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Does a population-based multi-factorial lifestyle intervention increase social inequality in smoking? The Inter99 study

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第3期2卷 394-402页

作者： Charlotta Pisinger mette Aadahl Ulla Toft Anne Helms Andreasen Torben Jorgensen Faculty of Health Science Copenhagen University Copenhagen Denmark Research Centre for Prevention and Health Glostrup University Hospital The Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark

Introduction: The social inequality in smoking in the Western countries has been increasing. It has been suggested that the most important strategy to reduce health inequalities related to socio economic status (SEP) is to promote smoking cessation in persons with low SEP. One could fear that a smoking cessation intervention might benefit smokers with high SEP more, and thereby increase the social inequality in smoking. We wanted to investigate whether the effect differed across SEP. Methods: The study was an individual multi-factorial lifestyle intervention study with a control group, Inter99 (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark. We included 1991 daily-smokers with self-reported information on education in the intervention group, and 1135 in the control group. Smokers in the intervention group were repeatedly offered individual life-style-counselling and group-based smoking cessation. We used generalised linear mixed models under the assumption of missing at random, including interaction term between intervention effect and SEP. Results: The gap in self-reported abstinence rates increased over time between persons with high and low education. Probability of abstinence was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group, at all follow-up-visits but the effect of the intervention changed over time. The differences in quit-rates across educational groups were not significantly different in the intervention than in the control group at any time. Conclusion: In this randomised population-based intervention study we found that smokers across all educational levels benefited from the anti-smoking intervention, and that the intervention did not increase the social inequality in smoking, as one could have feared.

关键词： Smoking Cessation Smoking Socioeconomic Factors Intervention Studies Inter99 Study

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Human-driven topographic effects on the distribution of forest in a flat, lowland agricultural region

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2014年第1期24卷 76-92页

作者： mette V. ODGAARD Peder K. BOCHER Tommy DALGAARD Jesper E. MOESLUND Jens-Christian SVENNING Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Blichers AIIe 20 DK-8830 Tjele Denmark Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity Group Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Ny Munkegade 114DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Department of Computer Science Aarhus University Abogade 34 DK-8200 Aarhus N Denmark

Complex topography buffers forests against deforestation in mountainous regions. However, it is unknown if terrain also shapes forest distribution in lowlands where human impacts are likely to be less constrained by terrain. In such regions, if important at all, to- pographic effects will depend on cultural-historical factors and thus be human-driven （an- thropogenic） rather than natural, except in regions where the general climate or extreme soils limit the occurrence of forests. We used spatial regression modeling to assess the extent to which topographic factors explain forest distribution （presence-absence at a 48x48 m resolu- tion） in a lowland agricultural region （Denmark, 43,075 km2） at regional and landscape scales （whole study area and 10x10 km grid cells, respectively）, how landscape-scale for- est-topography relationships vary geographically, and which potential drivers （topographic heterogeneity, forest cover, clay content, coastal/inland location） determine this geographic heterogeneity. Given a moist temperate climate and non-extreme soils all landscapes in Denmark would naturally be largely forest covered, and any topographic relationships will be totally or primarily human-driven. At regional scale, topographic predictors explained only 5% of the distribution of forest. In contrast, the explanatory power of topography varied from 0%-61% at landscape scale, with clear geographic patterning. Explanatory power of topog- raphy at landscape scale was moderately dependent on the potential drivers, with topog- raphic control being strongest in areas with high topographic heterogeneity and little forest cover. However, these conditioning effects were themselves geographically variable. Our findings show that topography by shaping human land-use can affect forest distribution even in flat, lowland regions, but especially via localized, geographically variable effects.

关键词： Europe forest cover geographically weighted regression human impact landscape development topography vegetation distribution.

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The effect of sustained, long-term changes in alcohol intake on cardiovascular risk

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第4期2卷 444-451页

作者： Ulla Toft Charlotta Pisinger mette Aadahl Allan Linneberg Cathrine Lau Torben Jorgensen Research Centre for Prevention and Health GlostrupDenmark Steno Diabetes Center GentofteDenmark

Objective: To investigate whether sustained long-term changes in alcohol intake are predictive of cardiovascular risk. Methods: The study population was a subpopulation of the five-year intervention study, Inter99 study, (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark (n = 2117;30 - 60 years). Alcohol intake was assessed by questionnaires at baseline, one-, three- and five-year follow-up. The associations between sustained long-term changes in alcohol intake and cardiovascular risk factors (HDL and non-HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP);the absolute risk of ischemic heart disease (CRS)) at five-year follow-up were explored by linear regression models. The alcohol variables were tested for linear association with the response variable. Results: Sustained increased alcohol intake was significantly associated with increased CRS (β = 0.0028;P = 0.006) and a decreased HDL cholesterol (β = -0.0028;P = 0.005). Among participants with a moderate overall alcohol in-take at baseline increased alcohol intake was significantly associated with an increased plasma triglyceride (β = 0.0069;P = 0.04). No association with triglyceride was found for participants with a high alcohol intake. Change in wine intake was significantly negatively associated with changes in diastolic BP (β = 0.0015;P = 0.02). Conclusions: Sustained increase in the long-term intake of alcohol was a significant risk factor for an increased CRS, increased triglyceride level and decreased HDL cholesterol. Increased wine intake was associated with decreased diastolic BP.

关键词： Alcohol Consumption Cardiovascular Disease Intervention Studies

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创建你的领导模式杰出的领导者应该掌握“人际交点”的艺术

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经理人 2011年第12期 58-59页

作者： mette Norgaard

在你与他人发生的无数次联系中，每一次都有可能将你带入自己人生的高潮或者低谷，每一次都有可能成为对种种事件主动施加影响的宝贵契机，每一次都有可能把那些平淡无奇的时刻转变为不同凡响的“人际交点”。

关键词：领导模式交点人际领导者艺术人生

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Self-reported ischemic heart disease: Prevalence, sociodemographics, health behavior, health-care utilization, and quality of life

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第2期2卷 240-248页

作者： Shan Alphin mette Kjoller Michael Davidsen Nina Konstantin Nissen Ann-Dorthe Olsen Zwisler National Institute of Public Health University of Southern DenmarkCopenhagenDenmark Institute of Food and Resource Economics Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of Cardiology Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark

The aim of this study was to present the prevalence of self-reported Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) based on a national population-based survey and to characterize people with self-reported IHD with respect to health behavior, risk factors, health-care services utilization and health-related HRQoL;further to compare people with self-reported IHD to those with other chronic illness and people without chronic illness. Based on the Danish Health Interview Survey 2005 (SUSY), a sample of 10,983 persons aged 35 years or older was examined. Data was collected through personal interviews (response rate = 66.7%) and self-administered questionnaires (51.5%). The sample was divided into three mutual exclusive groups: IHD;other chronic illnesses;and no chronic illness. The prevalence of IHD was 5.6% (5.2 - 6.0). The disease was more common in men than women, and the average age was 67.5 years. People with self-reported IHD were characterized as having poorer health behaviors;more risk factors: 40% smokers, 21% sedentary lifestyle, 26% obese;higher utilization of the health-care services;and poorer HRQoL. When compared to people with other chronic diseases, people with IHD continued to show the same characteristics. The IHD group had more problems affecting their daily lives than the other two groups. The issues that affected the people with IHD have also been shown to increase the load on the health-care system. Therefore, it is important to the patients, health-care, and society that the prevalence of IHD is reduced and the burden of disease is made a priority.

关键词： Ischemic Heart Disease Lifestyle Health-Care Utilization Risk Factors Health-Related Quality of Life SF-36

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腐生真菌Mucor indicus发酵生产酒精性能的初步研究

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酿酒科技 2007年第6期 38-40,44页

作者：金花 mette H.T. Jasper N J. 张强吉林省轻工业设计研究院吉林长春130021 Risoe National Laboratory Technical University of Denmark 长春理工大学生命科学技术学院吉林长春130022

对腐生真菌Mucorindicus在复杂的含碳培养基中发酵产生酒精的性能进行了研究。结果表明,在好氧和厌氧条件下,菌体生物量与温度成线性关系,随pH的升高而增加。在分别以葡萄糖、木糖、葡萄糖和木糖为不同碳源的发酵中,酒精转化率分别为0.4... 详细信息

对腐生真菌Mucorindicus在复杂的含碳培养基中发酵产生酒精的性能进行了研究。结果表明,在好氧和厌氧条件下,菌体生物量与温度成线性关系,随pH的升高而增加。在分别以葡萄糖、木糖、葡萄糖和木糖为不同碳源的发酵中,酒精转化率分别为0.44g/g、0.18g/g和0.46g/g,该菌株显示出了较好的同时代谢六碳糖和五碳糖的能力。

关键词：微生物腐生真菌燃料酒精六碳糖五碳糖生物量

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Replication of Prostate Cancer Risk Variants in a Danish Case-Control Association Study

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Open Journal of Urology 2012年第2期2卷 45-54页

作者： Diem Nguyen Bentzon mette Nyegaard Anders Borglum Torben Orntoft Michael Borre Karina Dalsgaard Sorensen Department of Urology Aarhus University Hospital SkejbyAarhusDenmark Department of Human Genetics Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Molecular Medicine Aarhus University Hospital SkejbyAarhusDenmark

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the main causes for cancer morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Recently, several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with prostate cancer have been identified in genome-wide association studies and multiple variant models have been developed to predict prostate cancer risk. The association between genetic markers and clinico-pathological tumor variables has, however, been inconsistent. Methods and Materials: A total of 32 previously identified prostate cancer-associated risk SNPs were genotyped in 648 prostate cancer cases and 526 age-matched controls. Family history was obtained by questionnaire. Age at diagnosis, clinical tumor variables including pre- and postoperative PSA, Gleason score, and T stage were obtained from prospectively collected clinical data (Aarhus Prostate Cancer Study). The SNPs were genotyped using Sequenom and Taqman assays and associations between SNPs, prostate cancer risk, and clinico-pathological variables were assessed. Results: Seventeen SNPs were successfully replicated in our case-control study and the association estimates were consistent with previous reports. Four markers were excluded from further analysis due to linkage disequilibrium. The cumulative effect of having the disease-associated genotype at five SNPs (rs4430796, rs6983267, rs1859962, rs1447295 and rs16901979) increased the prostate cancer risk with odds ratio 6.02 (95% CI: 2.21 - 16.38;P = 1.0 × 10–4) in patients with any combination of ≥4 markers compared with patients without any of the five SNPs (P for trend = 1.0 × 10–4). Six markers were significantly associated with clinico-pathological variables: SNP rs2735839 (GG) at locus 19q13, which is in the KLK3 gene encoding PSA, was associated with high preoperative PSA (P = 0.04), low Gleason score (P = 0.01) and low T stage (P = 0.02). Variants rs5759167 (GG/GT) (22q13) and rs7679673 (CC/CA) (4q24) were correlated with low risk for biochemical relapse (P = 0.

关键词： SNP Family History Cumulative Effect Biochemical Relapse Prostate Cancer Risk

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新丹麦电影中的关键概念:“小国”和“全球化”

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北京电影学院学报 2023年第3期 103-110页

作者： (丹麦)梅特·约特穆雨(译) 英国林肯大学安徽艺术学院传媒学院

《小国家,全球电影》密切关注所谓的新丹麦电影,以了解特权小国背景下各种全球化态势。该讨论建立在早期笔者对当代丹麦电影的一些分析基础之上,其中一些论点和关键术语值得在此简要提及。在电影文化领域,正如笔者在其他地方论证的那样... 详细信息

《小国家,全球电影》密切关注所谓的新丹麦电影,以了解特权小国背景下各种全球化态势。该讨论建立在早期笔者对当代丹麦电影的一些分析基础之上,其中一些论点和关键术语值得在此简要提及。在电影文化领域,正如笔者在其他地方论证的那样,小国地位通常与“小国电影”的生产有关。在文化研究中,“小国”一词与吉尔·德勒兹(Gilles Deleuze)和费利克斯·瓜塔利(Félix Guattari)关于“少数文学”中富有洞察力的工作有关,这一概念立足于他们对弗朗茨·卡夫卡(Franz Kafka)著作的理解.

关键词：丹麦电影关键术语弗朗茨卡夫卡关键概念全球化吉尔·德勒兹小国

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跨越国界:丹麦“特色”电影培训、能力建设与人才扶持的跨国实践

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当代电影 2017年第2期 80-88页

作者：梅特.约特王馨莹丹麦哥本哈根大学媒介认知与传播系上海大学上海电影学院 2016级硕士研究生200444

在北欧地区,有着悠久历史的、以实践为导向的电影教育制度建设对于电影和电影文化提供了广泛而持续的支持。以丹麦为例,创建于1966年的丹麦国家电影学院（National Film School of Denmark）即体现了这种支持。作为一所精英化的公立艺... 详细信息

在北欧地区,有着悠久历史的、以实践为导向的电影教育制度建设对于电影和电影文化提供了广泛而持续的支持。以丹麦为例,创建于1966年的丹麦国家电影学院（National Film School of Denmark）即体现了这种支持。作为一所精英化的公立艺术院校,丹麦国家电影学院对20世纪90年代末“新丹麦电影”的出现做出了突出贡献,并由此在全球享有盛誉（Philipsen 2004;Hjort 2007）。

关键词：合拍片剧本创作国际电影节北欧地区影片拍摄电视制作艺术院校国族影片制作影像表达

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影响针叶林树冠密度和颜色的自然因素的专门研究:对森林衰退监测的意义

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人类环境杂志 1994年第4期23卷 251-254页

作者： mette Goul Thomsen Christian Nellemann 杨修挪威森林研究院

本篇论文报道了挪威针叶树树冠密度与自然因素之间的联系。这项研究的结果结合监测潜在由空气污染物引起的森林衰退问题进行了讨论。挪威云杉(Picea abies)树冠密度方差的43%是由生产力等级、树龄和4月及7月份的平均温度引起的;对于冠色... 详细信息

本篇论文报道了挪威针叶树树冠密度与自然因素之间的联系。这项研究的结果结合监测潜在由空气污染物引起的森林衰退问题进行了讨论。挪威云杉(Picea abies)树冠密度方差的43%是由生产力等级、树龄和4月及7月份的平均温度引起的;对于冠色,其方差的11%是由生产力等级、树龄和样地坡向引起的。松树的冠色和树冠密度的变异小,所以结果比较分散。我们用这些观测资料对样地分层,发现在污染最严重的地区,树冠密度相对低的样地出现次数较高。由于样本数量太少,以致于不能说明真实的区域格局。为了避免把空气污染物与自然因子混淆,需要预先对样地进行分层,特别是要按照树龄和气候进行分层。这样,通过对每层内相对最差的森林空间分布的调查,就可以用来识别受自然因子影响较小的情况下的格局,并且有助于识别空气污染物对森林生态系统在其他方面未被察觉的效应。

关键词：针叶林树冠密度森林衰退监测颜色

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