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Effect of drying cracks on swelling and self-healing of bentonite-sand blocks used as engineered barriers for radioactive waste disposal

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1776-1787页

作者： Yu Tan Guangping Zhou Huyuan Zhang Xiaoya li ping liu School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China (Lanzhou University) Ministry of EducationLanzhou730000China Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI53706USA

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the healing of drying cracks in air-dried bentonite-sand blocks after hydration and swelling in groundwater,providing justifications to simplify the protection of blocks prior to installation in a high-level radioactive waste *** groundwater was prepared to represent the geochemistry of Beishan groundwater,and was used to hydrate the blocks during the swelling pressure and swelling strain measurements,as Beishan is the most promising site for China's *** of the surface cracks was recorded by photography,and healing of the internal cracks was visualized by CT images and hydraulic conductivity of air-dried *** results indicate that the maximum swelling pressure and swelling strain are primarily affected by the geochemistry of Beishan groundwater,but not affected by the drying *** maximum swelling pressure and swelling strain of air-dried blocks are comparable to or even higher than the pressure and strain of fresh *** maximum swelling pressure measured in strong(*** ion strength)Beishan groundwater was 44%of the pressure measured in deionized(DI)water,and the maximum swelling strain was reduced to 23%of the strain measured in DI ***,the remained swelling of the blocks hydrated in strong Beishan groundwater was sufficient to heal the surface and internal drying cracks,as demonstrated by the pictures of surface cracks and CT *** hydraulic conductivity of the air-dried block permeated with strong groundwater was comparable(3.7×higher)to the hydraulic conductivity of the fresh block,indicating the self-healing of drying cracks after hydration and swelling in groundwater.A simplified method of protecting the block with plastic wraps before installation is recommended,since the remained swelling of the block hydrated in Beishan groundwater is sufficient to heal the drying cracks.

关键词： Beishan groundwater chemistry Bentonite buffer Drying cracks High-level radioactive waste(HLW) Self-healing Swelling

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Time-resolved ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering beamline(BL10U1)at SSRF

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 6-19页

作者： Wen-Qiang Hua Chun-Ming Yang ping Zhou Feng Tian Jin-You lin Yu-Zhu Wang Xiao-Yun li Xia-Ran miao Chun-Xia Hong Qiu-Shi Huang Xin-Tong Zhao Yong-Feng Men Jie Wang Xing-Yu Gao Xiu-Hong li Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro Structural Materials MOEInstitute of Precision Optical EngineeringSchool of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

The construction of a new beamline,BL10U1,was completed at the Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility in *** multipurpose beamline was designed to provide X-ray scattering techniques such as ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering(USAXS),small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS),wide-angle X-ray scattering,and microfocus SAXS(μSAXS)for a broad user *** realize fast time-resolved USAXS experiments,the beamline adopted an in-vacuum undulator with a total length of 1.6 m as the photon *** in-house cryogenic-cooled double multilayer monochromator was installed to deliver a photon flux of approximately 10^(13) photons/s at a photon energy of 10 *** three-year successful operation of this beamline demonstrated that the monochromator operated smoothly,as ***10U1 has three end stations in succession:USAXS end station,μSAXS end station,and end station for industrial *** minimum scattering vector q~0.0042 nm^(-1) at 10 keV can be achieved at the USAXS end station equipped with a 28 m-long and 1.8 m-diameter vacuum flight *** theμSAXS end station,a beam spot of less than 10×8μm was achieved for micro-SAXS *** contrast,in situ experimental instruments up to 5 m high and 8 m wide can be mounted at the industrial application end station,which offers industrial scientists the opportunity to use their large industrial ***10U1 opens up a new capability to investigate phenomena such as non-equilibrium and dynamic processes of materials with a wide length scale from angstroms to micrometers with millisecond time *** this paper,we also report beamline design considerations and commissioning results.

关键词： Synchrotron radiation Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering Micro small-angle X-ray scattering USAXS Time resolved μSAXS

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Ensemble projections of climate and streamflow in a typical basin of semi-arid steppes in Mongolian Plateau of 2021-2100

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 230-243页

作者： Hang PAN Jian-ping TANG liang CHENG Man-Chun li Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The Kherlen River is the main water source for Hulun Lake,the largest lake in northern *** to reduced inflow from the Kherlen River,Hulun Lake experienced rapid shrinkage at the beginning of the 21st century,posing a serious threat to the ecological security of northern ***,there is still a significant lack of projections regarding future climate change and its hydrological response in the Kherlen River *** study analyzed the projected climate and streamflow changes in the Kherlen River basin,a vital yet vulnerable international semi-arid steppes type basin.A combination of multi-model ensemble projection techniques,and the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model was employed to examine the spatio-temporal changes in precipitation,temperature,streamflow,and the associated uncertainties in the *** temperature(an increase of 1.84-6.42℃)and the precipitation(an increase of 15.0-46.0 mm)of Kherlen River basin are projected to increase by 2100,leading to a rise in streamflow(1.08-4.78 m^(3) s^(-1)).The upstream of the Kherlen River exhibits remarkable increasing trends in precipitation,which has a dominant influence on streamflow of Kherlen *** increases in streamflow are observed in April,August,September,and October compared to the reference period(1971-2000).These findings suggest a partial alleviation of water scarcity in the Kherlen River,but also an increased likelihood of hydrological extreme *** projected temperature increase in the Kherlen River basin exhibits the smallest uncertainty,while more pronounced uncertainties are found in precipitation and *** spread among the results of CMIP6 models is greater than that of CMIP5 models,with lower signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)values for temperature,precipitation,and streamflow.

关键词： Climate change Flow projection Uncertainty SWAT Mongolian Plateau

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Coupling effect of cement-stabilization and biopolymer-modification on the mechanical behavior of dredged sediment

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 3284-3298页

作者： Lei Lang Jiangshan li Xiao Huang ping Wang Wei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Contaminated Sludge and Soil Science and Engineering Wuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Nowadays,biopolymer stabilization as a promising eco-friendly approach in soft ground improvement has attracted wide ***,the feasibility of using biopolymer as a green additive of cementstabilized dredged sediment(CDS)with high water content is still *** this study,guar gum(GG)and xanthan gum(XG)were adopted as typical biopolymers,and a series of unconfined compressive strength(UCS),splitting tensile strength(STS)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical and microstructural properties of XG-and GG-modified CDSs considering several factors including biopolymer modification,binderesoil ratio and wateresolid ***,the micro-mechanisms revealing the evolutions of mechanical properties of biopolymermodified CDS were *** results indicate that the addition of XG can effectively improve the strength of CDS,while the GG has a side *** XG content of 9%was recommended,which can improve the 7 d-and 28 d-UCSs by 196%and 51.8%,together with the 7 d-and 28 d-STSs by 118.3%and 42.2%,*** the binderesoil ratio or decreasing the wateresolid ratio significantly improved the strength gaining but aggravated the brittleness characteristics of *** XG to CDS contributed to the formation of microstructure with more compactness and higher cementation degrees of ordinary Portland cement(OPC)-XG-stabilized DS(CXDS).The micro-mechanism models revealing the interactions of multiple media including OPC cementation,biopolymer film bonding and bridging effects inside CXDS were *** key findings confirm the feasibility of XG modification as a green and high-efficiency mean for improving the mechanical properties of CDS.

关键词： Dredged sediment(DS) Stabilization Biopolymer modification Mechanical properties Micro-mechanism

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Trace element compositions of pyrite and stibnite:implications for the genesis of antimony mineralization in the Yangla Cu skarn deposit,Northwestern Yunnan,China

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 535-554页

作者： ping Pan Xinfu Wang Bo li Guo Tang Zuopeng Xiang Faculty of Land and Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Kunming Metallurgy College Kunming 650033China School of Earth Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co. LtdKunming 650051China

The Yangla Cu skarn deposit is located in the central part of the Jinshajiang Suture Zone,southwest China,with a total reserve of 150 Mt Cu@1.03%.The newly discovered antimony orebodies at the depth of Yangla are strictly controlled by the stratum,structure,and lithology,which are lenticular and vein-like within the marble fracture zone,which can provide a window into multistage miner-alization and ore genesis at *** can be divided into three types,Cu–Pb–Zn(skarn)pyrite,galena,and sphalerite,Cu(porphyry)chalcopyrite and pyrite,and Sb(hydrothermal)stibnite and *** mineral assem-blages were stibnite+pyrite+calcite+quartz±minor scheelite in antimony *** study presents quantitative measurements of the trace element compositions of pyrite and stibnite from the Yangla antimony *** of pyrite with electron probe microanalysis(EPMA)showed enrichment in Co,Ni,Sb,As,and Mo,and deficit in its S and Fe contents when compared to the stoichiometric con-centrations of S and Fe in *** Sb-related pyrite may belong to sedimentary-reworked genesis and may be modi-fied by hydrothermalfluids,thereby presenting a certain dif-ference(i.e.,crystal morphology,texture,and chemical com-position)compared to the skarn and porphyry Cu-related pyrite in the Yangla Cu skarn *** of stibnite with EPMA and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrom-etry showed enrichment in As,Pb,Sn,Pb,Cu,and Zn,and presented much higher Sb contents and slightly lower S con-tents when compared to the stoichiometric concentrations of Sb and S in *** analysis of the stibnite trace elements showed correlations for the elemental pairs Cu–Pb,As–Sb,and Sn–Pb,and the coupled substitution equations Sb^(3+)↔Cu^(+)+Pb^(2+),Sb^(3+)↔As^(3+),and Sn^(2+)↔Pb^(2+)may be the major factors governed the incorporating Cu,Pb,As and Sn within the ***,this study preliminary shows that the antimony mineralization may belong to a car-bonate replacement h

关键词： Trace elements Pyrite Stibnite Substitution mechanisms Antimony mineralization Yangla Cu skarn deposit

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Equilibrium Reinsurance Strategy and Mean Residual life Function

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第3期40卷 758-777页

作者： Dan-ping li Lv CHEN lin-yi QIAN Wei WANG School of Statistics Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOEEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Academy of Statistics and Interdisciplinary Sciences Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOEEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of Mathematics and Statistics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

In this paper,we analyze the relationship between the equilibrium reinsurance strategy and the tail of the distribution of the *** Mean Residual life(MRL)has a close relationship with the tail of the distribution,we consider two classes of risk distributions,Decreasing Mean Residual life(DMRL)and Increasing Mean Residual life(IMRL)distributions,which can be used to classify light-tailed and heavy-tailed distributions,*** assume that the underlying risk process is modelled by the classical CramérLundberg model *** the mean-variance criterion,by solving the extended Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation,we derive the equilibrium reinsurance strategy for the insurer and the reinsurer under DMRL and IMRL,***,we analyze how to choose the reinsurance premium to make the insurer and the reinsurer agree with the same reinsurance *** find that under the case of DMRL,if the distribution and the risk aversions satisfy certain conditions,the insurer and the reinsurer can adopt a reinsurance premium to agree on a reinsurance strategy,and under the case of IMRL,the insurer and the reinsurer can only agree with each other that the insurer do not purchase the reinsurance.

关键词： mean residual life excess-of-loss reinsurance insurer reinsurer stochastic control

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Advancements in S-scheme heterojunction materials for photocatalytic environmental remediation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 182-198页

作者： Changliang Nie Xiaohan Wang ping Lu Yukun Zhu Xin li Hua Tang School of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesQingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Institute of Biomass Engineering Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and UtilizationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao266237China

Recently,S-scheme heterojunctions have gained considerable attention in the field of photocatalytic environmental remediation as their potential to achieve efficient spatial charge separation coupled with strong redox ***,this review provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in the development of S-scheme-based photocatalysts for the purification of environmental *** review first covers the fundamentals of heterogeneous photocatalysis for environmental ***,an introduction to the background,mechanism,design principles,and characterization techniques of S-scheme heterojunctions is ***,the review presents a comparison and summary of using various S-scheme photocatalysts for the removal of several target pollutants,such as bacteria,heavy metals,nitrogen oxides,antibiotics,and ***,the modification strategies of S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are also ***,a brief discussion of the challenges and prospects associated with S-scheme photocatalytic systems is demonstrated.

关键词： S-scheme heterojunctions Photocatalyst Pollutant Environmental remediation

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Activatable photoacoustic bioprobe for visual detection of aging in vivo

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 324-329页

作者： Zihong li Jie Cheng ping Huang Guoliang Wu Weiying lin Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Aging is a natural physiological process with various challenges, related to the loss of homeostasis within the organism, which is not a disease, but a significantly strong risk factor for multiple diseases, including myocardial infarction, stroke, some age-related cancers, macular degeneration, osteoarthritis, neurodegeneration, and many others. In the body, the main manifestation of aging is cellular aging, which exists within tissues and has a local or global impact on tissue function. However, the lack of effective aging detection tools has always been an issue that cannot be ignored in the field of aging research. Therefore,it is necessary to construct a non-invasive tool for in vivo detection of aging. Here, we show that the photoacoustic probe(LGAL), which has peak excitation and emission wavelengths in the near-infrared optical window, binds in vivo and at high contrast to the hallmark of aging, and allows for the microscopic imaging of aging through the intact mice. Firstly, this tool LGAL has been successfully applied to detect senescence in cells, displaying stronger photoacoustic signals than normal cells. Then, by using the photoacoustic probe, the blood vessels and tissues inside the mice can be visualized. Young and elderly mice exhibit varying intensities of photoacoustic signals, marking the first time a probe has been used to explore the aging of blood vessels and tissues inside the mice. Finally, we monitored the changes in the degree of aging during tumor treatment under photoacoustic(PA) imaging for the first time. As the treatment time increased, the degree of aging of the tumor gradually deepened. We expect the powerful tool could be a noninvasive and powerful tool for the study of aging biology.

关键词： Near-infrared Photoacoustic Aging Senescence Tumor Sa-β-gal

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Influence of pressure disturbance wave on dynamic response characteristics of liquid film seal for multiphase pump

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2048-2065页

作者： Qing-ping li Jin-Ya Zhang Jia-Xiang Zhang Yong-Xue Zhang CNOOC Research Institute Company limited Beijing100028China State Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Hydrate Beijing100028China College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing2249China

Slug flow or high GVF(Gas Volume Fraction)conditions can cause pressure disturbance waves and alternating loads at the boundary of mechanical seals for multiphase pumps,endangering the safety of multiphase pump *** mechanical seal model is simplified by using periodic boundary conditions and numerical calculations are carried out based on the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation ***(User Define Function)programs such as structural dynamics equations,alternating load equations,and pressure disturbance equations are embedded in numerical calculations,and the dynamic response characteristics of mechanical seal are studied using layered dynamic mesh *** results show that when the pressure disturbance occurs at the inlet,as the amplitude and period of the disturbance increase,the film thickness gradually *** the fundamental reason for the hysteresis of the film thickness change is that the pressure in the high-pressure area cannot be restored in a timely *** maximum value of leakage and the minimum value of axial velocity are independent of the disturbance period and determined by the disturbance *** mutual interference between enhanced waves does not have a significant impact on the film thickness,while the front wave in the attenuated wave has a promoting effect on the subsequent film thickness changes,and the fluctuation of the liquid film cavitation rate and axial velocity under the attenuated wave condition deviates from the initial *** with pressure disturbance conditions,alternating load conditions have a more significant impact on film thickness and *** actual operation,it is necessary to avoid alternating load conditions in multiphase pump mechanical seals.

关键词： Multiphase pump liquid film seal Pressure disturbance wave Dynamic response characteristics

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Irregular initial solidification by mold thermal monitoring in the continuous casting of steels:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1003-1015页

作者： Qiuping li Guanghua Wen Fuhang Chen ping Tang Zibing Hou Xinyun Mo College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Occasional irregular initial solidification phenomena,including stickers,deep oscillation marks,depressions,and surface cracks of strand shells in continuous casting molds,are important limitations for developing the high-efficiency continuous casting of *** application of mold thermal monitoring(MTM) systems,which use thermocouples to detect and respond to temperature variations in molds,has become an effective method to address irregular initial solidification *** systems are widely applied in numerous steel companies for sticker breakout ***,monitoring the surface defects of strands remains ***,indepth research is necessary to utilize the potential advantages and comprehensive monitoring of MTM *** paper summarizes what is included in the irregular initial solidification phenomena and systematically reviews the current state of research on these phenomena by the MTM ***,the influences of mold slag behavior on monitoring these phenomena are ***,the remaining problems of the formation mechanisms and investigations of irregular initial solidification phenomena are discussed,and future research directions are proposed.

关键词： irregular initial solidification mold thermal monitoring continuous casting mold slag thermocouple

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