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Central nervous system tumors and three-dimensional cell biology: Current and future perspectives in modeling

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第8期13卷 1112-1126页

作者： Zaki Abou-mrad Jolie Bou Gharios maya m moubarak Ahmad Chalhoub Charbel moussalem Hisham F Bahmad Wassim Abou-Kheir Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon Division of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon Arkadi m.Rywlin m.D.Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami BeachFL 33140United States

Central nervous system(CNS)tumors are a variety of distinct neoplasms that present multiple challenges in terms of treatment and ***,the most common primary tumor in adults,is associated with poor survival and remains one of the least treatable *** tumors are highly heterogenous and complex in their *** to this complexity,traditional cell culturing techniques and methods do not provide an ideal recapitulating model for the study of these tumors’behavior in ***-dimensional models lack the spatial arrangement,the heterogeneity in cell types,and the microenvironment that play a large role in tumor cell behavior and response to ***,scientists have turned towards three-dimensional culturing methods,namely spheroids and organoids,as they have been shown to recapitulate tumors in a more faithful manner to their in vivo ***,tumor-on-a-chip systems have lately been employed in CNS tumor modeling and have shown great potential in both studying the pathophysiology and therapeutic *** this review,we will discuss the current available literature on in vitro threedimensional culturing models in CNS tumors,in addition to presenting their advantages and current *** will also elaborate on the future implications of these models and their benefit in the clinical setting.

关键词： Central nervous system tumors Glioblastoma Three-dimensional modelling Spheroids Organoids

Consistent differences in foraging behavior in 2 sympatric harvester ant species may facilitate coexistence

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 653-661页

作者： maya SAAR Aziz SUBACH Illan REATO Tal LIBER Jonathan N. PRUlTT Inon SCHARF Department of Zoology Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel and bDepartment of Ecology Evolution marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

The co-occurrence of 2 similar species depends on their ability to occupy different ecological niches. Here, we compared the consistency of different aspects of foraging behavior in 2 cooccurring harvester ant species （messor ebeninus and messor arenarius）, under field conditions. The 2 species are active concomitantly and display a similar diet, but m. arenarius features smaller colonies, larger workers on average, and a broader range of foraging strategies than m. ebeninus. We characterized the flora in the 2 species＇ natural habitat, and detected a nesting preference by m. arenarius for more open, vegetation-free microhabitats than those preferred by m. ebeninus. Next, we tested the food preference of foraging colonies by presenting 3 non-native seed types. messor arenarius was more selective in its food choice. Colonies were then offered 1 type of seeds over 3 days in different spatial arrangements from the nest entrance （e.g., a seed plate close to the nest entrance, a seed plate blocked by an obstacle, or 3 plates placed at increasing distances from the nest entrance）. While both species were consistent in their foraging behavior, expressed as seed collection, under different treatments over time, m. ebeninus was more consistent than m. arenarius. These differences between the species may be expxained by their different colony size, worker size, and range of foraging strategies, among other factors. We suggest that the differences in foraging, such as in food preference and behavioral consistency while foraging, could contribute to the co-occurrence of these 2 species in a similar habitat.

关键词： behavioral consistency coexistence mechanisms foraging harvester ants plant-ant interactions.

Coyote(Canis latrans)in South America:potential routes of colonization

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 471-481页

作者： Octavio mONROY-VILCHIS JoséF.GONZÁLEZ-maya Ángel BALBUENA-SERRANO Fausto ELVIR martha m.ZARCO-GONZÁLEZ Clarita RODRÍGUEZ-SOTO Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas Aplicadas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MéxicoInstituto Literario 100TolucaMéxico50000México Instituto de Ecología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCoyoacánMéxico The Sierra to Sea Institute and ProCAT Colombia Las AlturasCoto BrusPuntarenasCosta Rica Fundación Investigación en Ciencias para el Estudio y Conservación de la Biodiversidad Instituto de Ciencia para el Estudio y Conservación de la Biodiversidadfrente a la Escuela República de JapónTegucigalpaHonduras Facultad de Geografía Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MéxicoInstituto Literario 100TolucaMéxico50000México

During the last century,the coyote(Canis latrans)has increased its distribution in Central *** the 1980s,it had not been recorded in *** records show that coyotes have crossed the Panama Canal,indicating that continues to expand;therefore,there is a possibility that it will reach northern South *** objectives were to identify potential coyote colonization routes to South America,and the variables that favor its *** hypothesized that habitat fragmentation benefits coyote *** applied 7 algorithms to model the potential distribution of the coyote,using 196 presence records and 12 *** models with better performance were used to generate a consensus *** our consensus model and the areas with highest probability of presence,a potential colonization route was generated between Central America and northern South *** route lies through southern Costa Rica,along the Pacific coast of Panama to the south,to the Andean mountains in northern *** variables that explained potential coyote distribution were human population density,altitude,and percentage of crops with positive influence,and tropical broadleaf forests with negative *** results indicate that human activities and deforestation are related to coyote distribution *** can be implemented within the identified route to improve environmental management,in order to avoid the presence of the coyote in the ecosystems of northern South America.

关键词： Canis latrans carnivore distribution expansion invasive management species distribution model

Landscape genetics reveals inbreeding and genetic bottlenecks in the extremely rare short-globose cacti mammillaria pectinifera (Cactaceae) as a result of habitat fragmentation

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Plant Diversity 2017年第1期39卷 13-19页

作者： Reyna maya-Garcia Santiago Arizaga Pablo Cuevas-Reyes Juan manuel Penaloza-Ramirez Victor Rocha Ramirez Ken Oyama Facultad de Biologia Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo Mexico Escuela Nacional-de Estudios Superiores Unidad morelia UNAM Antigua Carretera a Pdtzcuaro 8701 Colonia Ex-Hacienda de SanJose de la Huerta58190 Morelia Michoacan Mexico

mammillaria pectinifera is an endemic, short-globose cactus species, included in the IUCN list as a threatened species with only 18 remaining populations in the Tehuacfin-Cuicatlan Valley in central mexico. We evaluated the population genetic diversity and structure, connectivity, recent bottlenecks and population size, using nuclear microsatellites. m. pectinifera showed high genetic diversity but some evidence of heterozygote deficiency （F15）, recent bottlenecks in some populations and reductions in population size. Also, we found low population genetic differentiation and high values of connectivity for m. pectinifera, as the result of historical events of gene flow through pollen and seed dispersal. m. pectinifera occurs in sites with some degree of disturbance leading to the isolation of its populations and decreasing the levels of gene flow among them. Excessive deforestation also changes the original vegetation damaging the natural habitats. This species will become extinct if it is not properly preserved. Furthermore, this species has some ecological features that make them more vulnerable to disturbance such as a very low growth rates and long life cycles. We suggest in situ conservation to prevent the decrease of population sizes and loss of genetic diversity in the natural protected areas such as the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan Biosphere Reserve. In addition, a long-term ex situ conservation program is need to construct seed banks, and optimize seed germination and plant establishment protocols that restore disturbed habitats. Furthermore, creating a supply of living plants for trade is critical to avoid further extraction of plants from nature.

关键词： mammiUaria pectiniferaNuclear SSRGenetic diversityRecent bottlenecksEffective population size

Impact of Helicobacter pylori virulence markers on clinical outcomes in adult populations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第1期29卷 190-199页

作者： Halim Roshrosh Hanan Rohana maya Azrad Tamar Leshem Segula masaphy Avi Peretz Applied mycology and microbiology MigalKiryat Shemona 1101202Israel Department of microbiology Padeh Poriya Medical CenterTiberias 111508Israel

BACKGROUND In recent years,associations between specific virulence markers of Helicobacter pylori(***)and gastrointestinal disorders have been *** To investigate the presence of virulence factors including vacuolating cytotoxin A genotypes(s1m1,s1m2,s2m1,and s2m2),cytotoxin-associated gene A(CagA),and urease activity in *** strains isolated from Arab and Jewish populations in northern Israel and to assess associations between these factors and patients’demographics and clinical *** Patients(n=108)who underwent gastroscopy at the Baruch Padeh medical Center,Poriya due to symptomatic gastroduodenal pathologies as part of *** diagnosis were enrolled in the *** biopsy specimens were collected from the antrum of the *** condition was assessed by clinical pathology *** were isolated on modified BD Helicobacter Agar(BD Diagnostics,Sparks,mD,United States).Bacterial DNA was extracted,and PCR was performed to detect CagA and vacuolating cytotoxin A *** activity was assessed using a rapid urease *** A significant correlation was found between disease severity and patient ethnicity(P=0.002).A significant correlation was found between CagA presence and the s1m1 genotype(P=0.02),which is considered the most virulent ***,a higher level of urease activity was associated with isolates originating from the Jewish ***,higher urease activity levels were measured among CagA-/s1m1 and CagA-/s2m2 *** Our study highlights the importance of incorporating molecular methods for detection of virulence markers of *** in order to tailor optimal treatments for each *** investigation should be performed regarding associations between *** virulence factors and ethnicity.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Virulence factors Vacuolating cytotoxin A Cytotoxin-associated gene A Urease activity

Non-responsive celiac disease in children on a gluten free diet

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第13期27卷 1311-1320页

作者： Gopal Veeraraghavan Amelie Therrien maya Degroote Allison mcKeown Paul D mitchell Jocelyn A Silvester Daniel A Leffler Alan m Leichtner Ciaran P Kelly Dascha C Weir Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionBoston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States The Celiac Center Department of Medicine and Division of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMA 02215United States Celiac Research Program Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research Boston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Gastrointestinal Therapeutics Takeda Pharmaceutical International CoCambridgeMA 02139United States

BACKGROUND Non-responsive celiac disease(NRCD) is defined as the persistence of symptoms in individuals with celiac disease(CeD) despite being on a gluten-free diet(GFD). There is scant literature about NRCD in the pediatric *** To determine the incidence, clinical characteristics and underlying causes of NRCD in *** Retrospective cohort study performed at Boston Children’s Hospital(BCH). Children mpatible with marsh Ⅲ histology between 2008 and 2012 were identified in the BCH’s Celiac Disease Program database. medical records were longitudinally reviewed from the time of diagnosis through September 2015. NRCD was defined as persistent symptoms at 6 mo after the initiation of a GFD and causes of NRCD as well as symptom evolution were detailed. The children without symptoms at 6 mo(responders) were compared with the NRCD group. Additionally, presenting signs and symptoms at the time of diagnosis of CeD among the responders and NRCD patients were collected and compared to identify any potential predictors for NRCD at 6 mo of GFD *** Six hundred and sixteen children were included. Ninety-one(15%) met criteria for NRCD. most were female(77%). Abdominal pain [odds ratio(OR) 1.8 95% confidence interval(CI) 1.1-2.9], constipation(OR 3.1 95%CI 1.9-4.9) and absence of abdominal distension(OR for abdominal distension 0.4 95%CI 0.1-0.98) at diagnosis were associated with NRCD. NRCD was attributed to a wide variety of diagnoses with gluten exposure(30%) and constipation(20%) being the most common causes. Other causes for NRCD included lactose intolerance(9%), gastroesophageal reflux(8%), functional abdominal pain(7%), irritable bowel syndrome(3%), depression/anxiety(3%), eosinophilic esophagitis(2%), food allergy(1%), eating disorder(1%), gastric ulcer with Helicobacter pylori(1%), lymphocytic colitis(1%), aerophagia(1%) and undetermined(13%). 64% of children with NRCD

关键词： Celiac disease Non-responsive celiac disease Children Gluten-free diet Constipation Abdominal pain

Role of cerebral digital subtraction angiography in the evaluation of pulse synchronous tinnitus

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Journal of Otology 2021年第4期16卷 225-230页

作者： Gregory P.Lekovic Zachary R.Barnard Adam master b Gautam U.mehta m.marcel maya Eric P.Wilkinson Department of Neurosurgery Cedars-Sinai Medical Center127 S San Vicente BlvdLos AngelesCA90048United States Division of Neurosurgery House Institute2100 West 3rd StreetLos AngelesCA90057United States Division of Neurotology House Institute2100 West 3rd StreetLos AngelesCA90057United States Department of Imaging Cedars-Sinai Medical Center127 S San Vicente BlvdLos AngelesCA90048United States

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in thediagnostic evaluation of a highly selected patient population presenting with pulse-synchronous tinnitus(PST).methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients referred for evaluation of possiblevascular etiology of pulsatile tinnitus. Patients were evaluated with regards to presenting signs,comorbidities, non-invasive imaging results, angiographic findings and ***: Fifteen patients underwent cerebral DSA. Dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) was identified in sixpatients, and five patients had other significant vascular pathology identified on DSA. Seven patientswith ‘negative’ non-invasive imaging were found to have significant pathology on ***: Catheter angiography may have a significant yield in appropriately selected patients presenting with pulse synchronous tinnitus.

关键词： Pulse-synchronous tinnitus Transverse-sigmoid arteriovenous fistula Vascular tinnitus Cerebral angiography

Effects of omega-3 supplementation on components of the endocannabinoid system and metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose and liver of peripartum dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第1期14卷 378-389页

作者： Gitit Kra Jayasimha Rayalu Daddam Uzi moallem Hadar Kamer Radka Kočvarova Alina Nemirovski GAndres Contreras Joseph Tam maya Zachut Department of Ruminant Science Institute of Animal SciencesARO Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael. Department of Animal Science The Robert H.Smith Faculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael. Obesity and metabolism Laboratory The Institute for Drug ResearchSchool of PharmacyFaculty of MedicineThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael. Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA.

Background:Dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the activation of the endocannabinoid system(ECS)by decreasing the availability of arachidonic acid,thus lowering endocannabinoids(e CBs)*** ECS is a modulator of energy metabolism,stress response and inflammation in mammals,yet there is little information on the roles of the ECS in transition dairy *** the periparturient period,the adipose tissue and liver are the main metabolic organs that participate in the adaptations of dairy cows to onset of lactation;however,exceeded adipose tissue lipolysis and accumulation of lipids in the liver have adverse effects on cows'*** we aimed to examine whether omega-3 supplementation during the transition period will modulate ECS activation and affect metabolic and inflammatory indices in postpartum dairy cows,by supplementing twenty-eight transition Holstein dairy cows with either saturated fat(CTL)or encapsulated flaxseed oil(FLX).Components of the ECS,metabolic and inflammatory markers were measured in blood,liver,and subcutaneous adipose ***:FLX supplementation reduced feed intake by 8.1%(Pma levels of arachidonic acid(by 44.2%;P=0.02)and anandamide(by 49.7%;P=0.03)postpartum compared to *** m RNA transcription levels of the cannabinoid receptor 1(CNR1/CB1)tended to be lower(2.5 folds)in white blood cells of FLX than in CTL(P=0.10),and protein abundance of ECS enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase was higher in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of FLX than in CTL(P=0.04).In adipose tissue,palmitoylethanolamide levels were lower in FLX than in CTL(by 61.5%;P=0.02),relative m RNA transcription of lipogenic genes were higher,and the protein abundance of cannabinoid receptor 2(P=0.08)and monoacylglycerol lipase(P=0.10)tended to be higher in FLX compared to *** 2-arachidonoylglycerol tended to be higher(by 73.1%;P=0.07),and interlukin-6 m RNA transcription level was 1.5 folds lower in liver of FLX

关键词： Adipose Dairy cows Endocannabinoid system Liver Omega-3

Baird’s tapir density in high elevation forests of the Talamanca region of Costa Rica

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 381-388页

作者： JoséF.GONZÁLEZ-maya Jan SCHIPPER Beth POLIDORO Annelie HOEPKER Diego ZÁRRATE-CHARRY Jerrold L.BELANT Sierra to Sea Institute ProCAT Internacional/ColombiaLas AlturasCoto BrusPuntarenasCosta Rica Instituto de Ecología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(IE-UNAM)Ciudad UniversitariaDFMexico Carnivore Ecology Laboratory Forest and Wildlife Research CenterMississippi State UniversityMississippiUSA Big Island Invasive Species Committee University of HawaiiHiloHawaiiUSA Old Dominion University NorfolkVirginiaUSA

Baird’s tapir(Tapirus bairdii)is currently endangered throughout its neotropical range with an expected popula--lished in Valle del Silencio within Parque Internacional La Amistad(PILA).Seventy-seven tapir pictures of 15 individuals comprising 25 capture-recapture events were analyzed using mark-recapture *** 100%minimum convex polygon of the sampled area was 5.7 km2 and the effective sampled area using half mean max-imum distances moved by tapirs was 7.16 *** estimated a tapir density of 2.93 individuals/km2 which rep-resents the highest density reported for this *** valleys can represent unique and important habitats for large mammal ***,the extent of isolation of this population,potentially constrained by steep slopes of the cordillera,remains *** genetic and movement studies are required to un-derstand meta-population dynamics and connectivity between lowland and highland areas for Baird’s tapir con-servation in Costa Rica.

关键词： camera trap capture Central America populations tapir