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Software for automated classification of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy videos of colorectal polyps

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第39期18卷 5560-5569页

作者： barbara André Tom Vercauteren Anna M buchner Murli Krishna Nicholas Ayache michael b wallace Image Computing Group Mauna Kea Technologies75010 ParisFrance Asclepios Research Team The National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control Sophia Antipolis06902 Sophia AntipolisFrance Division of Gastroenterology Hospital of theUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Hospital in JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 3224United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Hospital in JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 3224United States

AIM:To support probe-based confocal laser endomi-croscopy (pCLE) diagnosis by designing software for the automated classification of colonic polyps. METHODS:Intravenous fluorescein pCLE imaging of colorectal lesions was performed on patients under-going screening and surveillance colonoscopies, followed by polypectomies. All resected specimens were reviewed by a reference gastrointestinal pathologist blinded to pCLE information. Histopathology was used as the criterion standard for the differentiation between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. The pCLE video sequences, recorded for each polyp, were analyzed off-line by 2 expert endoscopists who were blinded to the endoscopic characteristics and histopathology. These pCLE videos, along with their histopathology diagnosis, were used to train the automated classification software which is a content-based image retrieval technique followed by k-nearest neighbor classification. The performance of the off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by the 2 expert endoscopists was compared with that of automated pCLE software classification. All evaluations were performed using leave-one-patient- out cross-validation to avoid bias. RESULTS:Colorectal lesions (135) were imaged in 71 patients. based on histopathology, 93 of these 135 lesions were neoplastic and 42 were non-neoplastic. The study found no statistical significance for the difference between the performance of automated pCLE software classification (accuracy 89.6%, sensitivity 92.5%, specificity 83.3%, using leave-one-patient-out cross-validation) and the performance of the off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by the 2 expert endoscopists (accuracy 89.6%, sensitivity 91.4%, specificity 85.7%). There was very low power (bserved differences. The 95% confidence intervals for equivalence testing were:-0.073 to 0.073 for accuracy, -0.068 to 0.089 for sensitivity and -0.18 to 0.13 for specificity. The classification software proposed i

关键词： Colorectal neoplasia Computer-aided diag-nosis Content-based image retrieval Nearest neigh-bor classification software Probe-based confocal laserendomicroscopy

Conscious or unconscious:The impact of sedation choice on colon adenoma detection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第34期17卷 3912-3915页

作者： Mark Metwally Nicholas Agresti William b Hale Victor Ciofoaia Ryan O＇Connor michael b wallace Jonathan Fine Yun Wang Seth A Gross Department of Gastroenterology Norwalk Hospital 34 Stevens St. Norwalk CT 06850 United States Department of Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic 4500 San Pablo Road FL 32224 United States Department of Statistics Yale University 333 Cedar Street New Haven CT 06510 USA 34 Stevens St. Norwalk CT 06850 United States

AIM: To determine if anesthesiologist-monitored useof propofol results in improved detection of adenomaswhen compared with routine conscious sedation. METHODS: This retrospective study was conductedat two separate hospital-based endoscopy units whereapproximately 12 000 endoscopic procedures are permed annually, with one endoscopy unit exclusivelyusing anesthesiologist-monitored propofol. Three thousand two hundred and fifty-two patients underwent initial screening or surveillance colonoscopies. Our primaryend point was the adenoma detection rate, def ined asthe number of patients in whom at least one adenomawas found, associated with the type of sedation. RESULTS: Three thousand two hundred and fi ftytwooutpatient colonoscopies were performed by fi ve selected endoscopists. At least one adenoma was detected in 27.6% of patients (95% CI = 26.0-29.1) with no difference in the detection rate between the anesthes-ologist propofol and group and the gastroenterologist-midazolam/fentanyl group (28.1% vs 27.1%, P = 0.53). CONCLUSION: The type of sedation used during colonoscopy does not affect the number of patients in whom adenomatous polyps are detected.

关键词： Sedation Colonoscopy Adenoma

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如何开展和发表内镜研究

中华消化杂志 2017年第4期37卷 268-274页

作者： michael b. wallace 胡兵刘苓美国佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔市梅奥诊所不详

胃肠道软式内镜最先在20世纪60年代末期被首次报道，在接下来的20～30年间由于能够直视观察胃肠道，内镜主要用于消化道疾病的诊断。当时，临床实践中的医疗决策几乎都来源于临床经验和治疗理论，而很少基于客观证据。

关键词：胃肠道消化内镜临床应用医疗技术

Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology: A state-of-the-art review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第40期27卷 6794-6824页

作者： Paul T Kröner Megan ML Engels benjamin S Glicksberg Kipp W Johnson Obaie Mzaik Jeanin E van Hooft michael b wallace Hashem b El-Serag Chayakrit Krittanawong Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States Cancer Center Amsterdam Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAmsterdam UMCLocation AMCAmsterdam 1105The Netherlands The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Leiden University Medical CenterAmsterdam 2300The Netherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sheikh Shakhbout Medical CityAbu Dhabi 11001United Arab Emirates Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Michael E.DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Section of Health Services Research Michael E.DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Section of Cardiology Michael E.DeBakey VA Medical CenterHoustonTX 77030United States

The development of artificial intelligence(AI)has increased dramatically in the last 20 years,with clinical applications progressively being explored for most of the medical *** field of gastroenterology and hepatology,substantially reliant on vast amounts of imaging studies,is not an *** clinical applications of AI systems in this field include the identification of premalignant or malignant lesions(e.g.,identification of dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma in barrett’s esophagus,pancreatic malignancies),detection of lesions(e.g.,polyp identification and classification,small-bowel bleeding lesion on capsule endoscopy,pancreatic cystic lesions),development of objective scoring systems for risk stratification,predicting disease prognosis or treatment response[e.g.,determining survival in patients post-resection of hepatocellular carcinoma),determining which patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IbD)will benefit from biologic therapy],or evaluation of metrics such as bowel preparation score or quality of endoscopic *** objective of this comprehensive review is to analyze the available AI-related studies pertaining to the entirety of the gastrointestinal tract,including the upper,middle and lower tracts;IbD;the hepatobiliary system;and the pancreas,discussing the findings and clinical applications,as well as outlining the current limitations and future directions in this field.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Deep learning Clinical applications Gastroenterology

Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: Therapy for Early Colorectal Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第1期4卷 291-298页

作者： Kondal R. Kyanam Kabir baig michael b. wallace Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Jacksonville USA

We review the use of Endoscopic Mucosal Resection in the treatment of early colorectal cancer. Newer endoscopic imaging modalities have lead to earlier detection of advanced lesions thus enabling endoscopic curative therapy of lesions that would otherwise need surgery. Early outcomes data suggest promising results. but further long term prospective studies are needed.

关键词： EMR Endoscopic Mucosal Resection ESD Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Early Colon Cancer Colon Cancer Therapy

Total pancreatectomy: Short- and long-term outcomes at a high-volume pancreas center

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第9期8卷 634-642页

作者： Hazem M Zakaria John A Stauffer Massimo Raimondo Timothy A Woodward michael b wallace Horacio J Asbun Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery National Liver Institute Menoufia University Al-Minufya 22732 Egypt Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL 32224 United States Department of Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL 32224 United States

AIM To identify the current indications and outcomes of total pancreatectomy at a high-volume center. METHODS A single institutional retrospective study of patients undergoing total pancreatectomy from 1995 to 2014 was *** One hundred and three patients underwent totalpancreatectomy for indications including: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(n = 42, 40.8%), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(n = 40, 38.8%), chronic pancreatitis(n = 8, 7.8%), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(n = 7, 6.8%), and miscellaneous(n = 6, 5.8%). The mean age was 66.2 years, and 59(57.3%) were female. Twenty-four patients(23.3%) underwent a laparoscopic total pancreatectomy. Splenic preservation and portal vein resection and reconstruction were performed in 24(23.3%) and 18 patients(17.5%), respectively. The 90 d major complications, readmission, and mortality rates were 32%, 17.5%, and 6.8% respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival for patients with benign indications were 84%, 82%, 79.5%, and 75.9%, and for malignant indications were 64%, 40.4%, 34.7% and 30.9%, *** Total pancreatectomy, including laparoscopic total pancreatectomy, appears to be an appropriate option for selected patients when treated at a high-volume pancreatic center and through a multispecialty approach.

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms Laparoscopic total pancreatectomy Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Laparoscopy Pancreas cyst Pancreas cancer

Fusion: It’s Time to Color outside the Lines

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 740-800页

作者： wallace Manheimer US Naval Research Laboratory (Retired) Washington DC USA

There has been some good news, and some bad news in the controlled fusion community recently. The good news is that the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has recently produced a burning plasma. It succeeded on several of its shots where ~1.5 - 2 megajoules from its laser (National Ignition Facility, or NIF) has generated ~1.3 - 3 megajoules of fusion products. The highest ratio of fusion energy to laser energy it achieved, defined as its Q, was 1.5 at the time of this writing. While LLNL is sponsored by nuclear stockpile stewardship, this author sees a likely path from their result to fusion for energy for the world, a path using a very different laser and a very different target configuration. The bad news is that the International Tokamak Experimental Reactor (ITER) has continued to stumble on more and more delays and cost overruns, as its capital cost has mushroomed from ~$5 billion to ~ $25 b. This paper argues that the American fusion effort, for energy for the civilian economy, should switch its emphasis not only from magnetic fusion to inertial fusion but should also take much more seriously fusion breeding. Over the next few decades, the world might well be setting up more and more thermal nuclear reactors, and these might need fuel which only fusion breeders can supply. In other words, fusion should begin to color outside the lines.

关键词： Fusion breeding Direct Drive Laser Fusion ArF Laser Fusion KrF Laser Fusion Tokamaks Stellarators

Correcting distortions of thin-walled machined parts by machine hammer peening

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 439-453页

作者： Aitor MADARIAGA Mikel CUESTA Gorka ORTIZ-DE-ZARATE Eneko SAENZ-DE-ARGANDONA Denis SORIANO michael b.PRIME Pedro Jose ARRAZOLA Department of Materials University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Mechanical and Industrial Production Department Faculty of EngineeringMondragon UnibertsitateaArrasate 20500Spain Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew MexicoUSA

Thin-walled aerostructural components frequently get distorted after the machining *** to correct distortions or eventually rejecting parts significantly increases the *** paper proposes a new approach to correct distortions in thin-walled components by strategically applying hammer peening on target surfaces of a machined *** alloy 7475-T7351 was chosen for this *** study was divided in two ***,the residual stresses(RS)induced by four different pneumatic hammer peening conditions(modifying the stepover distance and initial offset)were characterised in a test coupon,and one of the conditions was selected for the next *** the second stage,a FEM model was used to predict distortions caused by machining in a representative ***,the RS induced by hammer peening were included in an FEM model to define two hammer peening strategies(varying the coverage area)to analyse the capability to reduce *** workpieces were machined and then treated with the simulated hammer peening strategies for experimental *** in the test coupon showed that pneumatic hammer peening can generate high compressive RS(-50 to350 MPa)up to 800 lm depth,with their magnitude increasing with a reduced stepover *** of hammer peening over 4% of the surface of the representative workpiece reduced the machininginduced distortions by 37%,and a coverage area of 100% led to and overcorrection by a factor of *** confirms that hammer peening can be strategically applied(in target areas and changing the percentage of coverage)to correct low or severe distortions.

关键词： Aeronautics Machining,Hammer Peening Aluminium alloy Distortions Residual Stress

Fabrication of sub-20 nm MoS_(2) horizontal nanowire on silicon substrates by inclusion of precursors into polystyrene-bpolyethylene oxide nanopatterns: Detailed structural investigation

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2145-2153页

作者： Tandra Ghoshal michael A.Morris School of Chemistry AMBER and CRANNTrinity College DublinDublinIrelandD02 AK60

Herein,we demonstrate the fabrication of sub-20 nm MoS_(2) horizontal nanowire arrays on silicon substrates using a self-assembled block copolymer assisted in situ inclusion *** separated long-range ordered polystyrene-b-polyethylene oxide(PS-b-PEO)block copolymer(bCP)line-space nanopatterns were achieved through thermo-solvent *** patterns produced had long-range order and domain sizes>1μ*** bCP structures were lightly etched and modified by anhydrous ethanol to facilitate insertion of molybdenum precursor within the film maintaining the parent bCP *** ordered molybdenum oxide nanowire arrays were then fabricated by ultraviolet(UV)/ozone treatment at room *** oxides were converted to sulphides by thermal evaporation at different temperatures in Ar/H_(2) environment.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the composition and phases of the molybdenum oxide and sulphide *** mapping was performed to investigate the interfaces between the oxide and sulphide nanowires with the substrate *** formation and stability of the sulphide nanowires were studied at different *** photoluminescence and Raman properties were studied at different formation temperatures to investigate defects and estimate the number of layers.

关键词： MoS_(2) block copolymer nanowires inclusion X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) mapping photoluminescence