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Improvement of decocting method for Kampo medicines using a microwave oven to extend its applications in clinical practice

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013年第9期3卷 534-542页

作者： Yan Wang megumi Sumino Atsushi Chino Fumio Ikegami Center for Environment Health and Field Sciences Chiba University Kashiwa Japan Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan

Decoction of Kampo medicines plays an important role in clinical practice, especially in individualized treatment, while the inconvenience and a long time requirement of the decocting process are impediments to its widespread use in Japan. In this study, we improved the decocting method by using a microwave oven such as those found in most kitchens. To validate the feasibility and safety of this new method, we decocted kakkonto, which is the most widely used formula in clinical treatment in Japan, and keishikabushito, which contains toxic components using a microwave oven. Regarding the contents of 8 characteristic components in the kakkonto decoction and the contents of 6 toxic components in the keishikabushito decoction as indices, and with the extraction and detoxification effects equal to those of the conventional decocting method as targets, we optimized the decocting conditions with Response Surface Methods. With this new method, it took 35 min to obtain almost the same extraction effect for kakkonto as with the conventional decocting method, which takes 40 min;meanwhile, it took only 45 min to detoxify keishikabushito, which takes 60 min using the conventional decocting method. Decocting Kampo medicines with a microwave oven is feasible and as safe as the conventional decocting method. It is a convenient, safe, time-saving method, and may be applied widely in clinical practice. This innovation should allow more patients to benefit from decoction and the individualized treatment it offers.

关键词： Decoction of Kampo Medicines Microwave Oven Response Surface Method Optimization of Decocting Method Feasibility Safety

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Effects of Pre-Schooler Lifestyle on the Circadian Rhythm of Secretory Immunoglobulin A

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Health 2021年第2期13卷 178-187页

作者： Takaaki Miyake Yoshiharu Tanaka Haruka Kawabata Shinya Saito megumi Oda Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences Osaka Prefecture University Osaka Japan Graduate School of Health Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan

Assuming that secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) in pre-schoolers is influenced by wake-up time, bedtime, sleeping duration and activity, the current study examined the influence of basic pre-schooler lifestyle on the circadian rhythm of s-IgA. We conducted a questionnaire survey on lifestyle and measured steps, heart rate and salivary s-IgA in 44 pre-schoolers aged 4 or 5 years old. Saliva was collected over 2 days at six time points: bedtime, upon waking up, upon arriving at nursery school, before lunch, after lunch and upon going home. To obtain relatively reliable s-IgA values, the s-IgA concentration/total protein concentration ratio (referred to as s-IgA/T.P.) was calculated. Relationship between the s-IgA/T.P. and heart rate, steps, wake-up time, bedtime and sleeping duration was then examined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Accordingly, pre-schooler lifestyle had the following effect on circadian rhythm of s-IgA: 1) s-IgA/T.P. values were higher upon waking up than at other measurement time points;2) pre-schoolers with considerable physical activity had high s-IgA/T.P. at bedtime and upon waking up;and 3) pre-schoolers with long sleeping durations and early bedtime had high s-IgA/T.P. upon waking up. Thus, our results confirmed that pre-schoolers’ lifestyle habits, such as bedtime, sleeping duration, physical activity, had an effect on the circadian rhythm of s-IgA.

关键词： Pre-Schooler s-IgA Lifestyle Activity Sleep

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Coffee Modulates the Function of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2015年第4期6卷 165-174页

作者： Shota Kakio Yosuke Nakazawa megumi Funakoshi-Tago Hiroomi Tamura Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Keio University Tokyo Japan

Recent epidemiological studies showed that daily coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk for several neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease;however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the protective effect of coffee against neurological disorders have not been elucidated. As brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes neuronal survival and protects against neuronal damage, we investigated the effects of coffee on BDNF signaling using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We found that brewed coffee exerted an inhibitory effect on the autophosphorylation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), a BDNF receptor. Additionally, coffee reduced the phosphorylation of Akt in BDNF-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Treatment with coffee did not affect the TrkB receptor on the cell surface. The major constituents of coffee, such as caffeine, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and trigonelline had no effect on TrkB phosphorylation induced by BDNF. In addition, coffee reduced the BDNF-induced increase in BDNF gene expression and the neurite outgrowth promoted by BDNF. Our data suggest that the protective effect of coffee reported in epidemiological studies against neurological disorders may not be associated with BDNF signaling through TrkB.

关键词： BDNF Coffee Neuroprotection TrkB

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Experimental antithrombotic effect of potatoes harvested in the autumn

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Health 2012年第2期4卷 108-112页

作者： Junichiro Yamamoto megumi Masuda Kanae Hyodo Masahiro Iwasaki Division of Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition Kansai Electric Power Hospital Osaka Japan Laboratory of Physiology Faculty of Nutrition Kobe Gakuin University and Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan

Prevention of arterial thrombotic diseases has a high priority in developed countries. While an inappropriate diet is known to enhance the risk for acute thrombotic events, a regular diet with proven antithrombotic effects might be beneficial in the prevention of such diseases. The present study is part of a series of investigations aimed to assess the possible antithrombotic activity of various fruits and vegetables. Previously we demonstrated antithrombotic effect of specific potato varieties harvested in the spring. The present study aimed to test seven varieties of potatoes, which were harvested in the autumn. The in vitro Global Thrombosis Test (GTT) was used for selection, which was then followed by the He-Ne laser-induced in vivo thrombosis test in mice treated with potato filtrates orally. We have shown that all seven potato varieties showed some antithrombotic effect and the heat-resistant effect of four varieties was highly significant. Our present findings add further components to a diet containing fruits and vegetables with antithrombotic effect.

关键词： Cardiovascular Disease Stroke Antithrombotic Activity Global Thrombosis Test (GTT) Vegetables

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细晶陶瓷标准缺陷的激光扫描显微镜超声检测

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无损检测 1995年第2期17卷 55-60页

作者： Hitoshi Domon megumi Kobori 王红杰日本东京工程大学

用以确定细晶陶瓷缺陷尺寸的超声标准块的标准缺陷极小,其形状和表面不规则性必须精确测定。激光扫描显微镜能测量标准缺陷的深、宽和表面不规则性。试样表而无须预处理,即可观察到分辨力为0.3μm的标准缺陷三维图象。磁粉检验用的参考... 详细信息

用以确定细晶陶瓷缺陷尺寸的超声标准块的标准缺陷极小,其形状和表面不规则性必须精确测定。激光扫描显微镜能测量标准缺陷的深、宽和表面不规则性。试样表而无须预处理,即可观察到分辨力为0.3μm的标准缺陷三维图象。磁粉检验用的参考缺陷也可用此法测量。在评估确定缺陷尺寸用的标准块和参考块时,激光扫描显微镜是一种很有用的工具。

关键词：细晶陶瓷探伤超声检验激光扫描显微镜

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Depressive mood, bonding failure, and abusive parenting among mothers with three-month-old babies in a Japanese community

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2013年第3期3卷 1-7页

作者： Toshinori Kitamura Yukiko Ohashi Sachiko Kita megumi Haruna Reiko Kubo Department of Midwifery and Women’s Health University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo Japan Kumamoto Prefecture Kumamoto Japan

Objective: To investigate the relationships between depressive mood, bonding failure, and abusive parenting. Method: We distributed questionnaires to 1198 mothers attending a three-month postnatal health check-up in rural areas in Japan. The questionnaires assessed these three variables along with demographics. We evaluated the causal relationships by comparing different structural equation models to the data. Results: Although all the models fit the data well, the best Akaike Information Criterion was obtained from a model where both depressive mood and bonding failure predict abusive parenting, but depressive mood and bonding failure do not predict each other directly. The determinant coefficient of child abuse in the final model was 0.13. Discussion: We found depressive mood and bonding failure during postpartum period impacted negatively on mother’s parenting behaviour. Because only 13% of the variance of abusive parenting was explainable by this model, further study should be needed to identify other risk factors of child abuse. Similarly, midwives and public health nurse in community should pay attention to not only depression but also bonding failure to prevent child abuse.

关键词： Postnatal Depression Bonding Failure Child Abuse Mothers of Neonates Structural Equation Analysis

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Human health sciences—From cultivation to utilization of medicinal plants

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第2期2卷 214-224页

作者： Fumio Ikegami Yan Wang Maya Kaneko megumi Sumino Satoru Tsukagoshi Center for Environment Health and Field Sciences Chiba University Kashiwa Japan

The aim of this review is to recognize the ability of plants used as food and medicine for our health care. From this point of view, we have studied economical production techniques of medicinal plants and vegetables that have physiological functions such as disease prevention, health maintenance and improvement of physical function. We revealed the suitable cultivation techniques such as the long-term freezing seed storage, and systematic and efficient seedling production of Swertia japonica in the future domestication in Japan. We have also studied the development of a new and friendly product for preparing decoction of Kampo medicine (Japanese traditional medicine) to utilize medicinal plants effectively. It was possible that the decoction of some Kampo medicines in a micro-wavable container could be carried out in substitution for a common method. This study revealed that the improvement of decoction method of Kampo medicine might contribute to conserve the energic or natural resources, especially medicinal plants of crude drugs in comparison with the conventional way. Moreover, the reevaluation of some vegetables such as Japanese radish and carrot in terms of the suitability as materials for “Yakuzen”, and creating and producing of newly low potassium tomatoes for improving the quality of life (QOL) of dialysis patients and potassium restricted patients were also studied by focusing traditional and local vegetables. Some local cultivars containing stronger flavor and taste with higher amount of functional constituents are suitable for our health care than F1 (first filial generation) cultivars. Our research will give feedback each other by cross cutting way, and human health science from the cultivation to utilization of medicinal plants and vegetables will be important and needed for our healthy and comfortable life in the future.

关键词： Kampo Medicine Yakuzen Medicinal Plant Functional Vegetable Low Potassium Tomato

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Associations of Mental and Behavioral Problems among Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence Previously and Visits with Their Fathers Who Perpetrated the Violence

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第3期7卷 361-377页

作者： Sachiko Kita megumi Haruna Miku Yamaji Masayo Matsuzaki Kiyoko Kamibeppu Department of Midwifery and Women’s Health Division of Health Sciences and Nursing Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Family Nursing Division of Health Sciences and Nursing Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Background: Intimate partner violence has long-term and negative effects on the health of mothers and children worldwide. This study aimed to identify the mental and behavioral effects of past exposure to intimate partner violence among children and examine their associations with the children’s visits with their fathers who perpetrated the intimate partner violence. Methods: A cross-sectional study of women who had been abused by their intimate partners and had one or more children aged 4 - 18 years old was conducted from March 2015 to December 2016. Questionnaires were used to collect (1) demographic data about the mothers and children, (2) information about the children’s visits with the mother’s former partner (i.e., father), and (3) psychological data using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist/4 - 18. Results: The average scores and rates of internalizing, externalizing, and total problems among the children who had been exposed to intimate partner violence were: 10.8 (SD = 10.4), 26 (51.0%);9.0 (SD = 9.0), 14 (27.5%);and 26.3 (SD = 21.5), 15 (29.4%), respectively. Children’s visits with fathers who were IPV perpetrators were significantly associated with the internalizing (AOR = 12.6, β = 0.56;p β = 0.48;p Conclusion: Attention should focus on traumatized children exposed to intimate partner violence, and thorough and cautious assessments and decisions regarding visits with their fathers who are IPV perpetrators are essential to safeguard and improve their mental and behavioral health.

关键词： Child Abuse Exposure to Violence Intimate Partner Violence Mental and Behavioral Health Visitation

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Effects of Chewing Frequency on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Function

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2020年第7期10卷 287-295页

作者： Saya Natsui megumi Sato Tomomi Yokoyama Hiromi Inaba Naomi Kuboyama Kenichi Shibuya Graduate School of Health and Welfare Niigata University of Health and Welfare Graduate School Niigata Japan RESCO Corporation Tokyo Japan WELCIA YAKKYOKU CO. LTD. Niigata Japan Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Osaka University of Commerce Osaka Japan

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of the frequency of mastication on cerebral activation and task scores for computational tasks. Eleven healthy subjects participated in the present study (nine women, two men). Subjects carried out the Uchida-Kraepelin Test for 15 min before and after chewing tasteless gum for five minutes. The oxygenation of the left prefrontal cortex was monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy during the computational tasks. Task scores did not differ significantly according to chewing frequency (p > 0.05). Conversely, the oxygenation value measured after mastication at a chewing frequency of 110 times/minute (Hz) was significantly higher than that observed before mastication (p 0.05 for both). The results of the present study suggest that tasteless mastication does not enhance calculation performance, while a high mastication frequency demonstrates an influence on oxygenation. However, our study indicates that chewing tasteless gum per se does not increase cognitive performance.

关键词： Mastication Frequency Brain Activity Uchida-Kraepelin Test Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

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Graphene Sheets with Modified Surface by Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Surfactant for Biomedical Applications

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Graphene 2016年第4期5卷 155-165页

作者： Zhypargul Abdullaeva Zhazgul Kelgenbaeva Tsushida Masayuki megumi Hirano Shoji Nagaoka Tomohiro Shirosaki Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry Department Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan Materials Development Department Kumamoto Industrial Research Institute Kumamoto Japan

This work describes synthesis of graphene sheets with modified surface by sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) surfactant using one-pot solvothermal reaction method. Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate surfactant amount on surface modification level of graphene sheets was investigated. Ether (-S-OR- at 762 cm-1 - 863 cm-1), thiocarbonyl (=C=S at 1050 cm-1 - 1176 cm-1) and sulfoxide (S-O, Vs and Vas at 1030 cm-1 - 1450 cm-1) functional groups released from sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) surfactant during solvothermal reaction and attached on the surface of graphene sheets were detected by (attenuated total reflectance-fast Fourier infrared) ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. (Atomic force microscope) AFM observations revealed apparent surface of graphene sheets modified by surfactant molecules with an average multiple profile of graphene nanosheets ≈ 4.8 nm high. This synthesis way of surface modified graphene sheets can be considered as easy, one-step and cheap method for manufacturing of novel biosurface with graphene, as reinforcement for biopolymer coatings such as ultra-high molecular weight polypropylene (UHMWPE), metallic biomaterials (Ti and Ti alloys) and bioceramics as hydroxyapatite (HA).

关键词： Graphene Synthesis Surface Modification Surfactant Attenuated Total Reflection

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