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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 458-473页

作者： Fernanda Zamboni Chun Kwok Wong maurice n.collins Bernal Institute School of EngineeringUniversity of LimerickIreland Health Research Institute University of LimerickIreland Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region

The relationships between hyaluronic acid(HA)and pathological microorganisms incite new understandings on microbial infection,tissue penetration,disease progression and lastly,potential *** understandings are important for the advancement of next generation antimicrobial therapeutical strategies for the control of healthcare-associated ***,this review will focus on the interplay between HA,bacteria,fungi,and *** review will also comprehensively detail and discuss the antimicrobial activity displayed by various HA molecular weights for a variety of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications,including microbiology,pharmaceutics,and tissue engineering.

关键词： Hyaluronic acid Hyaluronidase Virulence Antibacterial Antifungal Antiviral

Development and characterization of 3D-printed electroconductive pHEMA-co-MAA nP-laden hydrogels for tissue engineering

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 262-276页

作者： Sara De nitto Aleksandra Serafin Alexandra Karadimou Achim Schmalenberger John J.EMulvihill maurice n.collins DIBRIS Polytechnic Inter-School Section University of Genoa16126 GenoaItaly School of Engineering Bernal InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland School of natural Sciences Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland Health Research Institute University of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland AMBER University of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland

Tissue engineering(TE)continues to be widely explored as a potential solution to meet critical clinical needs for diseased tissue replacement and tissue *** this study,we developed a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid)(pHEMA-co-MAA)based hydrogel loaded with newly synthesized conductive poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)(PEDOT)and polypyrrole(PPy)nanoparticles(nPs),and subsequently processed these hydrogels into tissue engineered constructs via three-dimensional(3D)*** presence of the nPs was critical as they altered the rheological properties during ***,all samples exhibited suitable shear thinning properties,allowing for the development of an optimized processing window for 3D *** were 3D printed into pre-determined disk-shaped configurations of 2 and 10 mm in height and diameter,*** observed that the nPs disrupted the gel crosslinking efficiencies,leading to shorter degradation times and compressive mechanical properties ranging between 450 and 550 *** conductivity of the printed hydrogels increased along with the nP concentration to(5.10±0.37)×10^(−7)S/*** vitro studies with cortical astrocyte cell cultures demonstrated that exposure to the pHEMA-co-MAA nP hydrogels yielded high cellular viability and proliferation ***,hydrogel antimicrobial studies with staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria revealed that the developed hydrogels affected bacterial *** together,these materials show promise for various TE strategies.

关键词： Conductive nanoparticles Hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) Ultraviolet(UV)polymerization 3D printing

In vitro properties of surface-modified solid lipid microspheres containing an antimalarial drug:halofantrine

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第4期4卷 253-258页

作者： Anthony A Attama collins n Igbonekwu Department of Pharmaceutics University of Nigeria

Objective:To formulate and evaluate in vitro,surface-modified solid lipid microspheres containing hal of antrine using lipid matrix formed from goat fat and a phospholipid(P90H). Methods:The model drug,hal of antrine in an increasing concentration of 1%,2%,3%,4% and 5%w/w was incorporated into surface-modified solid lipid microspheres formulated by hot *** of drug concentration on the encapsulation efficiency was studied. The dispersion was evaluated using particle size,particle morphology,pH and encapsulation *** drug formulation with highest encapsulation efficiency was selected and used for the release studies and compared with the release from a commercial dosage form(Halfan~? 250 mg tablet,Claxo-Smithkline,Mayenne France) using simulated gastric fluid(SGF pH 1.2), simulated intestinal fluid(SIF pH 7.2) and phosphate buffer(pH 6.8) as biorelevant media. Results were analyzed statistically and the level of significance was taken to be Pnd spherical solid lipid microspheres were *** particle size of the dispersion was low(32.48-33.87μm) with minimal particle growth and high encapsulation efficiencies(86.8%-91.0%) after 3 *** pH of the microspheres dispersion changed appreciably after 3 *** vitro release result obtained revealed sustained and controlled drug release from the lipid microspheres compared with the tablet dosage ***: Formulation of hal of antrine as solid lipid microspheres presents a better alternative to the conventional tablet formulation as the in vitro dissolution of the highly lipophilic hal of antrine was highly improved.

关键词： Solid lipid microsphere Particle size stability Halofan trine Encapsulation efficiency Release studies In vitro evaluation

Developing a global interconnected power system model

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Global Energy Interconnection 2018年第3期1卷 330-343页

作者： Maarten Brinkerink Paul Deane Seán.collins Brian Ó Gallachóir MaREI Centre Environmental Research Institute University College Cork School of Engineering University College Cork

Decarbonizing the power sector is a necessary step towards a low-carbon future. Interconnecting power systems on different continents could be a method to contribute to such a future, by utilizing highly efficient renewable resources around the globe, while simultaneously providing additional benefits of power system integration. In this paper, we describe the process of constructing and simulating a global interconnected power system model with high technical and temporal resolution. Being the first of its kind on the global scale, this paper is designed to showcase the proof of concept as an intermediate step to a high resolution global model, by integrating an existing European power system model with the north-American continent. The work to date has been focused on testing the methodology and building up necessary knowledge to realistically simulate the functionality of a possible future global grid. Some initial results are analysed to support the viability of the model and the concept in general. Furthermore, key factors influencing the development and optimal performance of the global interconnected power system model are identified.

关键词： Climate Change Scientific basis Effects and risk Addressing pathways Energy transition

Unifying concepts in methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox sludge granulation

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 17-30页

作者： Simon Mills Anna Christine Trego Marco Prevedello Jo De Vrieze Vincent O’Flaherty Piet n.L.Lens Gavin.collins Microbial Communities Laboratory School of Biological and Chemical SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayUniversity RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Microbial Ecology Laboratory School of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of GalwayUniversity RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology(CMET) Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GentBelgium University of Galway University RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

The retention of dense and well-functioning microbial biomass is crucial for effective pollutant removal in several biological wastewater treatment *** solids retention is often achieved through aggregation of microbial communities into dense,spherical aggregates known as granules,which were initially discovered in the *** granules have since been widely applied in upflow anaerobic digesters for waste-to-energy ***,granular biomass has been applied in aerobic wastewater treatment and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)*** mechanisms underpinning the formation of methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox granules are the subject of ongoing *** each granule type has been extensively studied in isolation,there has been a lack of comparative studies among these granulation *** is likely that there are some unifying concepts that are shared by all three sludge *** these unifying concepts could allow a unified theory of granulation to be ***,we review the granulation mechanisms of methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox granular sludge,highlighting several common concepts,such as the role of extracellular polymeric substances,cations,and operational parameters like upflow velocity and shear *** have then identified some unique features of each granule type,such as different internal structures,microbial compositions,and quorum sensing ***,we propose that future research should prioritize aspects of microbial ecology,such as community assembly or interspecies interactions in individual granules during their formation and growth.

关键词： Granule Granulation Anaerobic digestion Anammox Aerobic granule

Small-scale genotypic richness stabilizes plot biomass and increases phenotypic variance in the invasive grass Phalaris arundinacea

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 47-55页

作者： Alexandra R.collins Brian Beckage Jane Molofsky Division of Information Technology and Science Champlain College163 South WillardBurlingtonVermont05401USA Department of Plant Biology University of Vermont111 Jeffords Hall63 Carrigan DriveUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermont 05405USA

Aims We aim to understand how small-scale genotypic richness and gen-otypic interactions influence the biomass and potential invasiveness of the invasive grass,Phalaris arundinacea under two different dis-turbance treatments:intact plots and disturbed plots,where all the native vegetation has been ***,we address the following questions(i)Does genotypic richness increase biomass production?(ii)Do genotypic interactions promote or reduce bio-mass production?(iii)Does the effect of genotypic richness and gen-otypic interactions differ in different disturbance treatments?Finally(iv)Is phenotypic variation greater as genotypic richness increases?Methods We conducted a 2-year common garden experiment in which we manipulated genotype richness using eight genotypes planted under both intact and disturbed conditions in a wetland in Burlington,Vermont(44°27′23″n,73°11′29″W).The experiment consisted of a randomized complete block design of three blocks,each containing 20 plots(0.5 m2)per disturbed *** calculated total plot biomass and partitioned the net biodiversity effect into three com-ponents:dominance effect,trait-dependent complementarity and trait-independent *** calculated the phenotypic variance for each different genotype richness treatment under the two disturbance *** Findings Our results indicate that local genotypic richness does not increase total biomass production of the invasive grass *** in either intact or disturbed ***,genotypic interactions underlying the responses showed very different patterns in response to increasing genotypic *** the intact treatment,genotypic interactions resulted in the observed biomass being greater than the predicted biomass from monoculture plots(e.g.,overyielding)and this was driven by ***,facilitation was reduced as genotypic richness *** the disturbed treatment,genotypic interactions resulted in underyielding w

关键词： invasive grass genotypic diversity Phalaris arundinacea tripartite method phenotypic variance

Comparison of conventional and non-invasive diagnostic tools for detecting Plasmodium falciparum infection in southwestern Cameroon:a cross-sectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第3期10卷 104-105页

作者： Tobias O.Apinjoh Veronica n.ntasin Phil collins C.Tataw Vincent n.ntui Dieudonne L.njimoh Fidelis Cho-ngwa Eric A.Achidi Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of BueaBueaCameroon 不详

Background:Malaria remains a significant health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa,with early diagnosis critical to reducing its morbidity and *** the increasing Plasmodium *** capabilities,access to testing is limited in some cases by the almost absolute requirement for blood from potentially infected subjects as the only sample source for all conventional methods.A rapid test on non-invasive specimen with comparable performance to microscopy for the screening or diagnosis of all participants is *** study sought to compare conventional and non-invasive diagnostic tools for detecting Plasmodium falciparum.

关键词： Plasmodium falciparum Microscopy nested PCR Rapid diagnostic test Blood Saliva Urine

Research on Banana Fiber Degumming Methods

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Research on Banana Fiber Degumming Methods

作者： Twebaze collins Bagiritima 天津工业大学

学位级别：硕士

香蕉纤维是全球使用较少的纤维之一,但香蕉在130多个国家/地区种植,是食品、果汁、啤酒和手工艺品的主要来源。该纤维可以生物降解,具有取代合成纤维的潜力,是环保纺织品。许多研究人员通过脱胶对香蕉纤维进行改性,但在细度、质量和柔... 详细信息

香蕉纤维是全球使用较少的纤维之一,但香蕉在130多个国家/地区种植,是食品、果汁、啤酒和手工艺品的主要来源。该纤维可以生物降解,具有取代合成纤维的潜力,是环保纺织品。许多研究人员通过脱胶对香蕉纤维进行改性,但在细度、质量和柔韧性方面需要改进。本文主要研究了两种脱胶方法,第一是采用超声波对碱预处理过的纤维进行脱胶。第二是采用活化水溶液对碱预处理的纤维进行脱胶。这两种方法都是使用氢氧化钠(na OH)溶液进行预处理,然后再使用超声波或活化水进行处理。工艺环保,都具有较好的脱胶效果,可以显著去除纤维中的木质素、半纤维素和提取物。浓度为10%的碱溶液浓度和35分钟的超声波处理使纤维获得的纤维素含量为72.78%,结晶度指数高达63.29%。通过超声波处理,单纤维直径可达19.36μm,断裂强度可达31.12c n/dtex。浓度为10%的碱溶液预处理过的纤维,经活化水处理后,随纤维浴比增加,其性能得到改善。最佳工艺条件为处理50min,浴比1:80,结晶度为62%,直径达到39.67±0.70μm,断裂强度为10.46±0.66c n/dtex。采用数码显微镜、FTIR、SEM、XRD和拉伸强度仪等测试方法进行表征,超声波处理过的单纤维直径优于活化水处理过的单纤维直径,更接近棉、麻的性能,因此可以用于纺纱等纺织应用,活化水处理的纤维在复合材料工业中也具有重要的应用价值。

关键词：香蕉纤维脱胶方法超声波活化水

Spatial distribution and habitat characterization of mosquito species during the dry season along the Mara River and its tributaries,in Kenya and Tanzania

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 14-29页

作者： Gabriel O.Dida Douglas n.Anyona Paul O.Abuom Daniel Akoko Samson O.Adoka Ally-Said Matano Philip O.Owuor collins Ouma School of Public Health and Community Development Maseno UniversityMasenoKenya School of Environment and Earth Sciences Maseno UniversityMasenoKenya Impact Research and Development Organization KisumuKenya School of Health Sciences Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and TechnologyBondoKenya East African Community/Lake Victoria Basin Commission KisumuKenya Department of Chemistry Maseno UniversityMasenoKenya Department of Community and Public Health Technical University of KenyaNairobiKenya

Background:Vector-borne diseases are increasingly becoming a major health problem among communities living along the major rivers of *** larger water bodies such as lakes and dams have been extensively researched,rivers and their tributaries have largely been *** study sought to establish the spatial distribution of mosquito species during the dry season and further characterize their habitats along the Mara River and its ***:In this cross-sectional survey,mosquito larvae were sampled along the Mara River,its two perennial tributaries(Amala and nyangores),drying streams,and adjacent aquatic habitats(***,puddles that receive direct sunlight[open sunlit puddles],rock pools,hippo and livestock hoof prints,and vegetated pools).Each habitat was dipped 20 times using a standard *** between breeding sites and human habitation was determined using global positioning system *** collected mosquito larvae were identified using standard taxonomic *** physico-chemical parameters were measured in situ using a multiparameter *** mosquito larvae per habitat type were compared using analysis of variance and chi-square tests,while the relationship between mosquito larvae and physicochemical parameters was evaluated using a generalized linear mixed *** Cox-Stuart test was used to detect trends of mosquito larvae *** test allowed for verification of monotonic tendency(rejection of null hypothesis of trend absence)and its ***:A total of 4001 mosquito larvae were collected,of which 2712(67.8%)were collected from river/stream edge habitats and 1289(32.2%)were sampled from aquatic habitats located in the terrestrial ecosystem about 50 m away from the main river/*** gambiae s.s,***,and *** group,the three most potent vectors of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa,together with other anopheline mosquitoes,were the most dominant mosquito species(70.3%)

关键词： Anopheles gambiae Anopheles funestus Culex Mosquito Larval habitat Mara River Kenya Tanzania

Plant Growth Response of Eight Andean Dry Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris </i>L.) Genotypes to Phosphorus Fertilizer in the Greenhouse

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第10期9卷 1269-1285页

作者： Eninka Mndolwa Harold P. collins Phillip n. Miklas Department of Crop Science Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Temple TX USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Prosser WA USA

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important legume in the tropics, with production limited by low availability of soil phosphorus (P). An experiment was conducted in the glasshouse to evaluate P use efficiency of eight dry bean genotypes (G122, Montcalm, Taylor Horticulture, Cardinal, Bukoba, Kijivu, Rojo and CAL 143) of Andean origin. The treatments included: no P (0 kg P ha-1), normal P (50 kg P ha-1), and high P (100 kg P ha-1). There was variation for the measured traits shoot biomass (g), shoot P (mg kg-1), root P (mg kg-1), seed P (mg kg-1) and seed yield (g) among genotypes and P treatments. Biomass and all P concentrations increased with increasing P level and the genotypes Kijivu, Bukoba, Montcalm and Taylor Horticulture had higher P concentrations than Rojo, G122, Cardinal and CAL 143 across treatments. Genotype × treatment interactions were observed for shoot biomass. For the no P treatment, shoot and root biomass were positively correlated with PUE (phosphorus use efficiency). PUE had higher values and varied more among genotypes in the no P treatment compared to the normal P and high P treatments. The results suggest that seed yield in dry bean can be improved by selecting for genotypes with higher PUE under limiting P. The genotypes Bukoba, Kijivu and Montcalm with the highest values for PUE under no P treatment may be exhibiting some level of tolerance to low soil phosphorus. Higher shoot weight may provide simple criteria for selecting genotypes with greater yield and PUE (phosphorus use efficiency) under limiting P conditions. Therefore, a genotype is desired that can efficiently uptake and utilize available P under limited availability of this nutrient.

关键词： Phosphorus Use Efficiency Phosphorus Susceptibility Index Phaseolus vulgaris Shoot and Root Dry Weight