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作者： maxwell Nti 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

包括中国在内,世界上大多数国家的农村,其经济贫困状态令人震惊和唏嘘。农村地区存在一些特有问题,如:收入低、生产力低、失业率高、人口率高、技术落后、基础设施不足、文盲率高、营养不良等。本研究旨在探索中国农民创业者对农村公共... 详细信息

包括中国在内,世界上大多数国家的农村,其经济贫困状态令人震惊和唏嘘。农村地区存在一些特有问题,如:收入低、生产力低、失业率高、人口率高、技术落后、基础设施不足、文盲率高、营养不良等。本研究旨在探索中国农民创业者对农村公共产品的供给情况。研究采用中国连云港地区235位农民创业者的样本数据,并通过SPSS和Smart PLS软件进行结构方程建模分析。本研究的创新之处在于提出了:公共产品的供给状况取决于农民创业者的效用、能力和行为意向,为进一步理解农民创业者做出了理论贡献。不同于其他研究单独看待或讨论这些因素,本研究将这三个因素视为在理解农民创业者供给公共产品方面的相互补充。农民创业者必须具备人力、财力、物力和其他方面的能力,才能成功地为村庄提供公共物品。农民创业者对村庄公共品供给的期望效用可以理解为农民创业者向农村社区提供公共品时所期望获得的心理满足程度。那些推动创业活动的公共产品往往更受农民创业者的青睐。因此,农民创业者会试图提供他们感兴趣或能通过这一行为获利的公共产品,在那些农民创业者无法及时得到慈善行为回报的地方,不论该地区对公共品的需求有多少,他们都可能会视而不见,不愿为那些村庄提供援助。计划行为理论揭示了农民创业者提供公共物品的行为意图。一个人可能强烈地渴望执行某种行为,但却缺乏必要的机会或资源。例如,有意提供公共产品的农民创业者必须具备一定的能力,如知识、技能、能力、信息、时间、金钱、设备和他人的合作等,才能真正实施理论上的各种行为。本文发现,农民创业者更愿意免费提供公共产品帮助消除农村贫困,为农村居民提供更好生活。农民创业者想要为农村发展作出贡献的部分原因可能与家乡情感、商业发展和名望有关。同时,本研究还显示农民创业者提供的部分物品包括公路、桥梁、学校、路灯、农田水利设施、农业技术服务、医疗用房和饮用水设施等。此外,关于农村公共物品供给对农村减贫的影响的研究结果表明,农村公共产品供给对农村减贫具有积极作用,公共产品供给为农村社区带来了以下好处;村民的思想越来越开放、休闲活动越来越丰富,更多的孩子得以接受教育,村民家庭收入得以增加,村里医疗设施的可用性增大,村民自主创业增多,村办企业资金实力日益增长等。此外,研究结果表明农民创业、资源、能力回报与声誉回报之间存在一种直接、正向关系,农民创业对资源和能力回报具有显著的正向影响(β=0.197,p<0.05);农民创业者对声誉回报有显著的正向影响(β=0.129,p<0.05);资源和能力回报与公共品供给呈显著正相关(β=0.184,p<0.05);声誉回报与公共品供给呈显著正相关(β=0.160,p<0.05);社会文化制度、家庭关系和公共品特性等其他因素被视为创业者在提供公共品方面发挥作用的调节作用。研究结论还表明,私营企业参与可以拓宽对弱势或特殊人群的救助方案,提供更安全的工作场所,促进非歧视性就业政策的实施,支持低信贷准入,促进低成本住房投资等。

关键词：农民创业创业者能力私营企业公共品供给连云港

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Deep structure of the Longling-Ruili fault underneath Ruili basin near the eastern Himalayan syntaxis:insights from magnetotelluric imaging

Deep structure of the Longling-Ruili fault underneath Ruili ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2003学术年会

作者： maxwell A.Meju Department of Environmental Science Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA1 4YWUK

Magnetotelluric(MT) geophysical profiling has been applied to the determination of the deep structure of the Longling-Ruili fault(LRF),part of a convergent strike-slip fault system,underneath thick caenozoic cover in Ruili basin in southwestern Yunnan,*** recorded MT data have been inverted using a two-dimensional(2-D) nonlinear conjugate gradients scheme with a variety of smooth starting models,and the resulting models show common subsurface conductivity structures that are deemed geological *** models show the presence of a conductive(5-60Ωm) cover sequence mat is thickest(1 - 1.5 km) in the centre of the basin and rapidly pinches out towards the margins.A half-graben structure is interpreted for the Ruili *** is underlain by about 7-10 km thick upper crustal layer of high resistivity(>200-4000Ωm) that is dissected by steep faults,which we interpret to flatten at depth and root into an underlying mid-crustal conductive layer at about 10 km *** mid-crustal layer does not appear to have been severely affected by faulting;we interpret it as a zone of partial melt or intracrustal detachment The MT models suggest SE directed thrusting of basement rocks in the *** Longling-Ruili fault is interpreted as a NW-dipping feature bounding one of the identified upper crustal fragments underneath Ruili *** suggest that MT imaging is a potent tool for deep subsurface mapping in this terrain.

关键词： Strike-slip fault Seismic hazards Ramp basin Structure Magnetotelluric imaging Partial melt

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Prevalence of Unsatisfactory Pap Smear and Associated clinical History and Diagnosis in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Ghana

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2019年第6期12卷 311-321页

作者： maxwell Hubert Antwi Seth christopher Yaw Appiah Department of Molecular Medicine School of Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Sociology and Social Work Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana centre for International Health (cIH) University of Munich Medical School Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitate of Munchen Munchen Germany

Background: A major limitation of cervical cytology is the unsuitability of proportion of smears submitted for analysis and for cytological assessment (unsatisfactory). This study examines the prevalence of unsatisfactory Pap smear, clinical history and diagnosis in the Department of Pathology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Ghana. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 15,290 cases spanning 12 years (2005-2016) was carried out at the cytology unit of the Pathology Department of the KBTH. Out of the 15,290 Pap smear records retrieved, 2347 reports were excluded leaving 12,943 for the study. All unsatisfactory smear cases were analyzed and categorized using the Bethesda 2001 System. Results are presented using descriptive statistics. Results: The overall prevalence of unsatisfactory Pap smear was 402 (3.1%). Routine screening smear accounted for 115 (0.9%);reports without clinical history and diagnosis gave 21 (0.2%) and cases with clinical history and diagnosis were 287 (2.2%). The common cause of unsatisfactory Pap smear was scanty cellularity 222 (1.72%). Patient’s history accounted for the least cause of unsatisfactory Pap smear 2 (0.02%). conclusion: Pap smear results reported as unsatisfactory could harbor cancer malignancy. Samples should be taken by well-trained persons.

关键词： Pap Smear Unsatisfactory Bethesda System Malignancy Ghana

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内部控制型忆阻调制电路及其在电力线通信中的应用

内部控制型忆阻调制电路及其在电力线通信中的应用

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作者： maxwell chiemeka Loveth 中国矿业大学

学位级别：硕士

电力线通信(PLc)是一种与电网同时期发展的古老通信系统。电力线通信系统具备更广阔的应用范围,比无线通信更低的价格以及多种信号传输方式等优点。然而,该通信系统受到许多因素的制约,如噪声和阻抗不匹配。为抑制这些问题,科研工作者... 详细信息

电力线通信(PLc)是一种与电网同时期发展的古老通信系统。电力线通信系统具备更广阔的应用范围,比无线通信更低的价格以及多种信号传输方式等优点。然而,该通信系统受到许多因素的制约,如噪声和阻抗不匹配。为抑制这些问题,科研工作者探索了许多技术和调制策略。幅移键控(ASK)是一种非常简单的调制技术,尽管它有许多缺点,但还是被广泛应用于通信领域。本论文采用ASK,构建了一个电力线通信系统。论文中另一个研究方向是忆阻,它是一种非线性电气元件,其阻值随着两端的电气变量的变化历史而变化。忆阻在其他领域也有应用,如神经模拟和数据信号处理电路。忆阻暂时还没有被商用,因此许多学者采用有源器件去构建忆阻模拟器。这些忆阻模拟器受制于其工作频率范围,因此,也限制了其潜在的应用范围。另外,它还需要用来控制忆阻阻值的额外的控制电路。本文探索了一种浮地型忆阻模拟器,并分析了其工作频率范围。通过改变忆阻模拟器的参数值,其频率范围可被扩展。另外,当频率为100k Hz时,通过调节模拟器参数,也不能观察到作为忆阻判据的紧磁滞回线。为控制忆阻模拟器,直流信号被加载到一个周期信号上。通过判断直流信号的极性,该忆阻模拟器可被用来维持固定的二值忆阻值。对忆阻模拟器行为的研究对忆阻的其他应用有所启发和指导。忆阻模拟器的开关特性被用来设计一个基于内部控制型浮地忆阻模拟器的ASK调制器。一个二值数据信号被解调为载波信号,接着被预处理器转换成双极性信号。当忆阻模拟器的控制信号被插入到ASK调制器中时,该双极性信号是一种非常好的控制信号。用于ASK调制器的忆阻模拟器被用到电力线通信系统中。不需要阻抗匹配变换器的耦合电路被设计,并被用来在电力线通信中与ASK调制解调器耦合。通过分析解调器的信号输出,可以分析设计PLc系统的性能。对于100Hz和500Hz的低速率信号,无论有无电能信号,系统均展现出良好的数据传输特性。然而,对于1k Hz的数据信号,系统性能会变差,并且在解调输出端可以观察到数据丢失。通过PSPIcE仿真模拟和搭建实验电路验证,采用ORIGIN软件,仿真实验数据被画出,结果一致。论文第一章介绍了忆阻和电力线通信的背景。第二章讨论并分析了忆阻模拟器电路。第三章讨论了内部控制型浮地忆阻模拟器。第四章采用忆阻的电力线通信系统被设计并被分析。第五章为总结部分。

关键词：幅移键控高通滤波器浮地型忆阻模拟器电力线通信

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Decoupling species richness variation and spatial turnover in beta diversity across a fragmented landscape

Decoupling species richness variation and spatial turnover i...

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第七届浙江省生物多样性保护研讨会

作者： Guang Hu maxwell c.Wilson Jianguo Wu Jingjing Yu Mingjian Yu Department of Landscape Architecture School of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang Sci-Tech University School of Life Sciences Arizona State University School of Sustainability Arizona State University college of Life Sciences Zhejiang University

How habitat fragmentation affects the relationship between local richness and the variation in community structure across space is important to both ecology and conservation biology,but has rarely been *** we present an empirical study to address this topic in a fragmented landscape,Thousand Island Lake,an artificial land-bridge island system with more than 1000 islands,which provides an "experimental" fragmented landscape with homogeneous matrix and synchronous successional *** composition and plant functional type were measured across 29 *** tested the effects of island area and isolation on the relationship between α-and β-*** partitioning was used to decouple α-diversity variation and α-independent spatial turnover in β-*** found the variation in species richness,not spatial turnover,drove the variation in community *** also found that area affected both α-and β-diversity,but did not change theα-independent spatial *** filtering and responses of plant functional types were the underlying driving *** plant communities within the Thousand Island Lake system,habitat fragmentation influences β-diversity by modifying local α-diversity,not spatial *** results highlight the importance of hierarchical linkages between components of biodiversity across scales in fragmented landscapes,and have practical conservation implications.

关键词： Area effect Environmental filtering Isolation Land-bridge islands Plant functional type Thousand Island Lake

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Photochemical Oxidation of Amino-porphyrins: Synthesis of π-Extended Porphyrins for Studies of Photosynthesis and for Photon Upconversion

Photochemical Oxidation of Amino-porphyrins: Synthesis of π...

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第十三届全国光化学学术讨论会

作者： maxwell J.cROSSLEY The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

＜正＞Porphyrinoids are used in nature in key compounds, such as haem, the chlorophylls and the cytochromes, and in important processes, such as photosynthesis, that make use of the outstanding light-harvesting and energy transfer, photo-induced electron transfer, redox and ligand binding properties of the macrocycle. In many cases porphyrin arrays are used and the complex systems are self-assembled and held together by secondary interactions rather than by covalent bonds.

关键词： Porphyrin Photo-oxidation Diones Functionalization

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Reduction of mitomycin c resistance in human bladder cancer T24 cells by knocking-down ras oncogene

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cancer Drug Resistance 2018年第1期1卷 59-71页

作者： Osama Sharaf Eldin Abdel-Motaal Fouda Amany R.Youssef Peter Hamilton Perry maxwell Kate E.Williamson Weston General Hospital Weston-super-Mare BS234TQUK Faculty of Medicine Mansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt centre for cancer Research and cell Biology Queen's UniversityBelfast BT97AEUK

Aim:Mitomycin c(MMc)is a commonly used as intravesical treatment for superficial bladder ***,its role in combination with ras inhibition has not been *** aim of this study was to explore the role of ras in MMc-induced apoptosis in T24 bladder cancer cells and to determine the efficacy of combination therapy in ***:We measured the effects of various doses of MMc on apoptosis induction as well as on ras,ERK and Ki-67 protein expression by T24 cell line using immunocytochemistry,flow cytometry and Western *** also tested the effect of siRNA on ras employed singly or in combination with ***:T24 cells expressed high level of ras *** treatment increased the level of ras and ERK protein expression after 24 h,and decreased these levels after 72 *** siRNA(100 nmol/L)caused massive apoptosis associated with a marked decrease in ras expression in T24 *** combined with low doses of MMc,ras siRNA(50 nmol/L)sensitized T24 cells to apoptosis and decreased their expression of *** effect of combined therapy was higher than that of either compound used *** levels of ERK,a downstream target of ras,declined following combination ***:Ras siRNA in combination with low dose MMc is a possible treatment strategy for patients with ras-positive bladder tumors.

关键词： Mitomycin c ras oncogene T24 cells bladder cancer siRNA

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Intrinsically reinforced silks obtained by incorporation of graphene quantum dots into silkworms

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Science china Materials 2019年第2期62卷 245-255页

作者： Lin Ma maxwell Akologo Akurugu Vivian Andoh Haiyan Liu Jiangchao Song Guohua Wu Long Li college of Biotechnology Jiangsu University of Science and Technology The Sericultural Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Sericultural Products and Edible Insects Ministry of Agriculture Department of tea and food technology Jiangsu Polytechnic College Agriculture and Forestry

Silkworm silks have been widely used in a variety of fields due to their sensuousness, luster and excellent mechanical properties. Researchers have paid special attention in improving the mechanical properties of silks. In this work,Bombyx mori larval silkworms are injected with graphene quantum dots(GQDs) through a vascular injection to enhance mechanical properties of the silkworm silks. The GQDs can be incorporated into the silkworm silk gland easily due to hemolymph circulation and influence the spinning process of silkworm. The breaking strength, elongation at break and toughness modulus of the silks increase by 2.74, 1.33 and 3.62 times, respectively, by injecting per individual with 0.6 μg GQDs. Wide-angle X-ray scattering indicates that the size ofβ-sheet nanocrystals in GQDs-silks is smaller than that in control-silks. Infrared spectra suggest that GQDs confine the conformation transition of silk fibroin to β-sheet from random coil/α-helix, and the change of the size and content of β-sheet may be the reason for the improvement of the mechanical properties. The toxicity and safety limit of GQDs incorporated into each silkworm is also evaluated, and the results show that the upmost dose of GQDs per silkworm is30.0 μg. The successful obtainment of reinforced silks by in vivo uptake of GQDs provides a promising route to produce high-strength silks.

关键词： silkworm silks graphene quantum dots decrease of β-sheets enhanced mechanical properties

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东亚地区癌症负担和预防策略

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肿瘤 2008年第5期28卷 410-414页

作者：蔡琳 GOLDSTEIN Binh Yang PARKIN Donald maxwell 张作风福建医科大学流行病学教研室福州350004 美国加利福尼亚州大学洛杉矶分校公共卫生学院流行病学系 CA90095 牛津大学Radcliffe医院临床试验与流行病学研究室 Oxford OX2 6HE英国

目的:探讨东亚地区当前的癌症负担、危险因素、预防和控制策略。方法:应用全球癌症数据库和5大洲癌症发病资料,利用发病率、死亡率和患病率指标估计东亚地区的癌症负担,分析主要癌症的预防策略。结果:东亚地区癌症的年新发病例数为280万... 详细信息

目的:探讨东亚地区当前的癌症负担、危险因素、预防和控制策略。方法:应用全球癌症数据库和5大洲癌症发病资料,利用发病率、死亡率和患病率指标估计东亚地区的癌症负担,分析主要癌症的预防策略。结果:东亚地区癌症的年新发病例数为280万,死亡病例200多万,现患病例490万。最常见的5种癌症是胃癌、肺癌、肝癌、食管癌和结直肠癌,占东亚地区癌症年新发病例数的68%(分别占癌症年新发病例数的18.7%、16.9%、14.2%、9.4%和9.1%)。预计2050年的癌症新发病例数将达600万,死亡病例450万。结论:癌症是目前和今后东亚地区面临的严重公共卫生问题,必须贯彻以预防为主的方针。

关键词：肿瘤患病代价危险因素综合预防远东

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Assessment of clinical dehydration using point of care ultrasound for pediatric patients in rural Panama

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第1期10卷 46-50页

作者： Genevieve Mazza carina Mireles Romo Marlene Torres Ali Duffens Annasha Vyas Katherine Moran Joshua Livingston Savannah Gonzales Shadi Lahham Inna Shniter maxwell Thompson John christian Fox School of Medicine University of California Irvine Department of Emergency Medicine University of California Irvine

BAcKGROUND: Dehydration and its associated symptoms are among the most common chief complaints of children in rural Panama. Previous studies have shown that intravascular volume correlates to the ratio of the diameters of the inferior vena cava(IVc) to the aorta(Ao). Our study aims to determine if medical students can detect pediatric dehydration using ultrasound on patients in rural Panama. METHODS: This was a prospective, observational study conducted in the Bocas del Toro region of rural Panama. children between the ages of 1 to 15 years presenting with diarrhea, vomiting, or parasitic infection were enrolled in the study. Ultrasound measurements of the diameters of the IVc and abdominal aorta were taken to assess for dehydration. RESULTS: A total of 59 patients were enrolled in this study. Twenty-four patients were clinically diagnosed with dehydration and 35 were classified to have normal hydration status. Of the 24 patients with dehydration, half(n=12) of these patients had an IVc/Ao ratio below the American threshold of 0.8. Of the remaining asymptomatic subjects, about half(n=18) of these subjects also had an IVc/Ao ratio below the American threshold of ***: Our study did not support previous literature showing that the IVc/Ao ratio is lower in children with dehydration. It is possible that the American standard for evaluating clinical dehydration is not compatible with the rural pediatric populations of Panama.

关键词： Ultrasound Parasitic infection Panama Rural medicine Dehydration Medical education

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