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Iterative Subregion Correction Preconditioners with Adaptive Tolerance for Problems with Geometrically Localized Stiffness

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 811-836页

作者： michael franco Per-Olof Persson Will Pazner Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720-3840USA Fariborz Maseeh Department of Mathematics and Statistics Portland State UniversityPortlandOR 97201USA

We present a class of preconditioners for the linear systems resulting from a finite element or discontinuous Galerkin discretizations of advection-dominated *** preconditioners are designed to treat the case of geometrically localized stiffness,where the convergence rates of iterative methods are degraded in a localized subregion of the *** convergence may be caused by a number of factors,including the mesh size,anisotropy,highly variable coefficients,and more challenging *** approach taken in this work is to correct well-known preconditioners such as the block Jacobi and the block incomplete LU(ILU)with an adaptive inner subregion *** goal of these preconditioners is to reduce the number of costly global iterations by accelerating the convergence in the stiff region by iterating on the less expensive reduced *** tolerance for the inner iteration is adaptively chosen to minimize subregion-local work while guaranteeing global convergence *** present analysis showing that the convergence of these preconditioners,even when combined with an adaptively selected tolerance,is independent of discretization parameters(e.g.,the mesh size and diffusion coefficient)in the *** demonstrate significant performance improvements over black-box preconditioners when applied to several model convection-diffusion ***,we present performance results of several variations of iterative subregion correction preconditioners applied to the Reynolds number 2.25×10^(6)fluid flow over the NACA 0012 airfoil,as well as massively separated flow at 30°angle of attack.

关键词： Subregion correction Nested Krylov Geometrically localized stiffness

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飘在空中的火星音箱

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新高考(英语进阶) 2016年第Z1期 4-5页

作者： michael franco

高科技并不局限于外太空探索、生命基因工程,更多的时候它们离我们的生活很近,可以很炫酷,如制作出像飞碟一样悬浮在空中的音箱;可以小清新,如让盆栽飞起来,悠然地自动旋转;可以很体贴,创造出让食物更好吃的刀叉、会像宠物狗一样自己跟... 详细信息

高科技并不局限于外太空探索、生命基因工程,更多的时候它们离我们的生活很近,可以很炫酷,如制作出像飞碟一样悬浮在空中的音箱;可以小清新,如让盆栽飞起来,悠然地自动旋转;可以很体贴,创造出让食物更好吃的刀叉、会像宠物狗一样自己跟在主人身后走的旅行箱等等,所以高科技并不高冷哦。

关键词：磁悬浮

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Quantum weak force sensing with squeezed magnomechanics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 23-32页

作者： Qian Zhang Jie Wang Tian-Xiang Lu Ran Huang franco Nori Hui Jing Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory Cluster for Pioneering ResearchRIKENWako-shi 351-0198Japan Center for Quantum Computing RIKENWako-shi 351-0198Japan Department of Physics University of MichiganAnn Arbor 48109-1040USA College of Physics and Electronic Information Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002China

Cavity magnomechanics,exhibiting remarkable experimental tunability,rich magnonic nonlinearities,and compatibility with various quantum systems,has witnessed considerable advances in recent ***,the potential benefits of using cavity magnomechanical(CMM)systems in further improving the performance of quantum-enhanced sensing for weak forces remain largely *** we show that,by squeezing the magnons,the performance of a quantum CMM sensor can be significantly enhanced beyond the standard quantum limit(SQL).We find that,for comparable parameters,two orders of magnitude enhancement in the force sensitivity can be achieved in comparison with the case without magnon ***,we obtain the optimal parameter regimes of homodyne angle for minimizing the added quantum *** findings provide a promising approach for highly tunable and compatible quantum force sensing using hybrid CMM devices,with potential applications ranging from quantum precision measurements to quantum information processing.

关键词： quantum force sensing cavity magnomechanics magnon Kerr effect

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Carbon stock estimation in halophytic wooded savannas of Uruguay:An ecosystem approach

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 580-589页

作者： Andres Baietto Andres Hirigoyen Carolina Toranza franco Schinato Maximiliano Gonzalez Rafael Navarro Cerrillo Forest Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the RepublicMontevideoPO 12900Uruguay National Research Program of Forest Production National Agriculture Research InstituteTacuaremboPO 97000Uruguay Soil and Water Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the RepublicMontevideoPO 12900Uruguay Department of Forestry Engineering University of CordobaCordobaPO 14014Spain

Savannas constitute a mixture of trees and shrub patches with a more continuous herbaceous *** contribution of this biome to the soil organic carbon(SOC)and above-ground biomass(AGB)carbon(C)stock globally is ***,they are frequently subjected to land use changes,promoting increases in CO_(2) *** Uruguay,subtropical wooded savannas cover around 100,000 ha,of which approximately 28%is circumscribed to sodic soils(i.e.,subtropical halophytic wooded savannas).Nevertheless,there is little background about the contribution of each ecosystem component to the C stock as well as site-specific allometric *** study was conducted in 5 ha of subtropical halophytic wooded savannas of the national protected area Esteros y Algarrobales del Rio *** work aimed to estimate the contribution of the main ecosystem components(e.g.,soil,trees,shrubs,and herbaceous plants)to the C ***-specific allometric equations for the most frequent tree species and shrub genus were fitted based on basal diameter(BD)and total height(H).The fitted equations accounted for between 77%and 98%of the aerial biomass variance of Netuma affinis and Vachellia *** shrubs(Baccharis sp.),the adjusted equation accounted for 86%of total aerial biomass.C stock for the entire system was 116.71±11.07 Mg·ha^(-1),of which 90.7%was allocated in the soil,8.3%in the trees,0.8%in the herbaceous plants,and 0.2%in the *** results highlight the importance of subtropical halophytic wooded savannas as C sinks and their relevance in the mitigation of global warming under a climate change scenario.

关键词： Carbon stock Climate change Biomass modeling Sodic soils

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Influence of previous plane of nutrition on molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of urea and water metabolism related genes in the rumen and kidney of finishing crossbred Angus steers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 232-243页

作者： Aghata E.Moreira da Silva Arturo Macias franco Bradley S.Ferguson Mozart A.Fonseca College of Agriculture Biotechnology&Natural Resources University of Nevada Department of Animal and Range Sciences Clayton Livestock Research Center New Mexico State University

This study aimed to understand how molecular mechanisms controlling water and urea metabolism at the finishing phase can be affected by previous plane of nutrition of crossbred Angus beef steers. Twentyfour(n = 24) animals were randomly distributed into either a moderate(MP) or high plane of nutrition during the background phase for 85 d. Animals were then blocked by their previous plane and were moved onto a 105-d finishing phase in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The forage-finished group received only high-quality alfalfa hay, whereas the grain-fed group received a high grain diet(80% whole corn and20% alfalfa hay). By the end of the finishing phase, animals were harvested and tissue samples from the rumen and kidney were collected. Changes in gene expression of aquaporins(AQP)-2,-3,-4,-7, ATP1A1,ATP1B1, SGK1, CLIC1(kidney and rumen), UT-A1(kidney only) and UT-B(rumen only), were assayed via real-time q PCR; 18S r RNA was used as an endogenous control. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc analysis was conducted. When animals were from MP, forage-finishing increased the relative abundance of AQP3(P ≤ 0.05), AQP7(P ≤ 0.05), ATP1B1(P ≤ 0.05), and SGK1(P ≤ 0.05) in the kidney when compared to grain-fed animals. In the rumen, for the MP group, AQP7 was differentially expressed in both treatments at the finishing phase(P ≤ 0.01), with forage-finished steers having the highest expression of AQP7. For the MP group, UT-B had a tendency of presenting a higher expression on grainfed animals(P = 0.075). Overall, these results suggest that previous plane can impact expression of genes associated with water and urea metabolism during the finishing phase, namely AQP3, AQP7, ATP1B1, and SGK1 in the kidney, and AQP7 and UT-B in the rumen. The greatest impact observed on gene expression changes of investigated genes at the finishing phase was reflective of animals backgrounded on the moderate previous plane.

关键词： Gene expression Aquaporin Sodium channel Urea transporter

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DNA Tandem Repeats as Iterable Objects to Count Cell Divisions: A Computational Model

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 207-234页

作者： Marco franco Giulio Regolini MFR Bioengineering Milano Italy

Cell lineages of nematodes are completely known: the adult male of Caenorhabditis elegans contains 1031 somatic cells, the hermaphrodite 959, not one more, not one less;cell divisions are strictly deterministic (as in the great majority of invertebrates) but so far nothing is known about the mechanism used by cells to count precise numbers of divisions. In vertebrates, each species has its invariable deterministic numbers of somites, vertebrae, fingers, and teeth: counting the number of iterations is a widespread process in living beings;nonetheless, it remains an unanswered question and a great challenge in cell biology. This paper introduces a computational model to investigate the possible role of satellite DNA in counting cell divisions, showing how cells may operate under Boolean logic algebra. Satellite DNA, made up of repeated monomers and subject to high epigenetic methylation rates, is very similar to iterable sequences used in programming: just like in the “iteration protocol” of algorithms, the epigenetic machinery may run over linear tandem repeats (that hold cell-fate data), read and orderly mark one monomer per cell-cycle (cytosine methylation), keep track and transmit marks to descendant cells, sending information to cell-cycle regulators.

关键词： Satellite DNA Tandem-Repeats Epigenetics

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Applying a Context-based Method to Build a Knowledge Graph for the Blue Amazon

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 64-103页

作者： Pedro de Moraes Ligabue Anarosa Alves franco Brandão Sarajane Marques Peres Fabio Gagliardi Cozman Paulo Pirozelli Escola Politécnica Universidade de São PauloRua Visconde da Luz60São PauloSão Paulo 05508-010Brazi Escola Politécnica Universidade de São PauloAv.Prof.Luciano Gualbertotv 3158São Paulo 05508-010Brazil Escola de Artes Ciências e Humanidades Universidade de São PauloRua Arlindo Béttio1000São Paulo 03828-000Brazil Instituto de Estudos Avançados Universidade de São PauloRua da Praça do Relógio109São Paulo 05508-050Brazil

Knowledge graphs are employed in several tasks,such as question answering and recommendation systems,due to their ability to represent relationships between *** constructing such a graphs,however,remains an unresolved challenge within knowledge *** tackle this challenge,we propose CtxKG,a method specifically aimed at extracting knowledge graphs in a context of limited resources in which the only input is a set of unstructured text *** is based on OpenIE(a relationship triple extraction method)and BERT(a language model)and contains four stages:the extraction of relationship triples directly from text;the identification of synonyms across triples;the merging of similar entities;and the building of bridges between knowledge graphs of different *** method distinguishes itself from those in the current literature(i)through its use of the parse tree to avoid the overlapping entities produced by base implementations of OpenIE;and(ii)through its bridges,which create a connected network of graphs,overcoming a limitation similar methods have of one isolated graph per *** compare our method to two others by generating graphs for movie articles from Wikipedia and contrasting them with benchmark graphs built from the OMDb movie *** results suggest that our method is able to improve multiple aspects of knowledge graph *** also highlight the critical role that triple identification and named-entity recognition have in improving the quality of automatically generated graphs,suggesting future paths for ***,we apply CtxKG to build BlabKG,a knowledge graph for the Blue Amazon,and discuss possible improvements.

关键词： knowledge graph word embeddings relationship triple extraction Blue Amazon Atlantic Ocean Brazilian coast

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14-bit SAR ADC with On-Chip Digital Bubble Sorting Calibration Technology

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年

作者： Hua FAN Zhuorui CHEN Tongrui XU franco Maloberti Qi WEI Quanyuan FENG School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering (Exemplary School of Microelectronics) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics Industry Technology Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Institute of Microelectronics Southwest Jiaotong University

This article designs a 14-bit successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter(SAR ADC).A novel digital bubble sorting calibration method is proposed and applied to eliminate the effect of capacitor mismatch on the linearity of the SAR ADC. To reduce the number of capacitors, a hybrid architecture of a high 8-bit binary-weighted capacitor array and a low 6-bit resistor array is adopted by the digital-to-analog(DAC). The common-mode voltage VCM-based switching scheme is chosen to reduce the switching energy and area of the DAC. The time-domain comparator is employed to obtain lower power consumption. Sampling is performed through a gate voltage bootstrapped switch to reduce the nonlinear errors introduced when sampling the input signal. Moreover, the SAR logic and the whole calibration is totally implemented on-chip through digital integrated circuit(IC) tools such as Design Compiler, IC compiler, etc. Finally, a prototype is designed and implemented using 0.18 μm Bipolar-complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)-double-diffused MOS 1.8 V CMOS technology. The measurement results show that the SAR ADC with on-chip bubble sorting calibration method achieves the signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio of 69.75 dB and the spurious-free dynamic range of 83.77 dB.

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Multifaceted superoxide dismutase 1 expression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients:a rare occurrence?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 130-138页

作者： Ilaria Martinelli Jessica Mandrioli Andrea Ghezzi Elisabetta Zucchi Giulia Gianferrari Cecilia Simonini Francesco Cavallieri franco Valzania Department of Neurosciences Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di ModenaModenaItaly Clinical and Experimental Medicine Ph.D.Program University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly Department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly Neurology Unit Neuromotor&Rehabilitation DepartmentAzienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio EmiliaReggio EmiliaItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a neuromuscular condition resulting from the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the cortex,brainstem,and spinal *** the typical clinical phenotype of ALS involves both upper and lower motor neurons,human and animal studies over the years have highlighted the potential spread to other motor and non-motor regions,expanding the phenotype of *** superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1)mutations represent a minority of ALS cases,the SOD1 gene remains a milestone in ALS research as it represents the first genetic target for personalized *** numerous single case reports or case series exhibiting extramotor symptoms in patients with ALS mutations in SOD1(SOD1-ALS),no studies have comprehensively explored the full spectrum of extramotor neurological manifestations in this *** this narrative review,we analyze and discuss the available literature on extrapyramidal and non-motor features during *** multifaceted expression of SOD1 could deepen our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms,pointing towards a multidisciplinary approach for affected patients in light of new therapeutic strategies for SOD1-ALS.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) autonomic extramotor genotype-phenotype multisystem involvement Parkinson’s disease sensory SOD1 superoxide dismutase 1 urinary vocal cord palsy

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Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2480-2494页

作者： Rafael franco Claudia Garrigós Toni Capó Joan Serrano-Marín Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain CiberNed Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Spanish National Health Institute Carlos ⅢMadridSpain School of Chemistry Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Laboratory of Computational Medicine Biostatistics UnitFaculty of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaCampus BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our sense of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional *** receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental *** ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its sensory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely absent in the central nervous *** gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent *** the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's *** ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian *** ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory *** addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing *** analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation *** review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative *** suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous syste

关键词： adenosine receptors adrenergic receptors ectopic expression G proteincoupled receptors glia neurons

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