long-term oncological prognosis for the development of a potential management ***:A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and Web of Science up to June 2021 to identify the eligible studies focusing on understanding the impact of persistent PSA in patients who underwent RP for localized prostate ***-analyses were performed on parameters with available ***:A total of 32 RP studies were identified,of which 11 included 26719 patients with consecutive cohorts and the remaining 21 comprised 24177 patients with cohorts carrying specific *** the 11 studies with consecutive cohorts,the incidence of persistent PSA varied between 3.1%and 34.6%with a median of 11.0%.Meta-analyses revealed patients with persistent PSA consistently showed unfavorable clinicopathological features and a more than 3.5-fold risk of poorer biochemical recurrence,metastasis,and prostate cancer-specific mortality prognosis independently,when compared to patients with undetectable ***,cases with persistent PSA in different specific patient cohorts with a higher risk of prostate cancer also showed a trend of worse ***:We found that the frequency of persistent PSA was about 11.0%in consecutive RP *** PSA was significantly associated with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics and worse oncological *** with persistent PSA after RP may benefit from early salvage treatment to delay or prevent biochemical recurrence,improving oncological outcomes for these *** prospective randomized controlled trials are warranted to understand optimal systemic therapy in these patients.

关键词： Prostate cancer Radical prostatectomy Persistent prostatespecific antigen Prognosis Salvage Systematic review Meta-analysis

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Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew l.Skoog michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natural Resources State Key laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three U.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P lture and forest streams with respect to other physical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll-a production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Use of donepezil for neurocognitive recovery after brain injury in adult and pediatric populations:a scoping review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1686-1695页

作者： Avery l.Miller Nathan K.Evanson J.michael Taylor University of Cincinnati College of Medicine CincinnatiOHUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Neurology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA

There are few pharmacologic options for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in pediatric *** inhibitors such as donepezil have been evaluated in adult patients after traumatic brain injury,but relatively less is known about the effect in pediatric *** goal of this review is to identify knowledge gaps in the efficacy and safety of acetylcholinesterase inhibito rs as a potential a djuvant treatment fo r neurocognitive decline in pediatric patients with traumatic brain *** queried PubMed to identify literature published from database inception thro ugh June 2023 desc ribing the use of donepezil in young adult traumatic brain injury and pediatric patients with predefined *** on preselected search criteria,340 unique papers we re selected for title and abstra ct ***-two reco rds were reviewed in full after eliminating preclinical studies and pape rs outside the scope of the *** adult traumatic brain injury,we review results from 14 papers detailing 227 subjects where evidence suggests donepezil is well tole rated and shows both objective and patient-reported efficacy for reducing cognitive *** children,3 pape rs report on 5 children recovering from traumatic brain injury,showing limited *** additional 15 pediatric studies conducted in populations at risk for cognitive dysfunction provide a broader look at safety and efficacy in 210 patients in the pediatric age *** its promise for efficacy in adults with traumatic brain injury and tole rability in pediatric patients,we believe further study of donepezil for children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury is warranted.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase inhibitor adult cognition donepezil pediatrics traumatic brain injury

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Debris Fan Produced by Failure of Canyon-Blocking Pyroclastic Flows

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 328-360页

作者： michael l. Cummings Department of Geology Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

Ash-rich pyroclastic flows from the cataclysmic eruption of Mount Mazama (~7700 yr. B. P.), Cascade volcanic arc, Oregon, entered and blocked the narrow, bedrock-lined canyon of the Williamson River approximately 35 to 44 km from the source volcano. The blockage impounded a body of water which then released producing four stratigraphic units in the downstream debris fan. The four stratigraphic units are a boulder core comprised of locally sourced bedrock boulders and three sand-rich units including a fine-grained sand unit, a sandy pumice gravel (±basalt/hydrovolcanic tuff) unit, and a pumice pebble-bearing, crystal-rich sand unit. Hand-drilled auger holes up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obtain samples of the sand-rich units. Units were delimited using surface and down-hole observations, composition and texture, estimated density, statistical parameters of grain size, and vertical and lateral distribution of properties. Overtopping followed by rapid incision into the ash-rich pyroclastic flows progressively cleared the canyon, but a bedrock knickpoint near the head of the canyon limited the volume of debris available for transport to about 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boulders and lithic-rich sand was followed by rapid deposition with minimal reworking of remobilized pyroclastics. Continued draining of the impounded lake sent hyperconcentrated flows onto the debris fan depositing pumice-rich gravels that graded upward to crystal-rich sands.

关键词： Outburst Flood Mount Mazama Debris Fan Canyon Blockage Pyroclastic Flows

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Disparate outcomes in Hispanic patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease/steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes: large cohort study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 886-897页

作者： Joseph Matthew Gosnell George Golovko Esteban Arroyave Akshata Moghe michael l Kueht Omar AbdulSaldarriaga Kevin H McKinney Heather l Stevenson Monique R Ferguson Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Pharmacology&Toxicology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Center for Tropical Diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASlD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient ***,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic *** combination of MASlD/MASH and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and Hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particularly those in South *** To compare outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the United States,while further focusing on the Hispanic population within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that all clinicians must account for in prognostic *** This cohort analysis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,llC(“TriNetX”),a global federated health research network that provides access to deidentified medical records from healthcare organizations *** cohort networks were used:University of Texas Medical Branch(UTMB)hospital and the United States national database collective to determine whether disparities were related to geographic regions,like Southeast *** This study findings revealed Hispanics/latinos have a statistically significant higher occurrence of HCC,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB Hispanic/latino *** mortality in Hispanics/latinos was lower within the United States group and not statistically elevated in the UTMB *** This would appear to support that Hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquely affected compared to the national Hispanic population.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Hispanic Diabetes mellitus TriNetX Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Steatotic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Injury and illness in short-course triathletes:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 172-185页

作者： Sara A.Guevara Melissa l.Crunkhorn michael Drew Gordon Waddington Julien D.Périard Naroa Etxebarria liam A.Toohey Paula Charlton University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise(UCRISE) BruceACT 2617Australia New South Wales Institute of Sport SydneyNSW 2127Australia Queensland Academy of Sport BrisbaneQLD 4111Australia Triathlon Australia Gold CoastQLD 4227Australia Australian Institute of Sport BruceACT 2617Australia

Background:Determining the incidence and prevalence of injury and illness in short-course triathletes would improve understanding of their etiologies and therefore assist in the development and implementation of prevention *** study synthesizes the existing evidence on the incidence and prevalence of injury and illness and summarizes reported injury or illness etiology and risk factors affecting short-course ***:This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses *** reporting health problems(injury and illness)in triathletes(all sexes,ages,and experience levels)training and/or competing in short-course distances were *** electronic databases(Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,MEDlINE,Embase,APA PsychINFO,Web of Science Core Collection,and SPORTDiscus)were *** of bias was independently assessed by 2 reviewers using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment *** authors independently completed data ***:The search yielded 7998 studies,with 42 studies eligible for ***-three studies investigated injuries,24 studies investigated illnesses,and 5 studies investigated both injuries and *** injury incidence rate ranged 15.7-24.3 per 1000 athlete exposures,and the illness incidence rate ranged 1.8-13.1 per 1000 athlete *** and illness prevalence ranged between 2%-15%and 6%-84%,*** injuries reported occurred during running(45%-92%),and the most frequently reported illnesses affected the gastrointestinal(7%-70%),cardiovascular(14%-59%),and respiratory systems(5%-60%).Conclusion:The most frequently reported health problems in short-course triathletes were:overuse and lower limb injuries associated with running;gastrointestinal illnesses and altered cardiac function,primarily attributable to environmental factors;and respiratory illness mostly caused by infection.

关键词： Athlete illnesses Athletic injuries Epidemiology Triathlon

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Commentary on"Speed and surface steepness affect internal tibial loading during running"

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 125-126页

作者： michael Baggaley Arash Khassetarash Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4Z6Canada

It is a pleasure to write a commentary on the work of *** Rice and colleagues,l who have advanced our understanding of how the mechanical loading environment of the tibia changes as a function of running grade and *** is important that we understand how the tibia is loaded during conditions that an individual is likely to encounter when running as it is these internal loads which we believe are responsible for the development of bone-stress injuries.

关键词： loading injuries likely

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Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1607-1622页

作者： Giulia Foggi Melissa Terranova Matteo Daghio Sergej l.Amelchanka Giuseppe Conte Simon Ineichen Monica Agnolucci Carlo Viti Alberto Mantino Arianna Buccioni michael Kreuzer Marcello Mele Department of Agriculture Food and Environment(DAFE)University of Pisa56124 PisaItaly AgroVet‑Strickhof ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50144Italy Centro Di Ricerche Agro‑Ambientali“E.Avanzi” University of PisaPisa 56122Italy School of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences HAFLBern University of Applied SciencesZollikofenSwitzerland Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland

Background Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds(EOC)have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry.A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia *** these,Q-2(named after quebracho extract and EOC blend 2,composed of carvacrol,thymol,and eugenol)and C-10(chestnut extract and EOC blend 10,consisting of oregano and thyme essential oils and limonene)have been investigated in detail in the present study with the semi-continuous rumen simulation technique(Rusitec)in three independent *** this purpose,Q-2 and C-10,dosed according to the previous study,were compared with a non-supplemented diet(negative control,NC)and with one supplemented with the commercial EOC-based Agolin^(R) Ruminant(positive control,PC).Results From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation liquid was collected and analysed for pH,ammonia,protozoa count,and gas *** residues were collected for the determination of ruminal *** d 10,samples of incubation liquid were also characterised for bacterial,archaeal and fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 26S ribosomal large subunit gene *** of the duration of the fermentation period,Q-2 and C-10 were similarly efficient as PC in mitigating either ammonia(-37%by Q-2,-34%by PC)or methane formation(-12%by C-10,-12%by PC).The PC was also responsible for lower feed degradability and bacterial and fungal richness,whereas Q-2 and C-10 effects,particularly on microbiome diversities,were limited compared to *** All additives showed the potential to mitigate methane or ammonia formation,or both,in vitro over a period of 10 ***,several differences occurred between PC and Q-2/C-10,indicating different mechanisms of *** pronounced defaunation caused by PC a

关键词： Additive Bacteria Continuous culture Degradability Fermentation Fungi Greenhouse gas In vitro Microbiome Rumen

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