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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第4期10卷 1866-1877页

作者： Igor Yu. Potemine Werner krause Institut de Mathmatiques Universit Paul Sabatier Toulouse France Independent Researcher Berlin Germany

We consider the Hyperverse as a collection of multiverses in a (4 + 1)-dimensional spacetime with gravitational constant G. Multiverses in our model are bouquets of thin shells (with synchronized intrinsic times). If gis the gravitational constant of a shell Sand εits thickness, then G~εg. The physical universe is supposed to be one of those thin shells inside the local bouquet called local Multiverse. Other remarkable objects of the Hyperverse are supposed to be black holes, black lenses, black rings and (generalized) Black Saturns. In addition, Schwarzschild-de Sitter multiversal nurseries can be hidden inside those Black Saturns, leading to their Bousso-Hawking nucleation. It also suggests that black holes in our physical universe might harbor embedded (2 + 1)-dimensional multiverses. This is compatible with outstanding ideas and results of Bekenstein, Hawking-Vaz and Corda about “black holes as atoms” and the condensation of matter on “apparent horizons”. It allows us to formulate conjecture 12.1 about the origin of the local Multiverse. As an alternative model, we examine spacetime warping of our universe by external universes. It gives data for the accelerated expansion and the cosmological constant Λ, which are in agreement with observation, thus opening a possibility for verification of the multiverse model.

关键词： 5-Dimensional Gravity Black Hole Black Saturn Cosmological Constant Dark Energy Multiverse Spacetime Warping Thin Shell

Antifibrogenic effects of vitamin D derivatives on mouse pancreatic stellate cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第2期24卷 170-178页

作者： Peter Wallbaum Sarah Rohde luise Ehlers Falko lange Alexander Hohn Carina Bergner Sarah Marie Schwarzenbock Bernd Joachim krause Robert Jaster Department of MedicineⅡ Division of GastroenterologyRostock University Medical CenterRostock 18057Germany Oscar-langendorff-Institute of Physiology Rostock University Medical CenterRostock 18057Germany Department of Nuclear Medicine Rostock University Medical CenterRostock 18057Germany

AIM To study the molecular effects of three different D-vitamins, vitamin D2, vitamin D3 and calcipotriol, in pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs).METHODS Quiescent PSCs were isolated from mouse pancreas and activated in vitro by seeding on plastic surfaces. The cells were exposed to D-vitamins as primary cultures(early-activated PSCs) and upon re-culturing(fullyactivated cells). Exhibition of vitamin A-containing lipid droplets was visualized by oil-red staining. Expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), a marker of PSC activation, was monitored by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analysis. The rate of DNA synthesis was quantified by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(Brd U) incorporation assays. Real-time PCR was employed to monitor gene expression, and protein levels of interleukin-6(Il-6) were measured by ElISA. Uptake of proline was determined using 18 *** Sustained culture of originally quiescent PSCs inducedcell proliferation, loss of lipid droplets and exhibition of stress fibers, indicating cell activation. When added to PSCs in primary culture, all three D-vitamins diminished expression of α-SMA(to 32%-39% of the level of control cells; P lipids(scores from 1.97-2.15 on a scale from 0-3; controls: 1.49; P lly-activated cells, while incorporation of Brd U remained unaffected under both experimental conditions. Treatment of re-cultured PSCs with D-vitamins was associated with lower expression of Il-6(-42% to-49%; P lso confirmed at the protein level) and increased expression of the vitamin D receptor gene(209%-321% vs controls; P llagen type 1(chain α1). The lowest uptake of proline, a main component of collagen, was observed in calcipotriol-treated *** The three D-vitamins inhibit, with similar efficiencies, activation of PSCs in v

关键词： Pancreatic stellate cells Fibrosis Vitamin D2 Vitamin D3 Calcipotriol

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中文文本关键词自动抽取方法研究

情报学报 2008年第4期27卷 512-520页

作者：张雪英 Jǔrgen krause 南京师范大学地理信息科学江苏省重点实验室江苏南京210097 Social Science Information Centre Bonn D-53113Germany

随着信息技术的发展，中文电子文本信息资源正以惊人的速度急剧增长。文本自动处理技术，通过自动组织海量文献信息资源，能够为用户提供简易有效的信息检索服务。关键词自动抽取是文本自动处理的基础和核心。汉语的特殊性加剧了中文文... 详细信息

随着信息技术的发展，中文电子文本信息资源正以惊人的速度急剧增长。文本自动处理技术，通过自动组织海量文献信息资源，能够为用户提供简易有效的信息检索服务。关键词自动抽取是文本自动处理的基础和核心。汉语的特殊性加剧了中文文本关键词自动抽取的难度。本文提出了一种基于N-gram权重计算和关键词筛选算法的中文文本关键词自动抽取方法。该方法不依赖特定的数据集和中文分词技术，可以有效地抽取出任意单篇文本的关键词，而且通过参数调整，应用系统可以灵活地控制标引深度和标引专指度。实验表明，该方法简单、快速、断词错误率低，标引性能明显优于基于中文分词和TF／IDF的方法，可以满足大规模文本的在线处理要求。

关键词：中文文本关键词抽取文本表达

Reduction Discoloration of Reactive Dyed Cotton Waste and Chemical Recycling via Ionic liquid

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1557-1571页

作者： Aline Ferreira Knihs larissa Klen Aragão Miguel Angelo Granato Andrea Cristiane krause Bierhalz Rita de Cassia Siqueira Curto Valle Department of Textile Engineering Federal University of Santa CatarinaBlumenau89036-256Brazil

The textile industry generates large volumes of waste throughout its production *** of this waste is colored,therefore,discoloration is an important step toward recycling and reusing this *** study focused on the chemical reductive discoloration of textile waste composed of cotton dyed with reactive *** experimental design demonstrated the significant influence of the concentration of reducing agent and time of reaction on the degree of whiteness of the cotton *** concentration of the alkaline agent was not significant in the *** optimization of the reaction conditions lead to Berger degree of 50.5±*** discolored cotton was chemically recycled through dissolution in ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and regeneration in film form in *** microstructure of the regenerated cellulose films was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)indicating complete dissolution and uniform *** discoloration process reduced the polymerization degree and crystallinity index of the cotton fibers but retained the cellulose I *** dissolution and cellulose regeneration process results in transparent films with an amorphous *** thermal behavior,evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis,indicated that residues and regenerated film presented a main decomposition *** maximum decomposition rate temperature of the regenerated films was approximately 40℃lower than the cotton fibers,which correlates well with the reduction in polymerization degree and amorphous *** general,the study demonstrated that textile cotton waste dyed with reactive dyes can be chemically discolored to form transparent and amorphous films,contributing to the development of sustainable strategies for the textile industry.

关键词： Reactive dyed cotton waste reactive discoloration ionic liquid dissolution and regeneration recycling and reusing

The Formation and Structure Evolution of Zechstein (Upper Permian) Salt in Northeast German Basin: A Review

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Open Journal of Geology 2013年第8期3卷 411-426页

作者： Yanqiu Zhang Michael krause Maria Mutti Institute of Earth and Environmental Science University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany

The Zechstein (Upper Permian) salts are extensively distributed in the Northeast German Basin (NEGB). Their formation and movements have attracted great attention to discovering the accumulation and exploration of hydrocarbon sources, as well as the salt production. But the previous studies are validated in cases and a general view on these studies is scarce. By analyzing and integrating previous studies, the history and structure evolution of Zechstein salts were reviewed in this paper. Seven cycles of Zechstein salt (Na1, Na2, Na3, Na4, Na5, Na6, Na7) with distinct composition and thickness were deposited after a series of marine transgressions and regressions during the Upper Permian. The Na1 (300 m) locally developed in a lagoon environment. The thick Na2 (over 500 m) was widely deposited in the whole basin. The Na3, Na4, Na5, Na6 and Na7 decreased progressively in thickness and distribution. These salts should have been moved as a result of regional tectonics taking place from Triassic to Early Cenozoic, which changes the original distribution of salts, resulting in the formation of different salt structures (pillows and diapirs). Salt movement was more intensive in central and southern parts of the basin forming narrow and widely-distributed salt diapirs, while it was less intensive in the northern parts where salt pillows are the major structure. The salt meadow and saline springs are also present, which are attributed to the salinization of the groundwater. By this study, we review the history and structure development of the Zechstein salt in the NEGB by associating each individual study and figure out the common and regional characters of the salt in this region.

关键词： Zechstein Salt Salt Formation Salt Movement Salt Structure Salt Dissolution

Urinary incontinence following obstetric fistula repair

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第2期5卷 182-186页

作者： Judith TW Goh Hannah krause Greenslopes Private Hospital Griffith University

Prolonged and/or obstructed labour is the most common cause of genital tract fistula world-wide, in particular, sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia where emergency obstetric services are unavailable or suboptimal to afford timely delivery of the baby. This results in pressure necrosis by the fetal presenting part at the level of the obstruction in the maternal pelvis. Other reasons for obstetric fstula include trauma from vaginal deliveries （spontaneous or instrumental） and iatrogenic from cesarean section/hysterectomy. The majority of women develop the fistula during their first labour and most babies are stillborn. Women with a fistula suffer from leakage of urine and/or faeces from the vagina and surgery is the treatment for an established fstula. long-term complications of fstulas include recurrent fstula, urinary incontinence, reproductive dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, mental health dysfunction, social isola-tion and orthopaedic complications such as footdrop. Ongoing urinary symptoms are not uncommon after successful fistula closure. There are various reasons for residual urinary incontinence following obstetric fstula repair including urinary stress incontinence, overa-ctive bladder, mixed urinary incontinence and voiding dysfunction. Urinary incontinence after fistula repair requires careful evaluation prior to further surgery, as in some diagnoses, continence surgery is unlikely to treat and may worsen the condition. Initial results from educational and physiotherapy programs demonstrated a positive impact on post-fstula incontinence.

关键词： Urinary incontinence Obstetric fstula

Efficient visible-light-driven water oxidation by single-crystal Ta_(3)N_(5)nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 4562-4567页

作者： Zheng Wang Jeongsuk Seo Takashi Hisatomi Mamiko Nakabayashi Jiadong Xiao Shanshan Chen lihua lin Zhenhua Pan Mary krause Nick Yin Gordon Smith Naoya Shibata Tsuyoshi Takata Kazunari Domen Research Initiative for Supra-Materials Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge ResearchShinshu University4-17-1 WakasatoNagano-shiNagano 380-8553Japan Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo2-11-16 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Global Advanced Metals Inc. 1223 County Line RoadBoyertownPA 19512USA Office of University Professors The University of Tokyo2-11-16 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan

Ta3N5 is regarded as a promising photocatalyst for solar water splitting because of its excellent visible light absorption characteristics and simple *** Ta3N5 photocatalysts prepared from oxide precursors typically comprise aggregated polycrystalline particles with defects and grain boundaries that reduce the water oxidation activity of the *** the present work,well-dispersed Ta3N5 nanoparticulate single crystals were synthesized via a mild nitridation process using pure Ta metal nanopowder or Ta nanopowder mixed with *** resulting high-quality Ta3N5 nanoparticles,after loading with an oxygen evolution cocatalyst,exhibited impressively high photocatalytic performance during O_(2)evolution from a sacrificial AgNO3 solution,with an apparent quantum yield of 9.4%at 420 *** findings suggest a new approach to the facile fabrication of nanostructured single-crystal photocatalysts for efficient solar water splitting,based on the use of metal nanopowders.

关键词： Ta3N5 photocatalyst nanoparticle single crystal O_(2)evolution metallic Ta precursor

Profit-Maximizing Strategies for an Artificial Payment Card Market. Is learning Possible?

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Journal of Intelligent learning Systems and Applications 2011年第2期3卷 70-81页

作者： Biliana Alexandrova-Kabadjova Edward Tsang Andreas krause 不详

In this paper, we study the dynamics of competition in the payment card market. This is done through a multi-agent based model, which captures explicitly the commercial transactions at the point of sale between consumers and mer-chants. Through simulation, we attempt to model the demand for payment instruments on both sides of the market. Constrained by this complex demand, a Generalised Population Based Incremental learning (GPBIl) algorithm is applied to find a profit-maximizing strategy, which in addition has to achieve an average number of card transactions. In the present study we compare the performance of a profit-maximizing strategies obtained by the GPBIl algorithm versus the performance of randomly selected strategies. We found that under the search criteria used, GPBIl was capable of improving the price structure and price level over randomly selected strategies.

关键词： Competition in Payment Card markets Multi-Agent Modeling Evolutionary Computation

Horizontal Fire Spread in a Contemporary Apartment Based on a Real Fire

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2019年第4期9卷 367-385页

作者： Stefanie Schubert-Polzin Alexander Saupe Ulrich krause Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal Department of Water Environment Construction and Safety BreitscheidstraBe 2 Magdeburg Germany Institute of Apparatus and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Process and Systems Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Universitätsplatz 2 Magdeburg Germany

The apartment fire tests comprise a set of two full-scale fire experiments in a dwelling building made from pre-fabricated concrete elements in April 2013. Two apartments were nearly identically furnished and fully instrumented with thermocouples, video cameras and gas extraction probes. The apartments were ignited successively whereupon the fire in the second apartment developed freely to post-flashover conditions and got the main focus in this report. The apartment was completely furnished with contemporary furniture and objects, and had an average fire load density for residential occupancy. A full description of the fire load, ventilation conditions and instrumentation are provided. The focus of this report is primarily to obtain conclusions on the horizontal spread of smoke throughout the apartment during the fire growth period. Velocities of smoke spreading were measured to be in the range below 0.05 m/s which means that the smoke migrated over the longest distance throughout the apartment for about 3 to 4 minutes while the flame did not leave the initial fire room. The main aim of the experiments was to collect a comprehensive set of data from a realistic and contemporary fire scenario to validate numerical simulations.

关键词： Apartment Fire Horizontal Fire Spread Smoke Spreading Full-Scale Fire Test

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彩色照片的性能和稳定性

浙江档案 1991年第9期 45-47页

作者： P·krause 聂曼影

本文谈彩色相片及其稳定性,将涉及如下话题:主要的照相制版术、结构、影响稳定性的因素、降解的现象和原因、寿命测定和预期寿命以及保管和修复。为讨论这个问题,我从过去150年里倡议的几百种方法中挑选了6种照相制版术和代表性产品。... 详细信息

本文谈彩色相片及其稳定性,将涉及如下话题:主要的照相制版术、结构、影响稳定性的因素、降解的现象和原因、寿命测定和预期寿命以及保管和修复。为讨论这个问题,我从过去150年里倡议的几百种方法中挑选了6种照相制版术和代表性产品。因为这6种已取得商业上的极天成功。因此,它们多半会出现在新旧彩色相片的收藏品中,不过,我的重点将放在量色型(chromogenic)材料上。例如柯达克罗姆(hodachrome)彩色反转片、柯达彩色负片(kodacolor),爱克塔克罗姆(Ektachrome)彩色胶片和爱克塔彩色相纸(Ektacolor),因为在过去的50年里,特

关键词：彩色相片柯达支持体染料密度上色密度克罗姆光稳性彩色反转片彩色片相纸感光材料粘合材料粘接材料影像层色型摄影方法透明正片照相制版术滤光镜