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Role of bacteria in carcinogenesis, with special reference to carcinoma of the gallbladder

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5395-5404页

作者： Gopal Nath Anil K gulati Vijay K Shukla Department of Microbiology Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Department of General Surgery Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University

Carcinoma of the gallbladder (CaGB) is the fifth commonest gastrointestinal tract cancer and is endemic in several countries. The interplay of genetic susceptibility, infections, and life style factors has been proposed to be responsible for carcinogenesis of gallbladder. Persistence of infection leading to chronic inflammation, and production of certain toxins and metabolites with carcinogenic potentials, by certain bacteria has been speculated to be involved in the transformation of the gallbladder epithelium. Therefore, any bacteria that have evolved to acquire both of the above carcinogenic mechanisms can cause cancer. Salmonella typhi has been found to be prominently associated with CaGB. Chronic typhoid carriage (persistence) and production of mediators of chronic infl ammation and a genotoxic toxin (cytotoxic distending toxin, CdtB) are also known for this bacterium. Furthermore, the natural concentrating function of the gallbladder might amplify the carcinogenic effect of the mediators of carcinogenesis. In addition to S. typhi, certain species of Helicobacter (H. bilis and H. hepaticus) and Escherichia coli have also been implicated in carcinogenesis. As the isolation rate is verypoor with the presently available culture techniques, the existence of bacteria in a viable but non-cultivable state is quite likely; therefore, sensitive and specif ic molecular techniques might reveal the etiological role of bacterial infection in gallbladder carcinogenesis. If bacteria are found to be causing cancers, then eradication of such infections might help in reducing the incidence of some cancers.

关键词： Bacteria Chronic infl ammation Carcinogen Bacterial toxins Carcinoma gallbladder DNA damage

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Controlling Drug Release from Titania Nanotube Arrays Using Polymer Nanocarriers and Biopolymer Coating

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2011年第5期2卷 477-484页

作者： Moom Sinn Aw Karan gulati Dusan Losic 不详

Titania nanotube arrays (TNT) prepared by self-ordering electrochemical anodization have attracted considerable attraction for the development of new devices for local drug delivery applications. Two approaches to extend drug release of water insoluble drugs by integration TNTs with polymeric micelles and biopolymer coatings are presented in this work. The proposed strategies emphasized on remarkable properties of these materials and their unique combination to design local drug delivery system with advanced performance. The first concept integrates TNTs with drug loaded polymeric micelles (Pluronic F127) as drug nanocarrier, until the second concept includes polymer coating of drug loaded TNT with biodegradable polymer (chitosan). The water insoluble, anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin was used as a model drug. Both approaches showed a significant improvement of the drug release characteristics, with reduced burst release (from 77% to 39%) and extended overall release from 9 days to more than 28 days. These results suggest the capability of TNT based systems to be applied for local drug delivery deliver over an extended period with predictable kinetics that is particularly important for bone implant therapies.

关键词： Drug Delivery Titania Nanotubes Polymeric Micelles Pluronic F127 Chitosan Indomethacin

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Role of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of COVID-19:A mini review

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Journal of Acute Disease 2022年第5期11卷 168-172页

作者： Rajeesh Mohammed PK Saakshi gulati Shivangi Gupta Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology KMCT Dental CollegeKeralaIndia Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Sathyabama Dental College and HospitalChennaiIndia Department of Periodontics and Implantology MMCDSR Deemed to be UniversityMullanaAmbalaIndia

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection has resulted in a significant public health care system *** disease has resulted in devastating damage to human lives and significant disruption in *** of“machine-learning”algorithms as tools of artificial intelligence may help identify a suspected or infected individual with an estimation of chances of *** algorithms make use of recorded observational data including medical histories,patient demographics as well as any related data on COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Artificial intelligence Algorithm Analysis

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A serum microRNA signature for enhanced selection of people for lung cancer screening

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Cancer Communications 2022年第11期42卷 1222-1225页

作者： Haixin Yu Janhavi R.Raut megha Bhardwaj Yan Zhang Evelin Sandner Ben Schöttker Bernd Holleczek Petra Schrotz-King Hermann Brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Baden-WürttembergGermany Medical Faculty Heidelberg University of HeidelbergHeidelberg 69120Baden-WürttembergGermany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)and National Center for Tumor Diseases(NCT)Heidelberg 69120Baden-WürttembergGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Baden-WürttembergGermany Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology Robert-Bosch KrankenhausKlinik SchillerhoeheGerlingen 70839Baden-WürttembergGermany Network Aging Research University of HeidelbergBergheimer Straße 20Heidelberg 69115Baden-WürttembergGermany Saarland Cancer Registry Präsident-Baltz-Straße 5Saarbrucken 66119SaarlandGermany

Dear editor,Lung cancer(LC)is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally[1].Earlier detection by screening can substantially reduce LC mortality[2,3],but should be focused on those at highest risk[4].Risk stratification for LC screening,which is mostly based on smoking history[5],is far from perfect[6].Therefore,additional criteria to better define those at highest risk of LC are needed to enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of LC *** risk prediction models incorporating classical LC risk factors[7].

关键词： mortality cancer signature

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Optimal timing of same-admission orthotopic heart transplantation after left ventricular assist device implantation

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第2期9卷 154-161页

作者： Gunsagar gulati David Ouyang Richard Ha Dipanjan Banerjee Depart-ment of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Division of Adult Cardiac SurgeryStanford University

AIM To investigate the impact of timing of same-admission orthotopic heart transplant(OHT) after left ventricular assist device(LVAD) implantation on in-hospital mortality and post-transplant length of *** Using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 1998 to 2011, we identified patients 18 years of age or older who underwent implantation of a LVAD and for whom the procedure date was available. We calculated in-hospital mortality for those patients who underwent OHT during the same admission as a function of time from LVAD to OHT, adjusting for age, sex, race, household income, and number of comorbid diagnoses. Finally, we analyzed the effect of time to OHT after LVAD implantation on the length of hospital stay *** Two thousand and two hundred patients underwent implantation of a LVAD in this cohort. One hundred and sixty-four(7.5%) patients also underwent OHT duringthe same admission, which occurred on average 32 d(IQR 7.75-66 d) after LVAD implantation. Of patients who underwent OHT, patients who underwent transplantation within 7 d of LVAD implantation("early") experienced increased in-hospital mortality(26.8% vs 12.2%, P = 0.0483) compared to patients who underwent transplant after 8 d("late"). There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, race, household income, or number of comorbid diagnoses between the early and late groups. Post-transplant length of stay after LVAD implantation was also not significantly different between patients who underwent early vs late OHT. CONCLUSION In this cohort of patients who received LVADs, the rate of in-hospital mortality after OHT was lower for patients who underwent late OHT(at least 8 d after LVAD implantation) compared to patients who underwent early OHT. Delayed timing of OHT after LVAD implantation did not correlate with longer hospital stays post-transplant.

关键词： Mechanical circulatory support Orthotopic heart transplant Bridge to transplant Left ventricular assist device outcomes

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Tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients:A case series

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World Journal of Transplantation 2017年第3期7卷 213-221页

作者： Manish Anand Ekta Nayyar Beatrice Concepcion megha Salani Heidi Schaefer Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyUniversity of Cincinnati Trihealth Infectious Disease Good Samaritan Hospital De-partment of Medicine Division of NephrologyVanderbilt University

Solid organ transplant recipients have an elevated risk of tuberculosis(TB) with high mortality. Data about TB in this population in the United States is sparse. We present four cases of active tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients at our center. All patients had possible TB exposure prior to transplant and all were diagnosed with active TB within the first year of transplant. Disseminated TB was seen in half of the patients with extra-pulmonary TB being more common affecting lymph nodes, pericardium, and the kidney allograft. Delay in diagnosis from onset of symptoms ranged from fifteen days to two months. Two patients died from TB. TB is a largely preventable and curable disease. However, challenges remain in the diagnosis due to most recipients presenting with atypical symptoms. Physicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion for TB to promptly diagnose and treat posttransplant thereby minimizing complications. A review of the literature including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment options are discussed.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Kidney transplant Disseminated disease Tuberculosis

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Proline-leucine polymorphism of human glutathione peroxidase 1 in Thalassemia major

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第6期4卷 699-701页

作者： Vishal Bhargava Manoj gulati Neelima Singh Richa Bhargava Department of Biochemistry G.R Medical College Gwalior India Department of Biotechnology Gwalior India Department of Medicine G.R Medical College Gwalior India

Thalassemia is associated with low antioxidant enzyme deficiency especially glutathione peroxidase. GPX exists in 6 isomeric forms out of which GPX1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism is found to be associated with Thalassemia major. In our study, the determination of the allelic frequency and phenotype of a common polymorphism in Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) was observed in Thalassemic populations. A proline/leucine variant occurs at position 197 close to the C-terminus of the protein. The genotypes encoding Pro/Pro, Pro/Leu, and Leu/ Leu are distributed according to the Hardy-Weinberg relationship. The study has been carried out in 40 Thalassemic cases and 40 control subjects. No significant association between allele frequency and risk to get fatal was evident. Erythrocyte GPX activity was determined and no significant differences were obtained between the genotypes. It can be concluded that the Pro/Leu genetic variation does not appear to compromise the defense against oxidative stress in red blood cells or to be associated with significant pathology.

关键词： GPX1 Thalassemia SNP

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Maximizing Throughput for Cryo-EM Data Collection with the K3 Direct Detection Camera

Maximizing Throughput for Cryo-EM Data Collection with the K...

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第七届全国冷冻电子显微学与结构生物学专题研讨会

作者： Sahil gulati Stephen Mick Chris Booth Gatan Inc.Pleasanton

＜正＞Direct electron detection camera technology for transmission electron microscopy has provided a dramatic improvement in the quality of images that can be acquired in cryo- electron microscopy （cryo-EM）.Improvement in image quality is one of the key factors that has led to the resolution revolution1 so that reconstructions of biological macromolecules are now commonly resolved to a resolution better than 3.5 Angstroms.

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增加高炉炼铁天然气使用量的研究

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钢铁译文集 2015年第2期 11-15,40页

作者： megha Jampani 美国卡耐基·梅隆大学

最近的研究成果表明天然气可用于部分替代高炉中的焦炭。本文分析将天然气直接导入炉身中以增加天然气使用量的可行性。通过对预期炉身条件下的甲烷裂解的理论计算和实验室试验考查了这种可行性。

关键词：高炉炼铁天然气使用量实验室试验研究成果直接导入甲烷裂解炉身

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Diurnal changes in differential sensitivity and temporal resolution in morning-type and evening-type individuals with normal hearing

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2018年第4期4卷 229-233页

作者： J.Nikhil K.N.megha Prashanth Prabhu Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and HearingMysoreKarnatakaIndia

The present study attempts to determine diurnal changes by testing the differential sensitivity and temporal resolution in morning-type,evening-type,and intermediate-type individuals with normal *** participants with normal hearing were divided into morningtype,evening-type,and intermediate-type using“MorningnesseEveningness Questionnaire”.The tests of differential sensitivity and temporal resolution were administered to all the participants in the morning and evening,*** differences in the test results between different timing across all the three groups were *** results of the study showed that there was a significant diurnal effect on psychoacoustic tests as morning-type individuals performed better when tested in morning and evening-type performed better when they were tested in ***,there was no diurnal effect found in intermediate *** lack of inhibitory control and poor cognitive load in off peak time could have lead to poor ***,the variable of diurnal effects should be considered in further studies on psychoacoustic tests,especially in young ***,studies could be performed to explore diurnal effects on objective audiological tests in a larger group of population in the future.

关键词： Differential sensitivity Temporal processing Morningness Eveningness Diurnal changes

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