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Pediatric Investigation 2021年第2期5卷 136-139页

作者： Heidi C Smith-Vaughan Allen C Cheng Sepehr N.Tabrizi Danielle F Wurzel jemima Beissbarth Amanda j Leach Peter S Morris michael j binks Paul j Torzillo Anne B Chang Robyn L Marsh Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinAustralia School of Medicine Griffith UniversityGold CoastAustralia Monash University MelbourneAustralia Murdoch Children's Research Institute The Royal Children’s HospitalMelbourneAustralia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Royal Darwin Hospital DarwinAustralia Royal Prince Alfred Hospital SydneyAustralia Dept of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine I Queensland Children’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia

Maternal urogenital human papillomavirus(HPV)infection may place neonates at risk of HPV acquisition and subsequently lower respiratory infections as HPV can influence development of *** respiratory HPV prevalence is not known in remote-dwelling Aboriginal infants,who are at high risk of respiratory infection and where the population prevalence of urogenital HPV in women is *** data are necessary to inform HPV vaccination regimens.A retrospective analysis using PCR specific for HPV was performed on 64 stored nasopharyngeal swabs from remote-dwelling Aboriginal infants<6 months of age,with and without hospitalised *** DNA was not detected in any *** the negative result,we cannot exclude a role for HPV in respiratory infections affecting infants in this population;however,our data do not support HPV as an important contributor to acute respiratory infection in remote-dwelling Aboriginal children.

关键词： Human papillomavirus Nasopharyngeal swabs Infants

Can non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae carriage surveillance data infer antimicrobial resistance associated with otitis media?

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Pediatric Investigation 2023年第1期7卷 13-22页

作者： Sophia Bowman-Derrick Tegan M.Harris jemima Beissbarth Mariana Kleinecke Katrina Lawrence Teresa M.Wozniak Amy Bleakley Angela Rumaseb michael j.binks Robyn L.Marsh Peter S.Morris Amanda j.Leach Heidi Smith-Vaughan Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinAustralia Australian e-Health Research Centre CSIRO BrisbaneAustralia Royal Darwin Hospital DarwinAustralia

Importance:In remote communities of the Northern Territory,Australia,children experience high rates of otitis media(OM),commonly caused by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae(NTHi).Few data exist on antibiotic susceptibility of NTHi from ***:To determine whether population-level nasopharyngeal NTHi antibiotic susceptibility data could inform antibiotic treatment for ***:NTHi isolates(n=92)collected from ear discharge between 2003 and 2013 were selected to time-and age-match NTHi isolates from the nasopharyngeal carriage(n=95).Antimicrobial susceptibility were *** trees and a genome-wide association study(GWAS)were performed to determine the similarity of nasopharyngeal and ear isolates at a population ***:Among 174 NTHi isolates available for antimicrobial susceptibility testing,10.3%(18/174)were resistant to ampicillin and 9.2%(16/174)were resistant to *** numbers of isolates(≤3)were resistant to tetracycline,chloramphenicol,or amoxicillin-clavulanic *** was no statistical difference in the proportion of ampicillin-resistant(P=0.11)or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolates(P=0.70)between ear discharge and nasopharynx-derived NTHi *** multi-drug resistant NTHi isolates were *** trees showed no clustering of 187 Haemophilus influenzae isolates based on anatomical niche(nasopharynx or ear discharge),and no genetic variations that distinguished NTHi derived from ear discharge and nasopharyngeal carriage were evident in the ***:In this population-level study,nasopharyngeal and ear discharge isolates did not represent distinct microbial *** results support tracking of population-level nasopharyngeal NTHi antibiotic resistance patterns to inform clinical management of OM in this population.

关键词： Haemophilus influenzae Otitis media Antimicrobial resistance

NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno michael K.E.Schafer Sudena Wang michael j.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NECAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

Modelling internal air systems ingas turbine engines

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航空动力学报 2007年第4期22卷 505-520页

作者： j michael Owen Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Bath

Rotating-disc systems can be used to model,experimentally and computationally,the flow and heat transfer that occur inside the internal cooling-air systems of gas turbine *** rotating-disc systems have been used successfully to simplify and understand some of the complex flows that occur in internal-air systems,and designers have used this insight to improve the cooling effectiveness,thereby increasing the engine efficiency and reducing the *** this review paper,three important cases are considered:hot-gas ingress;the pre-swirl system;and buoyancy-induced ***,or ingestion,occurs when hot gas from the mainstream gas path is ingested into the wheel-space between the turbine disc and its adjacent *** seals are fitted at the periphery of the system,and sealing flow is used to reduce or prevent ***,too much sealing air reduces the engine efficiency,and too little can cause serious overheating,resulting in damage to the turbine rim and blade *** the flow is three-dimensional and unsteady,there are encouraging signs that simple ‘orifice models’ could be used to estimate the amount of ingress into the *** a pre-swirl system,the cooling air for the gas-turbine blades is swirled by stationary nozzles,and the air is delivered to the blades via receiver holes in the rotating turbine *** the air reduces its temperature relative to the rotating blades,and the designer needs to calculate the air temperature and pressure drop in the *** designer also needs to calculate the effect of this swirling flow on the heat transfer from the turbine disc to the air,as this has a significant effect on the temperature distribution and stresses in the *** experimental and computational studies have given a better understanding of the flow and heat transfer in these ***-induced flow occurs in the cavity between two co-rotating compressor discs when the temperature of the discs is higher than

关键词：燃气涡轮机车空气动力学数学模型旋转式圆盘系统

Water transport to the core–mantle boundary

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National Science Review 2021年第4期8卷 13-16页

作者： michael j.Walter Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science

Water can have remarkable effects when exposed to rocks at high pressures and temperatures. It can form new minerals with unique properties and often profoundly affects the physical, transport and rheological properti...

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Pico-washing:simultaneous liquid addition and removal for continuous-flow washing of microdroplets

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 249-261页

作者： michael j.Siedlik David Issadore Department of Bioengineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States

Droplet microfluidics is based on a toolbox of several established unit operations,including droplet generation,incubation,mixing,pico-injection,and *** the last two decades,the development of droplet microfluidic systems,which incorporate these multiple unit operations into a workflow,has demonstrated unique capabilities in fields ranging from single-cell transcriptomic analyses to materials *** unit operation that is sorely underdeveloped in droplet microfluidics is washing,exchange of the fluid in a droplet with a different ***,we demonstrate what we name the"pico-washer,"a unit operation capable of simultaneously adding fluid to and removing fluid from droplets in flow while requiring only a small footprint on a microfluidic *** describe the fabrication strategy,device architecture,and process parameters required for stable operation of this technology,which is capable of operating with kHz droplet ***,we provide an image processing workflow to characterize the washing process with microsecond and micrometer ***,we demonstrate the potential for integrated droplet workflows by arranging two of these unit operations in series with a droplet generator,describe a design rule for stable operation of the pico-washer when integrated into a system,and validate this design rule *** anticipate that this technology will contribute to continued development of the droplet microfluidics toolbox and the realization of novel droplet-based,multistep biological and chemical assays.

关键词： operations simultaneous removing

A primitive confuciusornithid bird from China and its implications for early avian flight

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第5期51卷 625-639页

作者： michael j. BENTON Department of Earth Sciences University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1RJ UK

Confuciusornithids, lived from 120–125 million years ago, form a basal bird group and include the oldest birds with horny beaks. Here we describe Eoconfuciusornis zhengi, gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous Dabeigou Formatio (131 Ma) in Fengning, Hebei Province, northern China. It represents a new and, more primitive than other known, member of this group and extends the lifespan of this family to 11 Ma, the longest of any known Early Cretaceous avian lineages. Furthermore, Eoconfuciusornis and its relatives present many osteological transformations, such as the size increase of the deltopectoral crest of the humerus and the keel of the sternum, apparently an adaptation toward improved flight in the evolution of the Confuciusornithidae.

关键词： Birds Early Cretaceous confuciusornithids flight

Reevaluating the conceptual framework for applied research on host-plant resistance

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Insect Science 2013年第3期20卷 263-272页

作者： michael j. Stout Department of Entomology Louisiana State University Agricultural Center 404 Life Sciences Building Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA

Applied research on host-plant resistance to arthropod pests has been guided over the past 60 years by a framework originally developed by Reginald Painter in his 1951 book, Insect Resistance in Crop Plants. Painter divided the ＂phenomena＂ of resistance into three ＂mechanisms,＂ nonpreference （later renamed antixenosis）, antibiosis, and tolerance. The weaknesses of this framework are discussed. In particular, this trichotomous framework does not encompass all known mechanisms of resistance, and the antixenosis and antibiosis categories are ambiguous and inseparable in practice. These features have perhaps led to a simplistic approach to understanding arthropod resistance in crop plants. A dichotomous scheme is proposed as a replacement, with a major division between resistance （plant traits that limit injury to the plant） and tolerance （plant traits that reduce amount of yield loss per unit injury）, and the resistance category subdivided into constitutive/inducible and direct/indirect subcategories. The most important benefits of adopting this dichotomous scheme are to more closely align the basic and applied literatures on plant resistance and to encourage a more mechanistic approach to studying plant resistance in crop plants. A more mechanistic approach will be needed to develop novel approaches for integrating plant resistance into pest management programs.

关键词： antibiosis antixenosis host-plant resistance integrated pest management,plant-insect interactions tolerance

Knowing your enemies： Integrating molecular and ecological methods to assess the impact of arthropod predators on crop pests

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 6-19页

作者： michael j. Furlong School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland 4072 Austrafia

The importance of natural enemies as the foundation of integrated pest management （IPM） is widely accepted, but few studies conduct the manipulative field experiments necessary to directly quantify their impact on pest populations in this context. This is particularly true for predators. Studying arthropod predator-prey interactions is inherently difficult： prey items are often completely consumed, individual predator-prey interactions are ephemeral （rendering their detection difficult） and the typically fluid or soft-bodied meals cannot be easily identified visually within predator guts. Serological techniques have long been used in arthropod predator gut-contents analysis, and current enzyme linked immunosorbent assays （ELISA） are highly specific and sensitive. Recently, poly- merase chain reaction （PCR） methods for gut-contents analysis have developed rapidly and they now dominate the diagnostic methods used for gut-contents analysis in field-based research. This work has identified trophic linkages within food webs, determined predator diet breadth and preference, demonstrated the importance of cannibalism and intraguild predation within and between certain taxa, and confirmed the benefits （predator persis- tence） and potential disadvantages （reduced feeding on pest species） of the availability of alternative nonpest prey. Despite considerable efforts to calibrate gut-contents assays, these methods remain qualitative. Available techniques for predator gut-contents analysis can provide rapid, accurate, cost-effective identification of predation events. As such, they perfectly compliment the ecological methods developed to directly assess predator im- pacts on prey populations but which are imperfect at identifying the key predators. These diagnostic methods for gut-contents analysis are underexploited in agricultural research and they are almost never applied in unison with the critical field experiments to measure predator impact. This paper stresses the need fo

关键词： conservation biological control enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) gut-contents analysis immunomarking integrated pest management (IPM) polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

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Rethinking the egg

National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 81-82页

作者： michael j.Benton School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol

Our image of early dinosaur eggs must change. Early dinosaur eggs are portrayed as soft-shelled, like those of modern lizards or snakes [1], and yet all the evidence is that early dinosaurs at least laid leathery-shel... 详细信息

关键词： rethinking