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中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第十三次学术研讨会

作者： Mamohale Chaisi Janine Baxter Paidashe Hove Chimvwele Choopa Kelly Brayton nicola collins Marinda Oosthuizen Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of PretoriaOnderstepoort Department of Genetics Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Pretoria Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology Washington State University

Bovine anaplasmosis,caused by Anaplasma marginale,is a globally prevalent virulent hemoparasitic disease of *** South Africa it is endemic in most of the cattle-farming *** ***(also known as ***) causes a milder form of anaplasmosis in cattle and has been used as a vaccine in many parts of the ***,this vaccine has major drawbacks and therefore a safer and more effective vaccine is *** order to examine *** candidate genes for the development of an efficient recombinant vaccine,a bank of *** positive field samples must first be *** are many strains of *** in South African cattle;it is therefore essential to make use of an assay that is able to detect all *** aim of this study was to evaluate three molecular assays in detecting *** and *** in cattle in South *** evaluated a duplex quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR) assay1 for detection of *** and *** infections in cattle in South *** assay detects the msplfi gene of *** and the groEL gene of ***-fold serial dilutions of plasmid DnA from cloned msplfi and groEL genes were used to determine the linear ranges of detection when the assays are used in monoplex and duplex *** samples were analysed by the reverse line blot(RLB) hybridization assay(n = 148),and nested PCR assays(n = 174).The level of agreement between results of the different assays was determined using the Cohen’s Kappa *** investigate discrepancies between tests,and to determine if the qPCR primer and probe target regions are conserved in South Africa field strains,msplfi and groEL genes from selected samples were *** qPCR assay was subsequently used to detect *** and *** in528 cattle samples originating from different parts of South *** qPCR assay detected *** and *** in more samples than the RLB *** level of agreement be

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Sampling strategy for estimating human exposure pathways to consumer chemicals

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Emerging Contaminants 2016年第1期2卷 26-36页

作者： Eleni Papadopoulou Juan A.Padilla-Sanchez Chris D.collins Ian T.Cousins Adrian Covaci Cynthia A.de Wit Pim E.G.Leonards Stefan Voorspoels Cathrine Thomsen Stuart Harrad Line S.Haug Division of Environmental Medicine Norwegian Institute of Public HealthLovisenberggata 80456 OsloNorway Soil Research Centre Department of Geography and Environmental ScienceUniversity of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66DWUK Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry(ACES) Stockholm UniversitySE 10691 StockholmSweden Toxicological Center University of AntwerpUniversiteitsplein 12610 WilrijkBelgium Institute for Environmental Studies VU UniversityDe Boelelaan 10871081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO) Boeretang 2002400 MolBelgium School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbaston B152TTUK

Human exposure to consumer chemicals has become a worldwide *** this work,a comprehensive sampling strategy is presented,to our knowledge being the first to study all relevant exposure pathways in a single cohort using multiple methods for assessment of exposure from each exposure *** selected groups of chemicals to be studied are consumer chemicals whose production and use are currently in a state of transition and are;per-and polyfluorinated alkyl substances(PFASs),traditional and“emerging”brominated flame retardants(BFRs and EBFRs),organophosphate esters(OPEs)and phthalate esters(PEs).Information about human exposure to these contaminants is needed due to existing data gaps on human exposure intakes from multiple exposure pathways and relationships between internal and external *** environment,food and biological samples were collected from 61 participants and their households in the Oslo area(norway)on two consecutive days,during winter ***,dust,hand wipes,and duplicate diet(food and drink)samples were collected as indicators of external exposure,and blood,urine,blood spots,hair,nails and saliva as indicators of internal exposure.A food diary,food frequency questionnaire(FFQ)and indoor environment questionnaire were also *** 2000 samples were collected in total and participant views on their experiences of this campaign were collected via *** 91%of our participants were positive about future participation in a similar project,some tasks were viewed as *** the food diary and collection of duplicate food/drink portions were the tasksmost frequent reported as“hard”/“very hard”.nevertheless,a strong positive correlation between the reported total mass of food/drinks in the food record and the total weight of the food/drinks in the collection bottles was observed,being an indication of accurate performance of the participants despite the challenges of the sampling campaign.

关键词： Biomonitoring Indoor environment Consumer products Diet Dust non-invasive samples

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Ecological correlates of invasion impact for Burmese pythons in Florida

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 254-270页

作者： Robert n.REED John D.WILLSOn Gordon H.RODDA Michael E.DORCAS US Geological Survey Fort Collins Science CenterFort CollinsColorado Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginia Department of Biology Davidson CollegeDavidsonNorth CarolinaUSA

An invasive population of Burmese pythons(Python molurus bivittatus)is established across several thousand square kilometers of southern Florida and appears to have caused precipitous population declines among several species of native *** has this giant snake had such great success as an invasive species when many established reptiles have failed to spread?We scored the Burmese python for each of 15 literature-based attributes relative to predefined comparison groups from a diverse range of taxa and provide a review of the natural history and ecology of Burmese pythons relevant to each *** focused on attributes linked to spread and magnitude of impacts rather than establishment *** results suggest that attributes related to body size and generalism appeared to be particularly applicable to the Burmese python’s success in *** attributes with the highest scores were:high reproductive potential,low vulnerability to predation,large adult body size,large offspring size and high dietary ***,attributes of ectotherms in general and pythons in particular(including predatory mode,energetic efficiency and social interactions)might have also contributed to invasion *** establishment risk assessments are an important initial step in prevention of new establishments,evaluating species in terms of their potential for spreading widely and negatively impacting ecosystems might become part of the means by which resource managers prioritize control efforts in environments with large numbers of introduced species.

关键词： body size Burmese python Florida invasive species Python molurus

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行白内障囊外手术时玻璃体脱出对术后1年视力的影响

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 12-13页

作者： collins J.F. Krol W.F. Kirk G.F. Gaster R.n. 秦雪娇

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects that vitreous presentation (VP) during extracapsular cataract surgery has on patients’ 1- year postoperative vision. The study was a prospective, long- term, clinical trial. The study took place at 19 Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers. Patients having VP during cataract surgery and receiving a posterior chamber (PC) intraocular lens (IOL) (230 patients) were prospectively compared with a 5% random sample of nonvitreous presentation (nVP) cataract surgery patients (521 patients). Best- corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 1 year was obtained by a masked, certified examiner. There was no statistical difference (P=.089) between the VP patients receiving PC IOL and the nVP patients in percentage of patients having BCVA of 20/40 or better at 1 year (91.1% vs 94.9% ). There were significantly more PC IOL VP patients than nVP patients with BCVA of 20/50 or worse at some time during the first postoperative year (21.6% vs 10.9% ; P=.000 3), significantly fewer with BCVA of 20/20 or better at 1 year (27.8% vs 38.8% ; P=.013), and significantly more with cystoid macular edema (11.5% vs 3.6% ; P=.0002), retinal detachment (4.3% vs 0.2% ; P=.0002), and uveitis (3.4% vs 0.6% ; P=.012). The nVP patients rated their vision as very good or excellent significantly more often than the VP patients (71% vs 58% ; P=.025). Vitreous presentation during extracapsular cataract surgery leads to somewhat worse overall outcomes in patients, although the majority of patients with VP do reasonably well.

关键词：玻璃体脱出白内障手术人工晶体后房型黄斑囊样水肿临床试验研究视网膜脱离标准检查葡萄膜炎退伍兵

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Teaching reproductive endocrinology in Iran: Pilot assessment of hospital-based clinical modules for medical students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences

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Health 2013年第2期5卷 175-178页

作者： Batool H. Rashidi Maryam nemati Mahya Ghazizadeh Shala A. Salem Gary S. collins E. Scott Sills Centre for Statistics in Medicine Wolfson College Annexe University of Oxford Oxford UK Office for Reproductive Research Pacific Reproductive Center/PRC-Orange County Irvine USA Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

This pilot study evaluated effectiveness and acceptance of a new hospital-based reproductive endocrinology curriculum among Iranian medical students. A voluntary, anonymous questionnaire was used to compare two teaching methods as applied to junior medical students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Students were randomly assigned to one of two clinical teaching settings;no student experienced both modules. Coursework for the pilot (experimental) group (n = 19) utilized a teaching approach comprising lectures, genetics laboratory, pelvic ultrasound, small group sessions, and opportunities to observe advanced reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization, ICSI, and embryo transfer. A control group (n = 34) received reproductive endocrinology instruction by the ‘traditional curriculum’, consisting mainly of lectures. Students were sampled at baseline and again atthe conclusion of their reproductive endocrinology session. Pre- and post-test data were analyzed for both groups;post-test differences between groups were also compared. no significant differences in mean age or gender mix were identified between the two study groups. Overall, the ques- tionnaire did not identify any significant intergroup differences for any parameter investigated. Although student acceptance rate appeared similar for both educational modules, the ratio of students having a “favorable regard” for reproductive medicine declined only among students randomized to the control group (41.2% vs. 32.3%). This report offers the first data on teaching reproductive endocrinology to medical students in Iran. Both traditional and innovative approaches to teaching reproductive endocrinology were well-accepted by students, although negative post-test responses were more common among students in the control group. While periodic quality assessments for existing clinical teaching methods are necessary, introduction of alternative teaching approaches is also important. Additional studies are

关键词： Medical Students Clinical Education Reproductive Endocrinology Iran

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降胆固醇药辛伐他汀可减少血管疾病或有血管疾病危险因素患者的卒中发生率

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第1期8卷 52-53页

作者： collins R Armitage J Parish S 杨颖 Heart Protection Study Radcliffe Infirmary Oxford UK

方法设计：随机对照试验(心脏保护研究)，分配：隐匿分配，盲法：全盲(患者，医生以及数据监测委员会)，随访时间：5年，地点：英国的69所医院。参加者：20536位患者(平均年龄64岁，75％为男性)，其非快速总胆固醇浓度≥3．5mmol／L(13... 详细信息

方法设计：随机对照试验(心脏保护研究)，分配：隐匿分配，盲法：全盲(患者，医生以及数据监测委员会)，随访时间：5年，地点：英国的69所医院。参加者：20536位患者(平均年龄64岁，75％为男性)，其非快速总胆固醇浓度≥3．5mmol／L(135mg／dl)，并伴有脑血管病、冠心病、及其他闭塞性血管病或糖尿病或高血压治疗后年龄≥65岁的男性患者。排除标准：有明确的他汀药的适应证和禁忌证；卒中，心肌梗死或6个月内因心绞痛而住院者；慢性肝病；严重肾病；炎症性肌病；同时服用环孢菌素、贝特类或大剂量烟酸、可能妊娠；严重心衰或威胁生命的疾病。干预措施：辛伐他汀400mg／日(n=10 269)或匹配的安慰剂(n=10267)，治疗5年。结果测定指标：首次主要血管事件(例如，非致死性心肌梗死或冠状动脉疾病死亡、卒中或血管重建手术)，次级结果包括所有。(非致死和致死性)卒中、假定的缺血性卒中和出血性卒中。随访：99．7％的患者完成5年的随访(意向性治疗分析)(心脏保护研究协作组．Lancet 2002：360:7—22．)。主要结果辛伐他汀组在第5年发生首次主要血管事件和卒中者比安慰剂组明显减少(附表)，二组出血性卒中发生率无差异(0．5％比0．5％)。结论降胆固醇药辛伐他汀减少血管疾病或有血管疾病高危因素者卒中发生率。

关键词：出血性卒中辛伐他汀患者发生率血管疾病安慰剂首次附表测定指标分配

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Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Parameters of Broilers Fed Meal and Protein Isolate of <i>Mucuna pruriens</i>Seeds

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第2期11卷 354-368页

作者： Mweugang ngouopo nathalie Miegoue Emile Youssoufa Tchoubou Yacouba Manga Pelyang maurice Madjou Solange njintang Yanou nicolas nukenine Elias nchiwan Fonteh Anyangwe Florence Pamo Tedonkeng Etienne Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Zootechnic Animal Nutrition and Production Research Unit Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences Universi-ty of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) represents an interesting source of protein poorly studied. The effect of dietary inclusion of meal and protein isolate of Mucuna seeds on biochemical and oxidative stress parameter of broilers (135-one-day Cobb500 chickens) was investigated. Three isonitrogenous diets were formulated from soya bean meal (Control group: RTS), Mucuna meal (coded RFM) and n>Mucuna protein isolate (coded RIM). Each of the dietary treatments was triplicated with 15 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The birds were offered feed and water ad libitum. The results revealed significant (p 0.05) effect of N source on the organ total proteins with treatment RFM and RIM exhibiting lower but comparable levels in the Liver (2.01 and 1.98 g/dL), Heart (1.95 and 1.89 g/dL) and Kidney (1.92 and 1.91 g/dL). Triglycerides contents were significantly (p n style="f

关键词： Mucuna pruriens Serum Indices Starter Phase Broilers

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Outcomes and Quality of Life of Patients with a Digestive Stoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon

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Surgical Science 2021年第11期12卷 381-389页

作者： Georges Bwelle Motto Guy Aristide Bang Joseph Cyrille Chopkeng ngoumfe Yannick Mahamat Ekani Boukar Raissa Larissa Kom de Sendjong Bernadette ngo nonga maurice Aurélien Sosso Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Visceral and Digestive Surgery Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Introduction: The installation of a digestive stoma involves changes affecting all aspects of the patients’ lives. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a digestive stoma on the quality of life of patients operated on at the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). n>Patients and Methodology: We conducted a prospective descriptive study over a period of 12 months from June 2018 to May 2019 in all patients with a digestive stoma for at least 3 months operated on at the YCH. The follow-up was done within 12 months. Quality of life was assessed using the stoma QOL (quality of life) and self-image using the BIS (Body Image Scale). n style="font-family:"">Results: We collected a total of 34 patients, of whom 22 were male, giving an M/F sex ratio of 1.8. The average age of the patients was 42.8 years. The indications were tumoral in 44.11% of cases (nn> = 15) and non-tumoral in 55.88% of cases (n = 19). The colon was the most frequently ablated organ (n

关键词： Stoma Quality of Life Self-Image Cameroon

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Increased Risk of Arterial Stiffness in Rhumatoid Arthritis Patients in a Sub-Saharan African Setting

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第6期13卷 313-326页

作者： Asongwed Achu Reid Joshua njimbuc Walinjom collins Chenwi Eho Emerentia Achu Achiri Roosevelt Daniel Tchamdeu Jan Rene nkeck Marie Solange Doualla Daniel Lemogoum Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Medical Unit Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Hô pital Erasme Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium

Background: Analysis of arterial stiffness (AS) is a good marker of early arterial disease and an important determinant of cardiovascular risk, independent of other traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CfPWV) is the gold standard to evaluate arterial stiffness. There is evidence that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a higher arterial stiffness than their age-matched healthy counterparts and thus have higher cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, data on arterial stiffness in African rheumatoid arthritis patients is scarce. Objectives: To determine the patterns of arterial stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis patients in a sub-Saharan African setting, using CfPWV and Augmentation index (AIx). Method: We conducted a case-control study, at the Douala general hospital over four months (February to May 2018) on 63 subjects among which 31 RA patients matched for age and sex with 32 healthy subjects. AIx and CfPWV were determined non-invasively by radial pulse wave analysis and carotid femoral wave analysis respectively, using a sphygmocor Atcor device (SphygmoCor, PWV Medical, Sydney, Australia). Results: The mean age of RA patients was 47 ± 14 years with most of them being females (n = 26, 83.9%). CfPWV was significantly higher in RA patients compared to the control group (mean: 8.85 ± 2.1 vs 7.45 ± 1.38;p ≤ 0.01) as well as was AIx (Median: 33 [26 - 43] vs 26 [20 - 31];p = 0.01). RA (OR: 6.105;95% CI: 1.52 - 24.54;p 1.34;95% CI: 1.14 - 5.17;p = 0.05), elevated CRP levels (OR: 4.01;95% CI: 1.16 - 13.68;p = 0.03) and Hypertension (OR: 5.75;95% CI: 1.24 -11.60;p Conclusion: Arterial stiffness, a well-recognized marker of cardiovascular risk is increased among patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis when compared to a healthy control group.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Arterial Stiffness CfPWV Augmentation Index

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Effectiveness of aerobic exercise interventions on balance,gait,functional mobility and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease:an umbrella review

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Translational Exercise Biomedicine 2024年第3期1卷 195-211页

作者： Mehmet C.Yildirim Hatice S.Ekici Jemima collins Jessica Piasecki Rob Skelly Adam L.Gordon Bethan E.Phillips Academic Unit of Injury Recovery and Inflammation Sciences(IRIS)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamDerbyUK Department of Medicine of the Elderly University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation TrustRoyal Derby HospitalDerbyUK Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group SportHealth and Performance Enhancement Research CentreSchool of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK

Introduction Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder with increasing prevalence into older *** exercise(AE)is the most commonly prescribed exercise for PD,although an optimal protocol is *** umbrella review aimed to summarise and synthesize existent evidence regarding the effectiveness of AE on balance,gait,functional mobility,and QoL in people with *** Six databases were searched for systematic reviews reporting the effects of AE on balance,gait,functional mobility,and QoL in people with PD from inception to June *** of evidence was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 *** 4182 records,17 systematic reviews were included for qualitative ***(n=12)were rated as critically low for methodological quality,with four rated low and one *** intensity was the most commonly investigated AE intensity(n=4),although almost half of the reviews(n=8)did not report *** protocols lasted from 1 to 64 weeks and 1 to 7 days per *** length was between 20 and 120 *** outcomes included gait(n=15),QoL(n=14),balance(n=12),and functional mobility(n=7).AE does improve aspects of gait,balance,and functional mobility in PD;however it does not appear to improve *** and Outlook AE is recommended as part of rehabilitation for people with ***,research exploring the efficacy of AE assesses multiple modalities with varied *** research is needed to identify AE protocols that will best alleviate the symptoms of PD,providing an evidence base for effective clinical translation.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease aerobic exercise quality of life older people umbrella review balance

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