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Shah Latif and Shaikh Ayaz： A comparative study of the poetic thought Artist as an agent of change

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Sino-US English Teaching 2010年第8期7卷 60-64页

作者： Muhammad Qasim Bughio Shumaila memon Razia Qasim Bughio Faculty of Arts University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan Institute of English Language and Literature University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan Institute of Sindhology University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan

This paper is charismatic study of Shah Latif and Shaikh Ayaz concerning the role of the artist in society. They assumed that literature and artist bear enigmatic wallop and can bring drastic changes through the thwack of the art. Shaikh Ayaz emerged as an impressive poet about 3 centuries after Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai--the great Sindhi poet of all times. Now Shah Latif is recognized in the whole world beyond geographic and time limits, and his thought have been studied from various aspects and angles through his poetry. Similarly, Shaikh Ayaz is known not only for his thematic poetry, but also his references of countless poets; philosophers and heroes of the world have given his poetry an international look. The description of the people, land and customs of Sindh has got special room in the poetry of the 2 poets, placed quite distantly time-wise. Shaikh Ayaz has tried to carry the thought of Shah Latif in his poetry in terms of concepts, trends and needs of his own time. To study the thought of the bards, the authors have taken a fold tale ＂Sorath＂ into consideration, which they have manipulated to assert the role of the artist. Beejal, the protagonist of the poem, succeeds to get the head of the famous king Rai Dyach through the clout of his music. Shah and Ayaz have attempted to demonstrate that if artist can take the life of an emperor by employing his art, then he can perform the role of an agent as well as root out the evils prevailing in society. Through objective approach, an artist can change the shape of the universe, thus, they exalt the position of the artist and readers are compelled to meditate upon their sagacious notes.

关键词： artist role of literature uplift of society through literature

Extraction, Identification and Antioxidative Properties of the Flavonoid-Rich Fractions from Leaves and Flowers of Cassia <i>angustifolia</i>

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第8期2卷 871-878页

作者： Abdul Qayoom Laghari Shahabuddin memon Aisha Nelofar Abdul Hafeez Laghari 不详

Flavonoids identification, total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity of the extracts from the leaves as well as flowers of Cassia angustifolia were determined. Five different extraction techniques were used for the extraction of flavonoids from leaves and flowers. Total flavonoid contents (TFC) in the extracts were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry. Individual flavonoids were identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection and electrospray ioniza- tion tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS). It has been examined that aqueous ethanol (70%) fractions of C. angustifolia flowers and leaves are highly rich in flavonoids and microwave extraction is the best method for the extraction of individual flavanoid constituents (1 - 9) as well as total flavonoid contents. It was also found that compound 8 was absent in the leaves and compounds 2 and 5 could not be identified. The extracts of C. angustifolia flowers and leaves show strong antioxidant activity.

关键词： Cassia Angustifolia Flavonoids Antioxidant Activity HPLC-ESI-MS Microwave Extraction

Early postoperative feeding in resectional gastrointestinal surgical cancer patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2010年第4期2卷 187-191页

作者： Emma J Osland Muhammed Ashraf memon Department of Surgery and Nutrition Ipswich HospitalIpswichQueensland 4305Australia Department of Mathematics and Computing Australian Centre for Sustainable CatchmentsUniversity of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQueensland 4305Australia Department of Surgery University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4305Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQueensland 4305Australia School of Health and Social Sciences University of BoltonBoltonLancashire BL3 5ABUnited Kingdom

Malnutrition is present in the majority of patients presenting for surgical management of gastrointestinal malignancies,due to the effects of the tumour and preoperative anti-neoplastic *** traditional practice of fasting patients until the resumption of bowel function threatens to further contribute to the malnutrition experienced by these ***,the rationale behind this traditional practice has been rendered obsolete through developments in anaesthetic agents and changes to postoperative analgesia ***,there is a growing body of literature that consistently demonstrates that providing oral or tube feeding proximal to the anastomosis within 24 h postoperatively,is not only safe,but might be associated with significant benefits to the postoperative *** post operative feeding should therefore be adopted as a standard of care in oncology patients undergoing gastrointestinal resections.

关键词： Early feeding Surgery Meta-analysis Randomised controlled trials

A Preliminary Investigation of Smart Rural Water Distribution Systems in the Gambia

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2018年第4期10卷 395-407页

作者： Will Ingram Leen Saeb Seyed Sadr Rob Hygate Fayyaz Ali memon Centre for Water Systems University of Exeter Exeter UK eWATERpay Newbury UK

An estimated one-third of water points in rural sub-Saharan Africa are non-functioning at any one time because of lack of upkeep. Communities are left without access to clean drinking water and this has multiple knock-on developmental impacts. An innovative pre-payment and Internet-of-Things enabled “e-Tap” based water technology and management system cycles revenue back into operation and maintenance and collects accurate and real-time data on consumption and tap failures. This has been operational in the Gambia since April 2016. Preliminary research has begun on evaluating this innovation. Technical tests were conducted to examine the efficiency of the e-Tap under varying conditions. Water use trends were then analysed by using the cloud-collected data transmitted from operational e-Taps. Further, baseline sveys to investigate social parameters were undertaken on 20 user households. This exploratory research shows the e-Taps to work efficiently in the laboratory and the Gambia with negligible failures, and to reduce distances users must travel for clean water and time they spend collecting.

关键词： Innovation Rural Water Supply Smart Technology The Gambia e-Tap

<i>In-Vitro</i>Comparison of Antifungal Activity of Herbs (Darehald and Pomegranate) with Azoles

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第9期9卷 703-715页

作者： Rabeea Rizwan Shehla Shaheen Zahida memon Faisal Afridi Mubarak Zaib Department of Pharmacology Ziauddin Medical College Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi Pakistan

Aim: Candida, an opportunistic organism is one of the commonest causes of hospital acquired infections among fungi. Currently available antifungal drugs have numerous adverse effects and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) along with increase in resistance over the time. Therefore, it is highly emergent to consider alternative treatments for candidal infections, having fewer adverse effects and is cost-effective. The current in-vitro study is undertaken to assess and compare the antifungal effects of the herbs, Berberis aristata (B. aristata, Darehald/Darhald) and Punica granatum (P. granatum, Pomegranate) with fluconazole and voriconazole, based on culture and sensitivity of candidal isolates. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extracts of herbs (Berberis aristata and Punica granatum) and concentrations were formulated as per standard procedure. 130 samples were obtained for the study from in and out patients reported in clinical subsets of Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi from March to May, 2018. Samples were collected and grown according to the standard procedures like, wet mount test and gram’s staining. Species were identified by CHROM agar candida and API 20 C AUX methods. Sensitivity tests were performed by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method according to CLSI guide lines M-44 A2, 2009. Data analysis was done by one-way ANOVA to compare the antifungal activities of drugs and herbs. Results: Mean inhibitory zones of herbs, B. aristata and P. granatum were highly significant against clinical candidal isolates with respective p-values of 0.00 and 0.02. Both of the herbs, B. aristata and P. granatum were found to be more sensitive, 98.5% and 97.7% respectively in comparison to fluconazole showing 42.3% and voriconazole showing 29.2% sensitivity against candidal isolates. The most resistant candidal specie was C. tropicalis that showed resistance against both fluconazole and voriconazole, contrary to that, this specie was highly sensitive to both of the herbs, showing sensitivi

关键词： Candida Fungi Azoles Antifungal Sensitivity Antifungals Berberis aristata Punica granatum Pomegranate Darhald Darehald

Are we jumping the gun with pharmaconutrition(immunonutrition) in gastrointestinal onoclogical surgery?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2011年第9期3卷 128-130页

作者： Emma Jane Osland Muhammed Ashraf memon Department of Nutrition Ipswich Hospital Department of Surgery University of Queensland Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Faculty of Health and Social Sciences University of BoltonBoltonLancashire

Over the last 20 years there has been considerable research into the use of immunonutrition,also referred to as pharmaconutrition,in the management of patients undergoing and recovering from elective gastrointestinal surgery for *** this group of patients,the use of pharmaconutrition seems to confer superior outcomes to standard nutrition formulations with regards to postoperative infective complications and length of hospital *** is therefore frequently recommended for use in elective gastrointestinal oncological surgical ***,it remains unclear whether the data supporting these recommendation is *** reporting improved outcomes with pharmaconutrition frequently compare this intervention with non-equivalent control groups,do not report on the actual nutritional provision received by study participants,overlook the potential impact of industry funding on the conduct of research and do not adopt amulti-disciplinary approach to the research *** these reasons,an urgent critical re-appraisal of the use and recommendations of pharmaconutrition in this group of patients is warranted to resolve some of the above mentioned issues.

关键词： Pharmaconutrition Immunonutrition Arginine Gastrointestinal malignancy Elective surgery

晚期视网膜母细胞瘤53例的临床挑战(英文)

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国际眼科杂志 2009年第2期9卷 227-230页

作者： Partab Rai Imtiaz Ali Shah Ashok kumar Narsani Mahesh Kumar Lohana Muhammad Khan memon Manzoor Ahmed memon Chandka医学院附属医院眼科巴基斯坦Larkana Liaquat大学眼科医院眼科巴基斯坦海德拉巴 Liaquat大学眼科医院诊断研究实验室巴基斯坦海德拉巴 Kalsoom Bai Valieka医院眼科巴基斯坦卡拉奇 Liaquat大学医学及健康科学院病理科巴基斯坦Jamshoro

目的:评价肿瘤的位置、大小、组织学以及复发率。方法:前瞻性研究Larkana的Chandka医学院附属医院眼科的53例组织学诊断为视网膜母细胞瘤患者,肿瘤侵及眼球、眼眶、颅内以及其他组织。为研究肿瘤广泛性,检查包括:眼眶X线片,眼球B超,眼... 详细信息

目的:评价肿瘤的位置、大小、组织学以及复发率。方法:前瞻性研究Larkana的Chandka医学院附属医院眼科的53例组织学诊断为视网膜母细胞瘤患者,肿瘤侵及眼球、眼眶、颅内以及其他组织。为研究肿瘤广泛性,检查包括:眼眶X线片,眼球B超,眼眶及头颅CT扫描/MRI,全骨扫描,胸部前后位X线片,腹部B超,腰椎穿刺,全血细胞计数,包括肝肾功能检查的血生化,根据肿瘤的位置、大小、复发及转移选择包括手术、局部放疗、系统化疗的治疗方案。有局部和系统转移的患者,由Larkana的核医学和放疗机构的肿瘤专家进行局部放疗和系统化疗。术后1,3,6,12mo复查随访,随后5a及5a以上,1a复查一次。评估肿瘤的位置、大小、组织类型和复发率。结果:患者53例,年龄8mo^8岁。男25例(47%),女28例(53%)。肿瘤的眼别,左眼25例(47%),右眼19例(36%),双眼9例(17%)。患者的首发症状,斜视3例(6%),假性眼内炎4例(8%),眼眶炎性假瘤6例(11%),转移性包块7例(13%),蕈样生长的包块8例(15%),白瞳征12例(23%),眼眶浸润13例(25%)。行单纯眼球摘除术19例(36%),行眼球摘除及改良型眶内容物剜除术并局部放疗和系统化疗19例(36%),行眼球摘除及完全型眶内容物剜除术并局部放疗和系统化疗15例(28%)。肿瘤的组织类型,含大量染色质的高分化视网膜母细胞瘤25例(47%),高度未分化视网膜母细胞瘤28例(53%)。首次手术后,由于手术切除点以上视神经受累,眼眶浸润和系统转移,发生复发和转移37例(70%)。结论:儿童红眼或白瞳征在确诊之前应怀疑视网膜母细胞瘤,应该及时经眼科专家检查,因为患者在肿瘤初期的早期表现提示会降低肿瘤的扩散、复发和死亡率。

关键词：晚期症状视网膜母细胞瘤挑战

Efficacy of Watercourse Lining in Sindh —A Review Study in Relation with Kohistan Region

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第9期9卷 1215-1227页

作者： Asadullah Soomro Abdul Latif Qureshi Nisar Ahmed memon Zia uddin Abro US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water (USPCAS-W) Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET) Jamshoro Pakistan Water Sector Improvement Program Sindh Karachi Pakistan

The total number of watercourses in Pakistan is about 110,000 and particularly in Sindh it is about 46,699, out of which 7576 have been lined from 1977 to 1998 and from 2004 to 2015;22,479 have been lined and the remaining 16,644 still require improvement. At the current rate of progress, the lining of remaining watercourses would further take about 21 years. As designed life of the improved watercourse is about 25 years. By the time of ending of many watercourse improvement programs, there will again require the rehabilitation on many of the earlier watercourse lining schemes. Generally two types of watercourse lining are practiced in Sindh i.e. Rectangular Lined Watercourses (with single and double brick walls) and Trapezoidal Concrete Lined Watercourses. Because of efficient, effectiveness, easy maintenance and repair work, the Rectangular Lined Watercourse is more frequently practiced in Sindh. It is now suggested that: to renovate the watercourses an accelerated program should be started and the system (with the sense of terms and conditions) for renovation of watercourses program should also be changed. The research work towards different types of lining materials for watercourse should be conducted. Looking to the brief review it is suggested that a fiber glass type plastic material with semi-circular or U-shaped, pre-cast fabricated RCC Trapezoidal or Parabolic in place of brick mortar and concrete could be used for watercourse lining. This methodology, proposed to be used, will enable us to determine cost-benefit ratio, life span and such other parameters for its feasibility under variable climatic conditions of Sindh (North Sindh being dry and hot, while South Sindh semi-humid and warm).

关键词： Watercourse Lining Water Management in Pakistan

Prevalence and Sensitivity Patterns of Candidal Infections in Various Tertiary Care Health Subunits of Karachi

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第9期9卷 645-659页

作者： Rabeea Rizwan Zahida memon Shehla Shaheen Faisal Afridi Mubarak Zaib Department of Pharmacology Ziauddin Medical College Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi Pakistan

Mostly candida resides as an opportunistic organism on epithelial surfaces of human being. However, under auspicious conditions can cause infections including serious life threatening invasive candidiasis with subsequent mortality particularly in immune deficit and hospitalized patients having co-morbids. Limited data are published on the prevalence of candidiasis, based on the researches conducted at few tertiary care settings which are not representing the overall disease burden in our country, Pakistan. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the frequency and sensitivity patterns of candidiasis in our community. Methods: Out of total 1020 specimens, 130 clinical samples were identified as candidal positive, obtained from March to May 2018. These samples were isolated from vagina, oropharynx, urine, tracheal aspirates, pus, blood, tips of the intubations, wounds and fluids of the body cavities. Identification of candida, its species and antifungal sensitivity screening was done by Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method according to CLSI guide lines’ (M - 44 A2 series, 2009). Results: A significant majority, 80 (61.5%) of candidal strains were isolated from females with female to male ratio 8:5 and most of these isolates were obtained from high vaginal swabs (43.75%). Four candidal species (Candida albicans 80%, Candida tropicalis 10%, Candida glabrata 9.2% and Candida ciferrii 0.8%) were isolated from all positive specimens. Maximum number of the positive samples 52 (40%) were obtained from ICU patients. Sensitivity test of candidal positive samples revealed that commonly used azole antifungal drugs, fluconazole and voriconazole were highly resistant, with respective 57.7% and 70.8% resistance. Conclusion: Candidiasis is highly prevalent in our clinical set up and more frequently infecting females in comparison to males as most of the positive isolates were retrieved from HVS (high vaginal swabs). Still, C. albicans was found to be the most prevalent specie

关键词： Candida Candidiasis Antifungal Drugs Fluconazole Voriconazole C. albicans Candidal Infection Sensitivity Resistance