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Design, Implementation and Simulation of Non-Intrusive Sensor for On-Line Condition Monitoring of MV Electrical Components

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Engineering（科研） 2014年第11期6卷 680-691页

作者： Muhammad Shafiq matti Lehtonen Lauri Kutt Muzamir Isa Department of Electrical Engineering School of Science and Technology Aalto University Espoo Finland School of Electrical Systems Engineering Universiti Malaysia Perlis Malaysia

Non-intrusive measurement technology is of great interest for the electrical utilities in order to avoid an interruption in the normal operation of the supply network during diagnostics measurements and inspections. Inductively coupled electromagnetic sensing provides a possibility of non-intrusive measurements for online condition monitoring of the electrical components in a Medium Voltage (MV) distribution network. This is accomplished by employing Partial Discharge (PD) activity monitoring, one of the successful methods to assess the working condition of MV components but often requires specialized equipment for carrying out the measurements. In this paper, Rogowski coil sensor is presented as a robust solution for non-intrusive measurements of PD signals. A high frequency prototype of Rogowski coil is designed in the laboratory. Step-by-step approach of constructing the sensor system is presented and performance of its components (coil head, damping component, integrator and data acquisition system) is evaluated using practical and simulated environments. Alternative Transient Program-Electromagnetic Transient Program (ATP-EMTP) is used to analyze the designed model of the Rogowski coil. Real and simulated models of the coil are used to investigate the behavior of Rogowski coil sensor at its different stages of development from a transducer coil to a complete measuring device. Both models are compared to evaluate their accuracy for PD applications. Due to simple design, flexible hardware, and low cost of Rogowski coil, it can be considered as an efficient current measuring device for integrated monitoring applications where a large number of sensors are required to develop an automated online condition monitoring system for a distribution network.

关键词： Non-Intrusive Sensors Condition Monitoring Partial Discharge Rogowski Coil ATP-EMTP

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Inkjet printing technology for increasing the I/O density of 3D TSV interposers

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 349-357页

作者： Behnam Khorramdel Jessica Liljeholm Mika-matti Laurila Toni Lammi Gustaf Mårtensson Thorbjörn Ebefors Frank Niklaus matti Mäntysalo Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Tampere University of TechnologyKorkeakoulunkatu 3Tampere 33720Finland Silex Microsystems AB Bruttovägen 1Järfälla/Stockholm SE-17526Sweden Micro and Nanosystem KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyOsquldas väg 1010044 StockholmSweden EMSL Chalmers University of TechnologyKemivägen 941296 GöteborgSweden Mycronic AB Nytorpsvägen 918303 TäbySweden

Interposers with through-silicon vias(TSVs)play a key role in the three-dimensional integration and packaging of integrated circuits and microelectromechanical *** the current practice of fabricating interposers,solder balls are placed next to the vias;however,this approach requires a large foot print for the input/output(I/O)***,in this study,we investigate the possibility of placing the solder balls directly on top of the vias,thereby enabling a smaller pitch between the solder balls and an increased density of the I/O *** reach this goal,inkjet printing(that is,piezo and super inkjet)was used to successfully fill and planarize hollow metal TSVs with a dielectric *** under bump metallization(UBM)pads were also successfully printed with inkjet technology on top of the polymer-filled vias,using either Ag or Au *** reliability of the TSV interposers was investigated by a temperature cycling stress test(−40℃ to+125℃).The stress test showed no impact on DC resistance of the TSVs;however,shrinkage and delamination of the polymer was observed,along with some micro-cracks in the UBM *** proof of concept,SnAgCu-based solder balls were jetted on the UBM pads.

关键词： heterogeneous three-dimensional(3D)integration inkjet printing interposer microelectromechanical system(MEMS) reliability super inkjet(SIJ) through silicon via(TSV)

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Biodiesel Greenhouse Gas and Energy Balances in Farm-Scale Production

Biodiesel Greenhouse Gas and Energy Balances in Farm-Scale P...

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The 18th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition

作者： Laihanen M. J?ppinen E. ranta T.

Small scale production of biodiesel fuel has been demonstrated in Finland during the last ten years and at the moment some production units are in operation. The purpose of this study is to present ongoing research project where biodiesel’s greenhouse gas and energy balances in small scale production will be studied. The raw material of biodiesel is turnip rape which is cultivated in the region of South Savo and thus the other name of the product is RME（rape methyl ester）. The study will be made for both the normal cultivated turnip rape and the organic cultivated turnip rape. The main driving forces behind the interest on biodiesel production are the increasing energy costs and willingness to produce own protein feed in cattle feeding. In the national level there is also the aim to increase the use of renewable fuels. The life cycle assessment（LCA） is to be used to evaluate biodiesel greenhouse gas and energy balances in this study. Finland should increase the share of renewable energy to the level of 10 % in transport fuel sector by the end of 2020. The small scale production of RME could not achieve this objective. In the future, main part of the increase will be based on bioenergy, as wood based biodiesel production in the large scale biorefineries. Biodiesel small scale production is a local possibility for farms and it can partly replace imported fossil fuel and protein feed.

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明讯“流动性中枢”的抵押品管理

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金融世界 2012年第1期 52-53页

作者： Stefan lepp 明讯国际结算托管银行执行董事会全球证券融资部

抵押作为一种担保措施，是市场参与者抵御金融交易风险的重要手段。正因为其存在，才能保证金融机构对于资金流动性、市场透明化、市场可信性，以及相应可持续风险管理的要求。

关键词：资金流动性风险管理抵押品市场参与者金融机构交易风险可信性担保

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Private Forest Owners Play Key Role in European Forest Derived Fuel Utilization

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第9期8卷 1575-1582页

作者： Jyrki Raitila Martti Kuusinen Robin Ridley matti Virkkunen VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Jyvgiskyla FI-40100 Finland Forestry Development Centre Tapio Helsinki FI-00700 Finland South Yorkshire Forest Partnership Sheffield S1 2SH UK

The AFO （activating private forest owners to increase forest fuel supply） project was set up to discover the best tools for activating an important fraction of the 12 million PFOs （private forest owners） in Europe to supply wood fuel, especially to small and medium-sized heating plants. It aimed to increase the utilization of Europe＇s vast forest fuel reserves. This was expected to benefit both the economy of the forest owners and rural areas and increase the use of renewable energy sources. The project was carried out between 2009 and 2012. The project operated in selected target regions that have a high proportion of private forest ownership （France, Slovenia, Latvia and the UK）. It started by analyzing the potential wood fuel supply and use in relation to current regional markets. After assessing through inquiries the potential wood fuel supply and demand and the parties involved, the next step was to initiate and support the formation of wood fuel supply clusters and organize supply chains. This was followed by the dissemination of best practice examples from Austria and Finland--countries with the most expertise and long traditions of forest fuel production. In the last phase of the project, results and approved activation methods were disseminated to all 27 EU （European Union） countries.

关键词： Private forest owners wood fuel supply cluster bioenergy activate.

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Intermodal Transportation Concept for Forest Chips

Intermodal Transportation Concept for Forest Chips

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The 19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition

作者： ranta,T. Karttunen,K. F?hr,J.

This study concentrates on a new container solution based on a channel composite structure,which means lighter,temperature-isolated,and more durable structure and accordingly a sustainable transport carrier *** calculation-based estimates showed 10–12% lower transport costs with channel composite containers of forest chips in comparison to solid-frame trucks with a typical moisture content（＞40%）.Empirical data are gathered from container series that have recently been built for evaluation *** uncovered in empirical studies are taken into consideration in one-year simulation-based studies conducted in relation to large-scale supply to the selected potential user *** volumes and storage turnover,along with year-round operation,may increase the moisture content and call for transport solutions with a lighter weight that are capable of increasing the ***（white or black） material with a high volume weight will profit from this kind of carrier solution.

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Developing a Framework of the Sourcing Process A Case Study of Finnish Companies With Chinese Suppliers

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Chinese Business Review 2012年第6期11卷 549-563页

作者： Lingyun Wang matti Muhos Maaria Pennanen Pekka Kess University of Oulu Oulu Finland Vacon Plc. Vaasa Finland

The paper analyzes five Finnish case companies to study the sourcing process from China. A framework of a six-stage sourcing process is developed that includes finding and choosing suppliers, making contracts and orders, performing production and quality control, planning logistics, inspecting purchases, and developing supply chain management. Each stage describes the activities from the channels of seeking suppliers to cooperative areas for further development. The case study illustrates the practices of sourcing from China are actually quite similar to the sourcing process in other countries. The study highlights that quality control is the core issue in sourcing from China. Moreover, the difference in understanding sustainable quality affects supplier screening and quality control. Close cooperation on quality control is the key to managing the supply chain to increase competitive advantage through sourcing from China.

关键词： sourcing process Chinese supplier case study

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工程陶瓷的摩擦与磨损:硫化烯烃添加剂的影响

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润滑与密封 1993年第4期18卷 26-31页

作者：欧博明 Pekka Salonen matti Kleimola 机电部广州机床研究所芬兰赫尔辛基理工大学机械设计实验室

用销—盘试验机探讨了硫化烯烃对氧化铝和氮化硅的摩擦学性能的影响,结果表明,在边界润滑的试验条件下,氧化铝/氧化铝摩擦副出现严重磨损,在氧化铝—钢摩擦副里,出现从钢到氧化铝的材料转移现象。对于氮化硅陶瓷,由于它的高的化学惰性,... 详细信息

用销—盘试验机探讨了硫化烯烃对氧化铝和氮化硅的摩擦学性能的影响,结果表明,在边界润滑的试验条件下,氧化铝/氧化铝摩擦副出现严重磨损,在氧化铝—钢摩擦副里,出现从钢到氧化铝的材料转移现象。对于氮化硅陶瓷,由于它的高的化学惰性,此添加剂对其摩擦磨损性能不产生影响。

关键词：工程陶瓷摩擦磨损润滑剂助剂

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Inflammatory Biomarkers in Elite Cross-Country Skiers After a Competition Season:A Case-Control Study

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第3期5卷 254-262页

作者： Raakel Luoto Olli Ruuskanen Johanna K.Ihalainen Satu Pekkala Jukka Hintikka Noora Kanerva matti Waris Olli J.Heinonen Maarit Valtonen Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of TurkuPL 5220521 TurkuFinland Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland Department of Food and Nutrition University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Institute of Biomedicine Department of Clinical VirologyUniversity of TurkuTurku University HospitalTurkuFinland Paavo Nurmi Centre and Unit for Health and Physical Activity University of TurkuTurkuFinland Finnish Institute of High Performance KIHURautpohjankatu640700 JyväskyläFinland

Purpose Whether elite athletes,who have been exposed to vigorous-intensity exercise combined with other stressors,have elevated systemic low-grade inflammation,remains largely *** address this question,we studied the levels of six inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers of a low-grade inflammatory state in elite athletes after an 11-month train-ing and competition *** We collected sera from 27 Finnish elite cross-country skiers and 27 gender-and age-matched,moderately-exer-cising *** serum concentrations of C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),glycoprotein acetyls(GlycA),interleukin 10(IL-10),and interferon gamma(IFN-γ)cytokines were quantified as surrogate markers of low-grade *** The athletes were found to have significantly lower concentrations of CRP(P=0.0232)and higher concentrations of IL-10,TNF-α,and IFN-γ(P=0.0097,P=0.0256,and P=0.0185,respectively)than the *** significant differences between athletes and controls were detected in the concentrations of IL-6 and *** inflammatory score(IS)did not differ significantly between athletes and *** The results of this study argued against the hypothesis of a significant chronic low-grade inflammation in response to prolonged high-performance exercise among elite endurance athletes.

关键词： Athlete Biomarker Chronic low-grade inflammation Exercise GlycA Inflammation

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Mandibular advancement devices in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and snoring in community dental care: A pilot study on self-reported sleep quality

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Health 2013年第8期5卷 1-5页

作者： Tiina-Riitta Vuorjoki-ranta Frank Lobbezoo Henri Tuomilehto Mauno Kononen Antti Pihakari Jari Ahlberg Helsinki Health Centre Unit for Specialized Oral Care in the Metropolitan Area and KirkkonummiHelsinkiFinland Department of Oral Kinesiology Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam(ACTA)Research Institute MOVEUniversity of Amsterdam and VU UniversityAmsterdamNetherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology Kuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland Oivauni Sleep Clinic KuopioFinland Department of Stomatognathic Physiology and Prosthetic Dentistry Institute of DentistryUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

Background: The high efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients is sometimes limited because of intolerance. Mandibular advancement devices (MAD) are proven to be efficient in treating mild to moderate sleep apnea and snoring. We examined patients who had been treated in Community Dental Care with a titrable Herbst-type MAD. The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of sleep based on self report. Methods: A questionnaire was mailed to patients (n = 184) who had received treatment for OSA or snoring between 2007 and2010 inthe Helsinki Health Centre Oral Care Unit. The patients were referred to the clinic for primary treatment, or because another treatment modality had failed. Results: Of the respondents (n = 142, 78.4%), OSA had been diagnosed in 74%, while the MAD was applied for snoring to the remaining. Among all respondents, 78.4% had worn the MAD at least three nights per week. With the MAD in situ, sleep was felt significantly less disrupted (p < 0.001) and more restorative (p < 0.001), and snoring was markedly reduced (p < 0.001). Daytime tiredness was also markedly less frequent (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Treatment with a MAD improved perceived sleep quality and awoke alertness in mild and moderate OSA patients and in snorers. This study supports such treatment to be initiated and monitored in community dental care.

关键词： Obstructive Sleep Apnea Oral Appliance Compliance Daytime Sleepiness Snoring Community Dental Care

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