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Arsenic speciation in freshwater fish:challenges and research needs

Food Quality and Safety 2023年第3期7卷 383-407页

作者： Karen S.Hoy Tetiana Davydiuk Xiaojian Chen Chester Lau Jordan R.M.Schofield Xiufen Lu Jennifer A.Graydon Ruth Mitchell megan Reichert X.Chris Le Department of Chemistry University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada Alberta Health Health Protection BranchEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Food and water are the main sources of human exposure to *** is important to determine arsenic species in food because the toxicities of arsenic vary greatly with its chemical *** research has focused on high concentrations of arsenic species in marine *** concentrations of arsenic species in freshwater fish are much lower,and their determination presents analytical *** this review,we summarize the current state of knowledge on arsenic speciation in freshwater fish and discuss challenges and research *** samples are typically homogenized,and arsenic species are extracted using water/methanol with the assistance of sonication and enzyme *** species in the extracts are commonly separated using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICPMS).Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry,used in combination with HPLC and ICPMS,provides complementary information for the identification and characterization of arsenic *** methods and perspectives discussed in this review,covering sample preparation,chromatography separation,and mass spectrometry detection,are directed to arsenic speciation in freshwater fish and applicable to studies of other food *** progress made in arsenic speciation analysis,a large fraction of the total arsenic in freshwater fish remains *** is challenging to identify and quantify arsenic species present in complex sample matrices at very low *** research is needed to improve the extraction efficiency,chromatographic resolution,detection sensitivity,and characterization capability.

关键词： Arsenic species environment food consumption freshwater fish human exposure identification of unknowns liquid chromatography mass spectrometry

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型钢加固混凝土组合梁弯剪作用下的试验研究和理论分析

型钢加固混凝土组合梁弯剪作用下的试验研究和理论分析

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作者： TCHIDI megan FLORENT（齐弟）天津大学

学位级别：硕士

与钢筋混凝土结构相比,组合梁结构具有承载力高、延性好等特点,在实际工程中得到了广泛的应用。本文提出一种新型组合梁形式——型钢加固混凝土组合梁,它是在实际加固工程中采用H型钢下托框架结构原混凝土梁形成的组合梁。本文通过四根... 详细信息

与钢筋混凝土结构相比,组合梁结构具有承载力高、延性好等特点,在实际工程中得到了广泛的应用。本文提出一种新型组合梁形式——型钢加固混凝土组合梁,它是在实际加固工程中采用H型钢下托框架结构原混凝土梁形成的组合梁。本文通过四根型钢加固混凝土组合梁的简支静力加载试验,系统地研究了型钢加固混凝土组合结构的工作性能。主要研究工作和成果如下:(1)设计和制作了四根型钢加固混凝土组合梁模型,并对试件进行集中力静力加载。通过试验数据得到试件的荷载-挠度曲线、截面应变发展情况等试验结果,研究其工作特点和破坏特征。(2)试验研究了型钢加固混凝土组合梁的抗弯、抗剪承载能力,并与原混凝土梁的承载能力进行对比,说明了型钢加固混凝土组合梁的加固效果良好。(3)对型钢加固混凝土组合梁在弯矩和剪力共同作用下的极限强度进行分析,推导出弯剪共同作用下组合截面抗弯抗剪承载力计算公式。研究表明:型钢加固混凝土组合梁变形能力强,延性好,承载能力相对大幅提高;由弯剪组合作用下的型钢加固混凝土组合梁的分析结果,提出了一种既考虑混凝土组合作用部分对抗剪强度的贡献,又考虑极限弯剪相互作用的设计模型。这个模型提供了一种既可靠又经济的钢-混凝土组合梁设计方法。因而具有重要的理论意义和工程价值。

关键词：组合梁加固试验抗弯承载力抗剪承载力极限强度延性

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Sensor-based physical activity, sedentary time, and reported cell phone screen time: A hierarchy of correlates in youth

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 55-64页

作者： Pedro B.Júdice João P.Magalhães Gil B.Rosa Duarte Henriques-Neto megan Hetherington-Rauth Luís B.Sardinha Exercise and Health Laboratory CIPERFaculty of Human KineticsUniversity of LisbonLisbon 1499-002Portugal Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Lusofona UniversityLisbon 1749-024Portugal

Background:Evidence on correlates relies on subjective metrics and fails to include correlates across all levels of the ecologic *** determined which correlates best predict sensor-based physical activity(PA),sedentary time(ST),and self-reported cell phone screen time(CST)in a large sample of youth,while considering a multiplicity of ***:Using sensor-based accelerometry,we assessed the PA and ST of 2179 youths.A χ^2 automatic interaction detection algorithm was used to hierarchize the correlates associated with too much ST(>50th percentile),insufficient moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)(<60 min/day),and prolonged CST(≥2 h/day).Results:Among youth 10-14 years old,the correlates for being inactive consisted of being a girl,not having sport facilities in the neighborhood,and not perceiving the neighborhood as a safe place,whereas in the youth 15-18 years old,the correlate for being inactive was not performing sports(9.7%chance of being active).The correlates for predicting high ST in the younger group was not performing sports(55.8%chance for high ST),and in the older group,the correlates were not owning a pet,perceiving the neighborhood as safe,and having inactive parents(63.7%chance for high ST).In the younger group,the greatest chances of having high CST were among those who were in the last elementary school years,who were girls,and who did not have friends in the neighborhood(73.1%chance for high CST),whereas in the older group,the greatest chance for having high CST was among those who were girls and had a TV in the bedroom(74.3%chance for high CST).Conclusion:To counteract ST and boost MVPA among youths,a specific focus on girls,the promotion of sport participation and facilities,neighborhood safety,and involvement of family must be prioritized.

关键词： Adolescents Environment Objective Sedentary behavior Socioecologic model

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乐高神奇之旅

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作者： (美)megan H. Rothrock

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SD大鼠长期高盐饮食可导致其高血压并改变肾细胞因子基因表达谱(英文)

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北京大学学报（医学版） 2009年第5期41卷 505-515页

作者： Emily YOUNG Kevan B.TUCKER megan SHPARAGO Amelia Purser BAILEY Department of Physiology & Biophysics University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson

Objective:The present study examines whether a long-term high salt diet causes hypertension and renal injury in normal subjects [Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats] and alters renal cytokine-related gene expression ***: Four 10 week old male SD rats received a high salt diet(HS,8%) and the other 4 SD rats received a normal salt diet(NS,0.5 %) for 8 *** arterial pressure(MAP) and renal damages such as albuminuria and histological renal injury were *** relative mRNA levels of 514 cytokine-related genes(normalized by β-actin) in rat kidneys following NS or HS were determined quantitatively through analysis of 4 sets of gene expression profiles using the mouse cDNA membrane ***: We demonstrated that 8 weeks of HS diet increased MAP [(140.0±5.3) vs(112.0±2.2) mmHg;1 mmHg=0.133 kPa,P<0.01],albuminuria [(41.4±3.2) vs(20.1±4.5) mg/d;P<0.01],and caused histological renal injury in SD rats,compared to NS *** the 514 genes in the array,there were 27(5.25%) genes with significantly different expression in the kidney of SD rats with HS compared to those of SD rats with *** clustering analysis indicated the following functional pathways related to high salt diet-induced hypertension:(1) pro-inflammatory response(↑IL-17,CCL28;↓NFκbib);(2) endothelial dysfunction(↓VEGF-A,VEGF-B,endoglin);(3) pro-matrix formation(↑osteopontin,IGFBP-5;↓IFN-γ);and(4) attenuated cell survival and differentiation(↓CNTF,IGF-Ⅱ R,ephrin-B1).Northern blot confirmed that 8 weeks of HS diet significantly decreased renal expression of VEGF mRNA,compared to NS group(P<0.01).ELISA showed that HS diet significantly decreased renal protein levels of VEGF and ***: These findings support the hypothesis that hypertension can be induced in normal rats by a long-term high salt diet,which is associated with increased renal injury and marked changes in renal cytokine gene expression profiles that are closely related to the pro-inflammatory response,pro-matri

关键词：氯化钠膳食高血压细胞因子类基因表达谱

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乐高神奇之旅

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作者： (美)megan H. Rothrock

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Effects of aging on gene expression in blood of captive Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) and comparisons with expression in humans

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Zoological Research 2020年第5期41卷 557-563页

作者： Chao-Chao Yan Xin-Shang Zhang Liang Zhou Qiao Yang Min Zhou Lin-Wan Zhang Jin-Chuan Xing Zhi-Feng Yan megan Price Jing Li Bi-Song Yue Zhen-Xin Fan Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-environment(Ministry of Education) College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610065China Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduSichuan 610212China Department of Genetics RutgersState University of New JerseyPiscatawayNew Jersey 08854USA

DEAR EDITOR,Changes in gene expression occur as animals,including primates,*** have long been used as a model species for primate evolution and biomedical ***,to study gene expression in Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibe... 详细信息

关键词： Tibetan blood aging

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Evaluation of the Use of Ketamine for Acute Pain in the Emergency Department at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2016年第1期7卷 19-24页

作者： Nahal Beik Katelyn Sylvester megan Rocchio Michael B. Stone Department of Pharmacy Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston USA Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston USA

Introduction: At subdissociative doses of 0.1 - 0.5 mg/kg, ketamine provides effective analgesia when used alone or as an adjunct to opioid analgesics without causing cardiovascular or respiratory compromise. Ketamine is a beneficial analgesic agent in the emergency department (ED), particularly in patients with opioid-resistant pain or polytrauma patients who are hemodynamically unstable. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate current practice and describe clinical outcomes associated with the use of low-dose ketamine for acute pain in the ED. Methods: Adult patients receiving ketamine were retrospectively evaluated between March 1, 2012 and March 31, 2013. Patients were included if they were ordered for ketamine in the ED to treat acute pain. Outcomes included dose administered, cumulative doses, concurrent opioid administration, and any efficacy or adverse events documented after the administration of ketamine. Continuous variables are reported as mean (standard deviation [SD]) or median (interquartile range [IQR]). Results: A total of 46 patients were evaluated for inclusion. Of the 25 patients included, 38 doses of ketamine were documented. The mean age was 41 years old with 64% of the patients being female. The average initial ketamine dose was 0.12 ± 0.06 mg/kg and 8 (32%) patients received multiple doses of ketamine (1.5 ± 0.8 doses per patient). Ketamine was added to opioid therapy in 23 (92%) patients. Pain scores decreased post administration of ketamine from 10 (9 - 10) to 5 (4 - 7). Adequate pain relief was documented in 11 (44%) patients (felt comfortable going home);partial pain relief was noted in 5 (20%) patients;3 (12%) patients reported no pain relief;3 (12%) patients were able to have a procedure done, and efficacy was not documented in 3 (12%) patients. Anxiety and agitation were documented in 2 (8%) patients. No adverse outcomes were documented in 84% of patients. Conclusion: Administration of low-dose ketamine for acute pain in the

关键词： Ketamine Acute Pain Emergency Department

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A new role for primary care teams in the United States after“Obamacare:”Track and improve health insurance coverage rates

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2016年第4期4卷 63-67页

作者： Jennifer DeVoe heather Angier megan Hoopes Rachel Gold Oregon Health and Science University PortlandORUSA OCHIN IncPortlandORUSA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research NorthwestRegion PortlandORUSA

Maintaining continuous health insurance coverage is *** recent expansions in access to coverage in the United States after“Obamacare,”primary care teams have a new role in helping to track and improve coverage rates and to provide outreach to *** describe efforts to longitudinally track health insurance rates using data from the electronic health record(EHR)of a primary care network and to use these data to support practice-based insurance outreach and *** we highlight a few examples from one network,we believe there is great potential for doing this type of work in a broad range of family medicine and community health clinics that provide continuity of *** partnering with researchers through practice-based research networks and other similar collaboratives,primary care practices can greatly expand the use of EHR data and EHR-based tools targeting improvements in health insurance and quality health care.

关键词： Insurance,health Affordable Care Act electronic health records

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Impact on dietary intake of a self-directed, gender-tailored diabetes prevention program in men

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第8期8卷 414-421页

作者： megan E Rollo Elroy J Aguiar Kirrilly M Pursey Philip J Morgan Ronald C Plotnikoff Myles D Young Clare E Collins Robin Callister Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Callaghan Department of Kinesiology School of Public Health and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Education Faculty of Education and Arts University of Newcastle Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle

AIMTo investigate changes in dietary intake following a 6-mo randomised controlled trial of the self-directed, gender-tailored type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Prevention Using LifeStyle Education (PULSE) program in men. METHODSMen aged 18-65 years, with a body mass index (BMI) 25-40 kg/m2, and at high risk for developing T2DM were recruited from the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. Eligible participants were randomised into one of two groups: (1) waitlist control; or (2) PULSE intervention. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and immediately post-program using the Australian Eating Survey food frequency questionnaire and diet quality measured using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS). RESULTSOne hundred and one participants (n = 48, control; n = 53, intervention, mean age 52.3 ± 9.7 years, BMI of 32.6 ± 3.3 kg/m2) commenced the study. Following the active phase, differences between groups were observed for proportion of total energy consumed from healthful (core) foods (+7.6%EI, P < 0.001), energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods (-7.6%EI, P < 0.001), sodium (-369 mg, P = 0.047), and diet quality (ARFS) (+4.3, P = 0.004), including sub-scales for fruit (+1.1, P = 0.03), meat (+0.9, P = 0.004) and non-meat protein (+0.5, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONThe PULSE prevention program’s nutrition messages led to significant improvements in dietary intake in men at risk of T2DM.

关键词： Dietary intake Diet quality Men Diabetes prevention program Self-directed

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