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Acute pancreatitis and COVID-19:A literature review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第6期13卷 574-584页

作者： Tiago Correia de Sá Carlos soares Mónica Rocha Department of General Surgery Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e SousaPenafiel 4564-007Portugal

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is responsible for the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and has caused more than 80 million infections and 1.7 million deaths *** it is primarily a respiratory virus,SARS-CoV-2 also has extra-pulmonary *** injury and cases of acute pancreatitis(AP)have been recognized and attributed to SARS-CoV-2,but the mechanisms of pancreatic injury are still a subject of *** is also controversy on whether SARS-CoV-2 can cause AP or if it is an *** To review and to explore the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and AP,and to provide an overview of the existing literature on possible mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-induced pancreatic *** A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines for papers on SARS-CoV-2 infection and AP.A narrative review on possible mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-induced pancreatic lesion was also *** A literature review revealed a growing body of evidence on SARS-CoV-2-induced pancreatic lesions including the mechanisms of direct virus-mediated injury,systemic inflammatory response and circulating pro-inflammatory interleukins,virus-induced lipotoxicity,and drug-induced injury.A systematic review of the literature revealed 22 cases of AP in COVID-19 ***,limitations of the reported cases make it difficult to establish a causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and *** of the studies agreed on special monitoring and surveillance of this subset of patients due to the still unknown clinical progression,therapeutic implications,and *** AP should be considered in COVID-19 patients,especially in those exhibiting abdominal pain and systematic,and complete reporting of these cases should be general ***,there is still insufficient evidence showing that COVID-19 can cause AP or negatively impact *** studies are ne

关键词： Pancreatitis Pancreas COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2

Inosine: a novel treatment for sciatic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 127-128页

作者： Fellipe soares dos Santos Cardoso Ana Maria Blanco Martinez Fernanda Martins de Almeida Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo–Departamento de Anatomia Patológica–Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho HUCFF/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas–ICB/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil

Trauma to the peripheral nervous system often results in loss of motor and sensory functions of the affected area of the body,leading to a series of functional impairments(Allodi et al.,2012).Injuries to peripheral nerves initiate a series of complex events,known as Wallerian degeneration,which allows the injured axons to regenerate and reinnervate their targets(Allodi et al.,2012).Damage to a nerve induces multiple alterations,which include:axonal degeneration,breakdown of myelin sheath,Schwann cells(SC)proliferation and conversion to a repair phenotype which express cytokines and chemokines that allow the infiltration and activation of macrophages(Mietto et al.,2015;Jessen and Mirsky,2016).

关键词： al. degeneration alterations

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A grain-size correction for metal pollution indexes in river sediments

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第3期36卷 362-372页

作者： Thomas Vincent Gloaguen Paula Núbia soares Dalto Motta Carolina Fonseca Couto Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia Federal University of Minas Gerais

According to the List of Hazardous Substances of the Agency of the Toxic Substances and Disease Registry(ATSDR 2017), some metallic elements such as Pb or Cd are still considered as the most polluting elements in the world. These elements accumulate in sediments, and there are various methods available that differentiate lithogenic sources from anthropogenic sources. For that, the natural geochemical background is required, however, its definition is far from unanimous: it can be a global or local value,single or statistically estimated value, depending on the studies. Our study is focused on the Subae River in the state of Bahia, Northeastern Brazil, which was historically contaminated by lead metallurgy. The river sediments were sampled at 21 locations: one at the discharge point of the plant’s rainwater basin,ten upstream, and ten downstream. The total contents of Fe, Ti, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, particle-size distribution, and organic matter were analyzed. The conventional geochemical indexes, i.e., the pollution degree(m Cd), pollution load index, and enrichment factor indicated contamination by Zn, Pb, Cr, and ***, a new enrichment factor is introduced, assuming that the sediments come from erosion of soils in the watershed. After obtaining the natural concentrations of metals in the clay, silt, and sand fractions of uncontaminated reference soils, we corrected the pollution indexes by calculating a new individual background in each sediment sample, according to its grain size distribution. This new approach provided more precise indexes in the assessment of sediment pollution, by highlighting higher contamination of Zn and Pb(around 50%) and at the same time the absence of Cr and Cu contamination, two metals not involved with the metallurgical activity.

关键词： Enrichment factor Estimated background Particle-size distribution

New insights from low-temperature thermochronology into the tectonic and geomorphologic evolution of the south-eastern Brazilian highlands and passive margin

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第1期11卷 303-324页

作者： Gerben Van Ranst Antônio Carlos Pedrosa-soares Tiago Novo Pieter Vermeesch Johan De Grave Laboratory for Mineralogy and Petrology Department of GeologyGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S89000GhentBelgium CPMTC Institute for GeosciencesFederal University of Minas GeraisAvenida Antônio Carlos 6627CEP 31270-901Belo HorizonteBrazil Department of Earth Sciences University College London5 Gower PlaceWC1E 6BSLondonUnited Kingdom

The South Atlantic passive margin along the south-eastern Brazilian highlands exhibits a complex landscape,including a northern inselberg area and a southern elevated plateau,separated by the Doce River *** landscape is set on the Proterozoic to early Paleozoic rocks of the region that once was the hot core of the Aracuai orogen,in Ediacaran to Ordovician *** to the break-up of Gondwana and consequently the opening of the South Atlantic during the Early Cretaceous,those rocks of the Araquai orogen became the basement of a portion of the South Atlantic passive margin and related southeastern Brazilian *** goal is to provide a new set of constraints on the thermo-tectonic history of this portion of the south-eastern Brazilian margin and related surface processes,and to provide a hypothesis on the geodynamic context since *** this end,we combine the apatite fission track(AFT)and apatite(U-Th)/He(AHe)methods as input for inverse thermal history *** our AFT and AHe central ages are Late Cretaceous to early *** AFT ages vary between 62 Ma and90 Ma,with mean track lengths between 12.2μm and 13.6μ*** ages are found to be equivalent to AFT ages within uncertainty,albeit with the former exhibiting a lesser degree of *** relate this Late Cretaceous-Paleocene basement cooling to uplift with accelerated denudation at this *** variation of the denudation time can be linked to differential reactivation of the Precambrian structural network and differential erosion due to a complex interplay with the drainage *** argue that posterior large-scale sedimentation in the offshore basins may be a result of flexural isostasy combined with an expansion of the drainage *** put forward the combined compression of the Mid-Atlantic ridge and the Peruvian phase of the Andean orogeny,potentially augmented through the thermal weakening of the lower crust by the Trindade thermal anomaly,as a probable cause for th

关键词： Tectonic reactivation Differential denudation Passive margin South-eastern Brazil Apatite fission tracks Apatite(U-Th)/He

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