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Genotypic Divergence, Photosynthetic Efficiency, Sodium Extrusion, and Osmoprotectant Regulation Conferred Salt Tolerance in Sorghum

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第8期92卷 2349-2368页

作者： Ashaduzzaman Sagar md.Sabibul Haque md.Alamgir Hossain md.Nesar Uddin Jannat E.Tajkia md.Ashik Mia Toufika Hossain Shabi md.solaiman Ali Fakir md.Abdul Kader Walid Soufan md.Atikur Rahman Muhammad Aamir Iqbal Mohammad Sohidul Islam Ayman El Sabagh A.K.M.Zakir Hossain Department of Crop Botany Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Planning and Development Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear AgricultureMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Soil Science Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Agriculture and Food Technology Discipline School of AgricultureGeographyEnvironmentOcean and Natural SciencesUniversity of the South PacificSamoa Agriculture Discipline College of ScienceHealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityPerthWA 6150Australia Plant Production Department College of Food and AgricultureKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Grassland and Forage Division National Institute of Animal ScienceRural Development AdministrationCheonan31000Korea Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Poonch RawalakotRawalakot12350Pakistan Department of Agronomy Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology UniversityDinajpurBangladesh Faculty of Agriculture Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33516Egypt

Salt stress is one of the major limitations to modern agriculture that negatively inﬂuences plant growth and *** tolerant cultivar can provide excellent solution to enhance stress tolerance with plantﬁtness to unfavorable ***,this study was aimed to screen salt tolerant sorghum genotypes through evaluating of different morphological,biochemical,and physiological attributes in response to salinity *** this study,we have been evaluated total six sorghum genotypes including Hybrid sorgo,Debgiri,BD-703,BD-706,BD-707,and BD-725 under salt stress(12 dS m^(-1) NaCl).The response variables included length and weight of root and shoot,root:shoot ratio(RSR),photosynthesis(A),transpiration rate(E),elemental concen-trations(K^(+),Na^(+) and K^(+)/Na^(+)),photochemical efﬁciency of photosystem II(F_(v)/F_(m)),water use efﬁciency(WUE)and pigment content(chlorophyll a,and b).The results revealed that saline environment signiﬁcantly reduced all response variables under study of sorghum genotypes,however,Hybrid sorgo remained unmatched by recording the maximum root and shoot *** same genotype recorded higher photosynthetic efﬁciency which was attributed to Na^(+) extrusion,K^(+) uptake and higher K^(+)/Na^(+) ratio(1.8 at stress),while these mechanisms were not fully active in rest of ***,this study also implies the involvement of proline in imparting tolerance against saline environment in Hybrid sorgo ***,BD-703 remained the most salt sensitive genotype as evident from the minimum morphological growth traits and the least biosynthesis of ***ﬁndings open new research avenues for salt stress alleviation by identifying elite salt-to-lerant genotypes of sorghum for breeding programs.

关键词： Salinity tolerance sorghum photosynthesis proline ion accumulation genotypic variance

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Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： md Al Raihan C.Adam Dyker Department of Chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

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Regeneration mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular junctions in aging and diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 193-194页

作者： Masashi Fujitani Abu md Mamun Tarif Yoshinori Otani Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience Faculty of MedicineShimane UniversityShimaneJapan

The neuromuscular junction(NMJ)is an essential synaptic structure composed of motor neurons,skeletal muscles,and glial cells that orchestrate the critical process of muscle contraction(Li et al.,2018).The typical NMJ structure is classically described as having a“pretzel-like”shape in mice(Figure 1),whereas human NMJs have a smaller,fragmented structure throughout *** NMJs exhibit smaller or fragmented endplates,partial denervation,reduced numbers of synaptic vesicles,abnormal presynaptic mitochondria,and dysfunctional perisynaptic Schwann cells(Alhindi et al.,2022).

关键词： aging structure Figure

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Steel Surface Defect Detection Using Learnable Memory Vision Transformer

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 499-520页

作者： Syed Tasnimul Karim Ayon Farhan md.Siraj Jia Uddin Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC UniversityDhaka1212Bangladesh Department of AI and Big Data Endicott CollegeWoosong UniversityDaejeon34606Republic of Korea

This study investigates the application of Learnable Memory Vision Transformers(LMViT)for detecting metal surface flaws,comparing their performance with traditional CNNs,specifically ResNet18 and ResNet50,as well as other transformer-based models including Token to Token ViT,ViT withoutmemory,and Parallel *** awidely-used steel surface defect dataset,the research applies data augmentation and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-SNE)to enhance feature extraction and *** techniques mitigated overfitting,stabilized training,and improved generalization *** LMViT model achieved a test accuracy of 97.22%,significantly outperforming ResNet18(88.89%)and ResNet50(88.90%),aswell as the Token to TokenViT(88.46%),ViT without memory(87.18),and Parallel ViT(91.03%).Furthermore,LMViT exhibited superior training and validation performance,attaining a validation accuracy of 98.2%compared to 91.0%for ResNet 18,96.0%for ResNet50,and 89.12%,87.51%,and 91.21%for Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT,*** findings highlight the LMViT’s ability to capture long-range dependencies in images,an areawhere CNNs struggle due to their reliance on local receptive fields and hierarchical feature *** additional transformer-based models also demonstrate improved performance in capturing complex features over CNNs,with LMViT excelling particularly at detecting subtle and complex defects,which is critical for maintaining product quality and operational efficiency in industrial *** instance,the LMViT model successfully identified fine scratches and minor surface irregularities that CNNs often *** study not only demonstrates LMViT’s potential for real-world defect detection but also underscores the promise of other transformer-based architectures like Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT in industrial scenarios where complex spatial relationships are *** research m

关键词： Learnable Memory Vision Transformer(LMViT) Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) metal surface defect detection deep learning,computer vision image classification learnable memory gradient clipping label smoothing t-SNE visualization

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Ru/NiMnB spherical cluster pillar for highly proficient green hydrogen electrocatalyst at high current density

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 397-408页

作者： md Ahasan Habib Shusen Lin Mehedi Hasan Joni Sumiya Akter Dristy Rutuja Mandavkar Jae-Hun Jeong Jihoon Lee Department of Electronic Engineering College of Electronics and Information Kwangwoon University

Advanced OER/HER electrocatalytic alternatives are crucial for the wide adaptation of green hydrogen ***,Ru/NiMnB spherical cluster pillar （SCP）,denoted as Ru/NiMnB,is synthesized using a combination of electro-deposition and hydrothermal *** investigation of Ru doping in the NiMnB matrix revealed significant improvements in electrocatalytic *** Ru/NiMnB SCPs demonstrate superior OER/HER activity with low overpotentials of 150 and 103 mV at 50mA/cm2in 1 M KOH,making them highly competitive with state-of-the-art ***,the Ru/NiMnB SCPs exhibit a low 2-E cell voltage of 2.80 V at ultra-high current density of 2,000 m A/cm2in 1 M KOH,outperforming the standard benchmark electrodes of RuO2||Pt/C,thereby positioning Ru/NiMnB as one of the best bifunctional *** SCPs exhibit exceptional high-current characteristics,stability and corrosion resistance,as evidenced by continuous operation at 1,000 mA/cm2high-current density for over 150 h in 6 M KOH at elevated temperatures under harsh industrial *** a small amount of Ru incorporation significantly enhances the electrocatalytic performances of NiMnB,attributed to increased active sites and improved intrinsic properties such as conductivity,adsorption/desorption capability and reaction ***,Ru/NiMnB SCPs present a promising bi-functional electrode concept for efficient green H2production.

关键词： Potassium hydroxide

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Enhancing Septic Shock Detection through Interpretable Machine Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第12期141卷 2501-2525页

作者： md Mahfuzur Rahman md.solaiman Chowdhury Mohammad Shorfuzzaman Lutful Karim md Shafiullah Farag Azzedin Department of Information and Computer Science King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North South UniversityDhaka1229Bangladesh Department of Computer Science Taif UniversityTaif21974Saudi Arabia College of Applied Arts and Technology Seneca PolytechnicTorontoM2J 2X5Canada Department of Control&Instrumentation Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

This article presents an innovative approach that leverages interpretable machine learning models and cloud computing to accelerate the detection of septic shock by analyzing electronic health *** traditional methods,which often lack transparency in decision-making,our approach focuses on early detection,offering a proactive strategy to mitigate the risks of *** integrating advanced machine learning algorithms with interpretability techniques,our method not only provides accurate predictions but also offers clear insights into the factors influencing the model’s ***,we introduce a preference-based matching algorithm to evaluate disease severity,enabling timely interventions guided by the analysis *** innovative integration significantly enhances the effectiveness of our *** leverage a clinical health dataset comprising 1,552,210 Electronic Health Records(EHR)to train our interpretable machine learning models within a cloud computing *** techniques like feature importance analysis and model-agnostic interpretability tools,we aim to clarify the crucial indicators contributing to septic shock *** transparency not only assists healthcare professionals in comprehending the model’s predictions but also facilitates the integration of our system into existing clinical *** validate the effectiveness of our interpretable models using the same dataset,achieving an impressive accuracy rate exceeding 98%through the application of oversampling *** findings of this study hold significant implications for the advancement of more effective and transparent diagnostic tools in the critical domain of sepsis management.

关键词： Sepsis prediction machine learning cloud computing

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An Iterative Scheme of Arbitrary Odd Order and Its Basins of Attraction for Nonlinear Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1427-1444页

作者： Obadah Said solaiman Ishak Hashim Department of Mathematical Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi Selangor43600Malaysia

In this paper,we propose a fifth-order scheme for solving systems of nonlinear *** convergence analysis of the proposed technique is *** proposed method is generalized and extended to be of any odd order of the form 2n*** scheme is composed of three steps,of which the first two steps are based on the two-step Homeier’s method with cubic convergence,and the last is a Newton step with an appropriate approximation for the *** iteration of the presented method requires the evaluation of two functions,two Fréchet derivatives,and three matrix inversions.A comparison between the efficiency index and the computational efficiency index of the presented scheme with existing methods is *** basins of attraction of the proposed scheme illustrated and compared to other schemes of the same *** test problems including large systems of equations are considered to compare the performance of the proposed method according to other methods of the same *** an application,we apply the new scheme to some real-life problems,including the mixed Hammerstein integral equation and Burgers’*** and examples show that the presented method is efficient and comparable to the existing techniques of the same order.

关键词： System of nonlinear equations root finding method iterative method order of convergence Burgers’equation

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Concept Drift Analysis and Malware Attack Detection System Using Secure Adaptive Windowing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3743-3759页

作者： Emad Alsuwat Suhare solaiman Hatim Alsuwat Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif26571Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24382Saudi Arabia

Concept drift is a main security issue that has to be resolved since it presents a significant barrier to the deployment of machine learning(ML)*** to attackers’(and/or benign equivalents’)dynamic behavior changes,testing data distribution frequently diverges from original training data over time,resulting in substantial model *** to their dispersed and dynamic nature,distributed denial-of-service attacks pose a danger to cybersecurity,resulting in attacks with serious consequences for users and *** paper proposes a novel design for concept drift analysis and detection of malware attacks like Distributed Denial of Service(DDOS)in the *** goal of this architecture combination is to accurately represent data and create an effective cyber security prediction *** intrusion detection system and concept drift of the network has been analyzed using secure adaptive windowing with website data authentication protocol(SAW_WDA).The network has been analyzed by authentication protocol to avoid malware *** data of network users will be collected and classified using multilayer perceptron gradient decision tree(MLPGDT)*** on the classification output,the decision for the detection of attackers and authorized users will be *** experimental results show output based on intrusion detection and concept drift analysis systems in terms of throughput,end-end delay,network security,network concept drift,and results based on classification with regard to accuracy,memory,and precision and F-1 score.

关键词： Concept drift machine learning DDOS cyber security SAW_WDA MLPGDT

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Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Bangladeshi general population

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第6期7卷 595-600页

作者： Mamun-Al Mahtab Salimur Rahman md.Fazal Karim Mobin Khan Graham Foster Susannah solaiman Shahrin Afroz Department of Hepatology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Digestive Diseases Research Centre Bart's and the London Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry Department of Gastroenterology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

BACKGROUND:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)is encountered sporadically the year round in *** results in a wide range of liver diseases,with asymptomatic acute hepatitis at one end to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)at the other end of the spectrum. METHODS:All 1018 individuals of different age groups and sex with varied religious,educational and social backgrounds were tested for HBsAg by *** positive samples were further tested by ELISA for *** testing,blood samples were preserved at-20℃.The study was conducted in a semi-urban location on the outskirts of Dhaka. RESULTS:Of the 1018 individuals,5.5%tested positive for *** were tested positive for *** the HBsAg-positive population,58.93%were HBeAg- positive and the rest 41.07%*** was a male predominance and those who were tested positive were mostly between 16 and 50 years of *** risk factors for exposure to HBV appeared to be injudicious use of injectable medications,treatment by unqualified, traditional practitioners,mass-vaccination against cholera and smallpox,barbers and body piercing. CONCLUSION:HBV remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh and we have a long way to go before we may bid farewell to this deadly menace.

关键词： hepatitis B virus prevalence general population Banglandesh

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Dynamical Comparison of Several Third-Order Iterative Methods for Nonlinear Equations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1951-1962页

作者： Obadah Said solaiman Samsul Ariffin Abdul Karim Ishak Hashim Department of Mathematical Sciences Faculty of Science&TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi Selangor43600Malaysia Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Center for Smart Grid Energy Research(CSMER)Institute of Autonomous SystemUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri IskandarSeri IskandarPerak DR32610Malaysia

There are several ways that can be used to classify or compare iterative methods for nonlinear equations,for instance;order of convergence,informational efficiency,and efficiency *** this work,we use another way,namely the basins of attraction of the *** purpose of this study is to compare several iterative schemes for nonlinear *** the selected schemes are of the third-order of convergence and most of them have the same efficiency *** comparison depends on the basins of attraction of the iterative techniques when applied on several polynomials of different *** a comparison,we determine the CPU time(in seconds)needed by each scheme to obtain the basins of attraction,besides,we illustrate the area of convergence of these schemes by finding the number of convergent and divergent points in a selected range for all *** confirm the fact that basins of attraction differ for iterative methods of different orders,furthermore,they vary for iterative methods of the same order even if they have the same efficiency ***,this leads to the need for a new index that reflects the real efficiency of the iterative scheme instead of the commonly used efficiency index.

关键词： Nonlinear equations iterative methods basins of attraction order of convergence

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