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Thermal maturity evaluation using Raman spectroscopy for oil shale samples of USA:comparisons with vitrinite reflectance and pyrolysis methods

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Petroleum Science 2020年第3期17卷 567-581页

作者： md.0} Kibria Souvik Das Qin-Hong Hu Asish R.Basu Wen-Xuan Hu Subhadip Mandal Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Texas at Arlington500 Yates StreetArlingtonTX 76019USA Institute of Energy Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Integrated Reservoir Solutions Core LaboratoriesHoustonTX 77040USA

Thermal maturity is commonly assessed by various geochemical screening methods(e.g.,pyrolysis and organic petrology).In this contribution,we attempt to establish an alternative approach to estimating thermal maturity with Raman spectroscopy,using 24 North American oil shale samples with thermal maturity data generated by vitrinite reflectance(VRo%)and pyrolysis(Tmax)-based maturity calculation(VRe%).The representative shale samples are from the Haynesville(East Texas),Woodford(West Texas),Eagle Ford and Pearsall(South Texas)Formations,as well as Gothic,Mancos,and Niobrara Formation shales(all from Colorado).The Raman spectra of disordered carbonaceous matter(D1 and G bands separation)of these samples were directly obtained from the rock chips without prior sample *** the Gaussian and Lorentzian distribution approach,thermal maturities from VR were correlated with carbon G and *** found that the Raman band separation(RBS)displayed a better correlation for equivalent VRe%than vitrinite reflectance VRo%.The RBS(D1–G)distance versus total organic carbon,free hydrocarbons from thermal extraction(S1),and the remaining hydrocarbon generating potential(S2)indicate that the RBS(D1–G)distance is also related to kerogen *** presented here from three methods of maturity determination of shale demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy is a quick and valid approach to thermal maturity assessment.

关键词： US shale Raman spectroscopy Vitrinite reflectance Thermal maturity

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Antagonistic effect of early stage zinc on arsenic toxicity induced preterm birth during pregnancy:evidence from a rural Bangladesh birth cohort

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第5期134卷 619-621页

作者： Yong-Yue Wei Hui Huang Yan-Kai Xia Liang-Min Wei Xin Chen Ru-Yang Zhang Wei-Wei Duan Li Su Mohammad L.Rahman Mahmudur Rahman md.golam Mostofa Quazi Qamruzzaman Wen-Hui Guo Xian Sun Hao Yu Hong-Bing Shen Zhi-Bin Hu David CChristiani Feng Chen State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health Center of Global HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Department of Biostatistics School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Harvard Medical School Department of Population Medicine and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care InstituteBostonMA 02115USA Dhaka Community Hospital Trust DhakaBangladesh Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

To the Editor:Preterm birth(PTB),defined as livebirth before 37 completed weeks of gestation,is associated with a high degree of immaturity of various organs,and thus are at greater *** a range of short-term and long-term comorbidities.[1]The estimated PTB prevalence in Bangladesh,already among the highest at 19.1%,[2] is even higher in rural areas in Bangladesh,[3]posing a significant economic and emotional burden to these families and the country.

关键词： organs birth maturity

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