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基于轻量化改进型YOLOv5s的玉米病虫害检测方法

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江苏农业学报 2024年第3期40卷 427-437页

作者：施杰林双双张威陈立畅张毅杰杨琳琳云南农业大学机电工程学院云南昆明650201 云南省作物生产与智慧农业重点实验室云南昆明650201

针对复杂环境下目前现有的玉米病虫害检测方法的精度不理想、模型复杂、难以在移动端部署等问题,本研究提出了基于轻量化改进型YOLOv5s的玉米病虫害检测方法。首先,采用轻量级网络GhostNet替换原始YOLOv5s模型中特征提取网络和特征融合... 详细信息

针对复杂环境下目前现有的玉米病虫害检测方法的精度不理想、模型复杂、难以在移动端部署等问题,本研究提出了基于轻量化改进型YOLOv5s的玉米病虫害检测方法。首先,采用轻量级网络GhostNet替换原始YOLOv5s模型中特征提取网络和特征融合网络的卷积层,降低模型的计算量和参数量,提高运行速度,以满足移动端的部署要求;其次,为弥补GhostNet所带来的检测精度下降缺陷,在模型的主干特征提取网络中引入注意力机制,更加全面地评估特征权值,以增强玉米病虫害的特征,减弱无关信息的干扰,提升检测性能;最后,将模型的损失函数由CIOU替换为EIOU,以增强模型对目标的精确定位能力,从而提升模型的收敛速度和回归精度。试验结果表明,改进模型相比原始YOLOv5s模型在对供试玉米病虫害检测中,P、R和mAP分别提高了1.9个百分点、2.2个百分点和2.0个百分点,分别达到了94.6%、80.2%和88.8%;在保持较高检测精度的同时,模型的计算量、参数量和模型大小分别减少了50.6%、52.9%和50.4%,解决了检测模型在移动端的部署问题。

关键词：玉米病虫害检测模型 YOLOv5s 轻量化

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丽江橐吾全草甲醇提取物的倍半萜类化学成分

植物资源与环境学报 2024年第3期33卷 107-112页

作者：马跃戴伟锋袁承张敉昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院云南昆明650500

综合利用多种色谱、波谱和质谱技术从菊科(Asteraceae)橐吾属(Ligularia Cass.)植物丽江橐吾(*** Hand.-Mazz.)全草甲醇提取物的石油醚部分分离和鉴定出13个艾里莫芬烷型倍半萜,分别为ligularilactone A(1)、6β-hydroxy-8β-methoxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8α-olide(2)、8β-hydroxyeremophil-7(11)-ene-12,8α(4β,6α)-diolide(3)、8-oxo-eremophil-6-en-11-one(4)、eremophil-7(11),8(9)-dien-12,8(14β,6α)-diolide(5)、8β-methoxyeremophil-7(11)-ene-12,8α(4β,6α)-diolide(6)、6β-hydroxyl-7(11)-eremophilen-12,8α-olide(7)、eremophil-8(9)-,7(11)-dien-6α,15;8,12-diolide(8)、6β,8β-dihydroxyeremophi-7(11)-en-12,8α-olide(9)、eremophil-7(11)-ene-12,8α;14β,6α-diolide(10)、2-naphthaleneacetic acid,3,4,4α,5,6,7,8,8α-octahydro-α,8,8α-trimethyl-3-oxo-,methyl ester(11)、(1αR,3αR,7 S,7αR,7βS)-1α-acetyl-7,7α-dimethyloctahydronaphtho[1,2-β]oxiren-2(1αH)-one(12)和6β-hydroxy-8β-methoxyeremophil-7(11)-12,8α-olide(13)。其中,化合物1为新的艾里莫芬烷型倍半萜,化合物2至化合物13则均首次从丽江橐吾中分离得到。

关键词：丽江橐吾倍半萜类分离鉴定

Group-wise co-salient object detection via multi-view self-labeling novel class discovery

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 259-261页

作者： Yang WU Gang DONG lingyan LIANG Yaqian ZHAO Kaihua zhang Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

1 Introduction Co-salient object detection(CoSOD)aims to extract the salient object(s)that are common across a group of relevant images[1].Group-wise clue plays a crucial role in accurately predicting the co-salient ***,numerous groupwise deep models have been proposed by exploring consistency across images in unsupervised clustering manners[2-4]or the semantic connections guidance information[5].

关键词： consistency Group semantic

LaMnO_(3)/Co_(3)O_(4) nanocomposite for enhanced triethylamine sensing properties

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 733-742页

作者： Jian zhang Yanping Chen ling Li Xue Chen Wenya An Xiujuan Qian Yuye Tao School of Science Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan250100China

LaMnO_(3) modified Co_(3)O_(4) nanocomposites were prepared by simple hydrothermal method co mbined with sol-gel *** gas sensitivity properties of pure Co_(3)O_(4) and LaMnO_(3)/Co_(3)O_(4) with different composite proportions are *** is found that 0.6-LMO/Co_(3)O_(4) sensor has higher sensitivity to triethylamine(TEA)than pure Co_(3)O_(4) sensor,which is improved by 9.27 *** the working temperature is reduced from 150 to 130℃.Besides,it has excellent gas selectivity and *** improvement of the gas sensitivity of LaMnO_(3)/Co_(3)O_(4) sensor may be due to the fact that LaMnO_(3) is an effective catalyst,and the catalytic performance perhaps is beneficial to improving the sensing *** addition,the formation of p-p heterojunctions may be the key factor to improve the gas sensing *** work provides a new Co_(3)O_(4)-based gas sensing material for the detection of TEA.

关键词： Gas sensing Co_(3)O_(4) LaMnO_(3) Triethylamine Rareearths

Agricultural socialized services can facilitate the rapid development of the Science and Technology Backyard

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 210-212页

作者： Tianzuo zhang ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China Beijing 100125China

In agriculture, as in the industrial sector, internal labor division and specialization is a process of gradual differentiation and refinement. With the continuous development of agricultural production and services industries, agricultural production processes that were originally done independently by one household, such as ploughing, sowing, harvesting and other pre-production, mid-production or post-production processes,have been gradually separated and provided by professional socialized services organizations, gradually forming the agricultural service industry.

关键词： services Agricultural harvesting

Cu single atoms embedded on hollow g-C_(3)N_(4)nanospheres with enhanced charge transfer and separation for efficient photocatalysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 455-459页

作者： linlin zhang Jianjun Liao Yakun Li Wei Sun Chengjun Ge Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province School of Ecology and EnvironmentHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Shandong Ocean Chemical Industry Scientific Research Institute Weifang 262737China

Establishing an effective charge transfer mechanism in carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))to enhance its photocatalytic activity remains a limiting ***,the combination design of a single Cu atom with hollow g-C_(3)N_(4)nanospheres(Cu-N_(3)structure)has been proven to offer significant opportunities for this crucial ***,this structure endows two pathways for charge transfer in the reaction,namely,the N atoms in the three-dimensional planar structure are only bonded with a single Cu atom,and charge transfer occurs between the plane and the layered structure due to the bending of the interlayered g-C_(3)N_(4)hollow ***,Cu-N_(3)and hollow nanosphere structures have been certified to greatly enhance the efficiency of photogenerated carrier separation and transfer between the layers and planes by ultrafast spectral *** a result,this catalyst possesses unparalleled photocatalytic ***,the hydrogen production rate up to 2040μmol h^(−1) g^(−1),which is 51 times that of pure C_(3)N_(4)under visible light *** photocatalytic degradation performance of tetracycline and oxidation performance of benzene is also expressed,with a degradation rate of 100%,a conversion of 97.3%and a selectivity of 99.9%.This work focuses on the structure-activity relationship to provide the possibilities for the development of potential photocatalytic materials.

关键词： g-C_(3)N_(4) Cu single atom Hollow nanospheres Charge transfer pathways Photocatalytic hydrogen production

Surface reconstruction enabled o-PdTe@Pd core-shell electrocatalyst for efficient oxygen reduction reaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 314-318页

作者： min Song Qian zhang Tao Shen Guanyu Luo Deli Wang Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan 430074China

Palladium-based alloy catalysts have been employed as one of the potential candidates for oxygen reduc-tion reaction(ORR),but the dissolution of transition metal hinders their ***,structure or-dered PdTe intermetallic with Pd shell(o-PdTe@Pd)are synthesized via an electrochemical etching driven surface reconstruction *** surface reconstruction could tune the electronic structure,weaken the adsorption energy of reaction intermediates on o-PdTe@Pd,resulting in enhanced electrocatalytic ac-tivity for *** mass activity of o-PdTe@Pd is about 3.3 and 2.7 times higher than that of Pd/C in acid and alkaline,***,the half-potentials for ORR decay only about 44 mV and 12 mV after 30 k cycles accelerated durability test in acid and alkaline media,*** enhanced dura-bility originates from the resistance of Te atoms dissolve in the ordered PdTe intermetallic core and the core-shell *** assembled in a Zn-air battery,o-PdTe@Pd electrode delivers a higher specific capacity(794 mAh/g)and better cycling stability than Pt/C.

关键词： Surface reconstruction Core-shell structure Intermetallic Oxygen reduction reaction Tellurium

CAV driving safety monitoring and warning via V2X-based edge computing system

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 107-127页

作者： Cheng CHANG Jiawei zhang Kunpeng zhang Yichen ZHENG Mengkai SHI Jianming HU Shen LI Li LI Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Electrical Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Nebula link Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Driving safety and accident prevention are attracting increasing global *** safety monitoring systems often face challenges such as limited spatiotemporal coverage and accuracy,leading to delays in alerting drivers about potential *** study explores the use of edge computing for monitoring vehicle motion and issuing accident warnings,such as lane departures and vehicle *** traditional systems that depend on data from single vehicles,the cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system collects data directly from connected and automated vehicles(CAVs)via vehicle-to-everything *** approach facilitates a comprehensive assessment of each vehicle’s *** propose algorithms and specific data structures for evaluating accident risks associated with different ***,we examine the prerequisites for data accuracy and transmission delay to enhance the safety of CAV *** efficacy of this framework is validated through both simulated and real-world road tests,proving its utility in diverse driving conditions.

关键词： driving safety accident prevention connected and automated vehicles edge computing

中药通过mTOR信号通路调节线粒体自噬与凋亡治疗慢性肾脏病研究进展

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中药药理与临床 2024年第3期40卷 124-128,28页

作者：陈旭米娜王希茜张琳琪河南中医药大学郑州450046 河南中医药大学第一附属医院肾脏病诊疗中心郑州450046

慢性肾脏病是多种病理因素在数月或数年内引起的肾脏功能和结构的不可逆损伤,目前尚无特效药。mTOR信号通路是细胞内合成与分解代谢的枢轴,参与调节细胞自噬与凋亡,对肾脏细胞的稳态及能量代谢过程至关重要。目前许多以调控mTOR信号途... 详细信息

慢性肾脏病是多种病理因素在数月或数年内引起的肾脏功能和结构的不可逆损伤,目前尚无特效药。mTOR信号通路是细胞内合成与分解代谢的枢轴,参与调节细胞自噬与凋亡,对肾脏细胞的稳态及能量代谢过程至关重要。目前许多以调控mTOR信号途径为目标的科学研究正在从分子生物学角度阐释多种慢性病的机制。大量临床研究表明中药治疗慢性肾脏病效果显著,且中药对mTOR信号途径及其下游的线粒体自噬与凋亡具有调控作用,而自噬-凋亡平衡体现出的“以平为期”与中医“和”思想相应。本文以此为切入点,对现有中药复方、单味药及提取物通过mTOR调节线粒体自噬与凋亡防治慢性肾脏病的研究进行综述,旨在为mTOR信号通路能否作为中药发挥作用的靶点提供理论依据。

关键词：中药慢性肾脏病雷帕霉素信号通路线粒体自噬凋亡