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Effects of insect infestation on rodent-mediated dispersal of Quercus aliena:results from field and enclosure experiments

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 104-113页

作者： Bo ZHANG Xiaoning CHEN michael a.steele Jingang LI Gang CHANG College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina Shaanxi Institute of Zoology Xi’anChina and Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePennsylvaniaUSA

Rodents influence plant establishment and regeneration by functioning as both seed predators and ***,these rodent-plant interactions can vary significantly due to various environmental conditions and the activity of other insect seed ***,we use a combination of both field and enclosure(*** cage and semi-natural enclosure)experiments,to determine whether rodents can distinguish sound seeds from those infested with *** also demonstrate how such responses to insects are influenced by food abun-dance and other environmental *** presented rodents with 2 kinds of Quercus aliena seeds(sound and insect-infested seeds)in a subtropical forest in the Qinling Mountains,central China,from September to No-vember of 2011 to *** results showed that rodents preferred to hoard and eat sound seeds than infested seeds in the field and semi-natural enclosure,while they preferred to eat infested seeds over sound seeds in the individual *** addition,both hoarding and eating decisions were influenced by food *** hoarded more sound seeds in years of high food abundance while they consumed more acorns in years of food *** with field results,rodents reduced scatter-hoarding behavior in semi-natural enclosures and ate more insect-infested seeds in smaller individual *** results further confirm that rodents distinguish infested seeds from non-infested seeds but demonstrate that this behavior varies with conditions(***-ment and food abundance).We suggest that such interactions will influence the dispersal and natural regenera-tion of seeds as well as predation rates on insect larvae.

关键词： food abundance infested seeds larder hoarding scatter hoarding seed dispersal semi-natural enclosure

Scatterhoarding rodents favor higher predation risks for cache sites:The potential for predators to influence the seed dispersal process

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第3期10卷 257-266页

作者： michael a.steele Ghislain ROMPRÉ Jeffrey A.STRATFORD Hongmao ZHANG Matthew SUCHOCKI Shealyn MARINO Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePAUSA The Scotts Company MarysvilleOHUSA School of Life Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina

Scatterhoarding rodents often place caches in the open where pilferage rates are reduced,suggesting that they tradeoff higher risks of predation for more secure cache *** tested this hypothesis in two study systems by measuring predation risks inferred from measures of giving-up densities(GUDs)at known cache sites and other sites for *** GUDs were measured with small trays containing 3 L of fine sand mixed with sunflower *** the first experiment,we relied on a 2-year seed dispersal study in a natural forest to identify caches of eastern gray squirrels(Sciurus carolinensis)and then measured GUDs at:(i)these caches;(ii)comparable points along logs and rocks where rodent activity was assumed highest;and(iii)a set of random *** found that GUDs and,presumably,predation risks,were higher at both cache and random points than those with *** the second site,we measured GUDs of eastern gray squirrels in an open park system and found that GUDs were consistently lowest at the base of the tree compared to more open sites,where previous studies show caching by squirrels to be highest and pilferage rates by naïve competitors to be *** results confirm that predation risks can influence scatterhoarding decisions but that they are also highly context dependent,and that the landscape of fear,now so well documented in the literature,could potentially shape the temporal and spatial patterns of seedling establishment and forest regeneration in systems where scatterhoarding is common.

关键词： giving-up densities predation risk scatterhoarding Sciurus seed dispersal

Environmental variation shifts the relationship between trees and scatterhoarders along the continuum from mutualism to antagonism

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 319-330页

作者： Gina M.SAWAYA Adam S.GOLDBERG michael a.steele Harmony J.DALGLEISH Department of Biology College of William and MaryWilliamsburgVirginiaUSA Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePennsylvaniaUSA

The conditional mutualism between scatterhoarders and trees varies on a continuum from mutualism to antagonism and can change across time and space,and among *** examined 4 tree species(red oak[Quercus rubra],white oak[Quercus alba],American chestnut[Castanea dentata]and hybrid chestnut[***×Castanea] mollissima)across 5 sites and 3 years to quantify the variability in this conditional *** used a published model to compare the rates of seed emergence with and without burial to the probability that seeds will be cached and left uneaten by scatterhoarders to quantify variation in the conditional mutualism that can be explained by environmental variation among sites,years,species,and seed provenance within *** species tested had increased emergence when ***,comparing benefits of burial to the probability of caching by scatterhoarders indicated a mutualism in red oak,while white oak was nearly always *** was variable around the boundary between mutualism and antagonism,indicating a high degree of context dependence in the relationship with *** found that different seed provenances did not vary in their potential for *** did not explain microsite differences in seed emergence in any of the species *** hybrid chestnut only,emergence on the surface declined with soil moisture in the *** quantifying the variation in the conditional mutualism that was not caused by changes in scatterhoarder behavior,we show that environmental conditions and seed traits are an important and underappreciated component of the variation in the relationship between trees and scatterhoarders.

关键词： Castanea dentata conditional mutualism Quercus alba Quercus rubra temperate forest

Invasive oaks escape pre-dispersal insect seed predation and trap enemies in their seeds

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 228-237页

作者： MichałBOGDZIEWICZ Raul BONAL Josep MESPELTA Ewa M.KALEMBA michael a.steele RafałZWOLAK Department of Systematic Zoology Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańPoland CREAF Cerdanyola del VallesCataloniaSpain Forest Research Group INDEHESAUniversity of ExtremaduraPlasenciaSpain DITEG Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain Laboratory of Seed Biochemistry Institute of DendrologyPolish Academy of SciencesKórnikPoland Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePennsylvaniaUSA

Species introduced to habitats outside their native range often escape control by their natural *** competing with native species,an alien species might also affect the native herbivores by introducing a new source of different quality ***,we describe the case of northern red oak(Quercus rubra)invasion in *** collected data on insect(moth Cydia *** weevil Curculio spp.)seed predation of northern red oak in its native(USA,North America)and invasive(Poland,Europe)range,as well as for sessile oaks(Quercus petrea)in *** also evaluated the quality of acorns as hosts for weevil larvae by collecting infested acorns and measuring weevil developmental success,and quantifying acorn traits such as seed mass,tannins,lipids and protein *** used DNA barcoding to identify insects to the species *** predation by moths was similar and very low in both species and in both ***,red oaks escape pre-dispersal seed predation by weevils in *** infestation rates of northern red oak acorns in their invasive range were 10 times lower than that of sessile oaks,and also 10 times lower than that of red oaks in North ***,even when weevils oviposited into northern red oaks,the larvae failed to develop,suggesting that the exotic host created a trap for the *** phenomenon might gradually decrease the local abundance of the seed predator,and further aid the invasion.

关键词： biotic invasions ecological trap enemy release hypothesis seed predation weevils

Frugivory and seed dispersal:integrating patterns, mechanisms and consequences of a key animal-plant interaction

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第3期6卷 165-167页

作者： Tomás A.CARLO Ahimsa CAMPOS-ARCEIZ michael a.steele Wenhua XIONG Department of Biology The Pennsylvania State UniversityUSA School of Geography The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusMalaysia Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityUSA Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesChina

The study of frugivory and seed dispersal is both excit-ing and challenging because it integrates research from multiple biological disciplines,including zoology,botany,physiology,behavioral ecology,evolution,conservation,and population and community *** the center of these investigations is one of the most important mutual-istic relationships hypothesized to organize and maintain diversity in terrestrial ecosystems:the movement of plant seeds by fruit and seed-eating animals(Bascompte&Jordano 2007).Although recent studies on the seed dis-persal process have advanced the breadth and depth of our understanding of this keystone interaction,many ques-tions are still unanswered.A clear synthesis and theoreti-cal framework for integrating what we do know also re-mains ***,the imperative to better under-stand the movement of organisms in the face of human-induced global changes has sparked an additional need for seed dispersal studies(Wang&Smith 2002;Bullock&Nathan 2008;Nathan et al.2008).

关键词： integrating interaction consequences

An Integrative Look at Frugivory and Seed Dispersal Studies

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 71-73页

作者： Ahimsa CAMPOS-ARCEIZ michael a.steele Tomás A.CARLO Wenhua XIONG School of Geography The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusMalaysia Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityUSA Department of Biology Pennsylvania State UniversityUSA Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesChina

The declaration of 2010 as the International Year of Biodiversity by the United Nations’General Assembly was a recognition of the reality and gravity of the current biodiversity crisis,an episode in earth’s history that many now consider the 6th Mass Extinction(Wake&Vredenburg 2008).Human-driven loss of biodiversity refers not only to the loss of species,populations,and genetic diversity,but also to the loss of ecological interactions that are central to ecosystem function(Tylianakis et al.2008).

关键词： biodiversity Biodiversity earth

Does multiple seed loading in Blue Jays result in selective dispersal of smaller acorns?

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第3期6卷 235-243页

作者： Andrew W.BARTLOW michael KACHMAR Nathanael LICHTI Robert K.SWIHART Jeffrey A.STRATFORD michael a.steele Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes BarrePennsylvaniaUSA Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA

Studies from both tropical and temperate systems show that scatter-hoarding rodents selectively disperse larger seeds farther from their source than smaller seeds,potentially increasing seedling establishment in larger-seeded ***-biased dispersal is evident in many oaks(Quercus)and is true both across and within ***,we predict that intraspecifc variation in seed size also influences acorn dispersal by the Blue Jay(Cyanocitta cristata Linnaeus),but in an opposite *** Jays are gape-limited and selectively disperse smaller acorn species(*** oaks[Quercus palustris Münchh]),but often carry several acorns in their crop during a single dispersal *** predict that jays foraging on smaller acorns will load more seeds per trip and disperse seeds to greater distances than when single acorns are carried in the *** test this,we presented free-ranging Blue Jays with pin oak acorns of different sizes over a 2-year *** each of 16 experimental trials,we monitored the birds at a feeding station with remote cameras and determined the number of acorns removed and the distance acorns were dispersed when *** were significantly more likely to engage in multiple seed loading with smaller seeds in both years of the *** the second year,these smaller acorns were dispersed farther than larger acorns,and during the first year,larger acorns were dispersed farther,revealing an inconsistent response to seed size during our *** suggest that in some circumstances,multiple seed loading by Blue Jays may favor dispersal in some plant species.

关键词： acorn dispersal Blue Jays Cyanocitta cristata Quercus seed size

Seed traits and rodent community interact to determine seed fate:evidence from both enclosure and field experiments

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 939-954页

作者： Xiang HOU Bo ZHANG michael a.steele Ning HAN Tuo FENG Jing WANG Xiaoning CHEN Xiaolei AN Gang CHANG Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation Shaanxi Institute of ZoologyXi’anChina School of Biomedicine and Food Engineering Shangluo UniversityShangluoChina Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePennsylvaniaUSA

Animal-mediated seed dispersal is an important ecological process in which a strong mutualism between animals and plants can ***,few studies have examined how a community of potential seed dispersers interacts with sympatric seed *** employed a series of experiments in the Qinling Mountains in both semi-natural enclosure and the field to assess the interactions among 3 sympatric rodent species and 3 Fagaceae tree *** traits all showed similar tannin levels but markedly different physical traits and nutritional *** found that seeds with heavy weight,thick coat,and high nutritional contents were less likely to be eaten in situ but more often to be eaten after dispersal or hoarded by *** results support both the handling time hypothesis and the high nutrition ***,we also found that rodents,maybe,preferred to consume seeds with low levels of crude fiber in situ,and to harvest and hoard those with high levels of crude fiber for later *** sympatric rodent species,Cansumys canus,the largest rodent in our study,harvested and hoarded more Quercus variabilis seeds with high physical and nutritional traits,while Apodemus draco,the smallest rodent,harvested more *** seeds with low physical and nutritional traits,and Niviventer confucianus harvested and hoarded more *** seeds with medium physical and nutritional *** study demonstrates that different seed traits play different roles in influencing the seed fate and the shaping of mutualism and predation interactions within a community of rodent species.

关键词： hoarding behavior seed dispersal seed fate seed traits semi-natural enclosure

Shifts in the Holstein dairy cow milk fat globule membrane proteome that occur during the first week of lactation are affected by parity

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 534-548页

作者： Mallory C.Honan Megan J.Fahey Amanda J.Fischer-Tlustos michael a.steele Sabrina L.Greenwood Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of VermontBurlingtonVT 05405USA Department of Animal Biosciences University of GuelphGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada Department of Agriculture Food&Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2P5Canada

Background:The milk fat globule membrane(MFGM)proteomes of colostrum and transition milk are rich sources of proteins that are likely important for neonatal calf *** addition,characterization of these proteomes could also yield valuable information regarding mammary gland physiology of the early postpartum lactating *** objectives of this research were to characterize the MFGM proteomes of colostrum and transition milk through sample collections at four timepoints postpartum,including the first milking(M1,colostrum),second milking(M2,transition milk),fourth milking(M4,transition milk),and fourteenth milking(M14,mature milk),and compare these proteomes between multiparous(MP;n=10)and primiparous(PP;n=10)Holstein dairy *** MFGM proteins were labeled using Tandem Mass tagging and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Protein identification was completed using MASCOT and Sequest in Proteome Discoverer *** scaled abundance values were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS to determine the effects of milking(MIL),parity(PAR),and MIL×*** adaptive false-discovery rate(FDR)-adjusted P values were determined using PROC *** characterization and bioinformatic analysis were completed using a combination of PANTHER,Blast,and ***:A total of 104 common proteins were identified in each of the MFGM *** analysis revealed that 70.2%of identified proteins were affected by *** these,78.1%were lower in M14 compared with M1,including immune-related proteins lactotransferrin,lactadherin and *** affected 44.2%of *** the proteins affected by PAR,84.8%were higher in MP cows compared with PP cows,including apolipoprotein E and histones 2A,2B,3,and 4 *** subfamily 1 member 1A and annexin 5 were higher in samples from PP ***×parity affected 32.7%of identified proteins,including lactotransferrin,gelsolin,vitamin D binding protein,and S100 ***

关键词： Colostrum LC-MS/MS Parity